因此,我從學(xué)生已有的生活出發(fā),尋找例子,幫助學(xué)生理解容積的概念。同時(shí)也多次提供了實(shí)踐機(jī)會(huì),讓學(xué)生自己操作實(shí)驗(yàn)的過程,在操作中感知1升、1毫升的大小和容積單位和體積單位之間的關(guān)系。二、說教學(xué)目標(biāo)1、理解容積的概念,認(rèn)識(shí)常用的容積單位,感知1升和1毫升的實(shí)際大小,并掌握容積單位、體積單位間的進(jìn)率。2、通過實(shí)驗(yàn)的方法,使學(xué)生經(jīng)歷探究容積單位、容積單位和體積單位之間的關(guān)系的過程。三、教學(xué)重難點(diǎn):1、建立容積和容積單位概念,知道容積單位和體積單位的關(guān)系。2、會(huì)計(jì)算容積。四、說教法為了使課堂的主人能活躍起來,我用了自主探究式發(fā)現(xiàn)問題、談?wù)摻涣骱蛯?shí)驗(yàn)教學(xué)的方法進(jìn)行教學(xué),從而也激發(fā)了學(xué)生的積極性和主動(dòng)性。五、說學(xué)法:更多的是引導(dǎo)學(xué)生在自主嘗試、觀察、討論和探究中獲取知識(shí)。
3.說教學(xué)重、難點(diǎn)依據(jù)數(shù)學(xué)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn),及對(duì)教材的認(rèn)識(shí),我確定了本節(jié)課的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)。教學(xué)重點(diǎn):掌握長(zhǎng)方體和正方體的特征。教學(xué)難點(diǎn):建立“立體圖形”的空間概念,了解長(zhǎng)方體、正方體的關(guān)系。二、說教法根據(jù)幾何知識(shí)的教學(xué)特點(diǎn)、本節(jié)教學(xué)內(nèi)容以及小學(xué)生空間觀念薄弱的特點(diǎn),我將采用以下教學(xué)方法。直觀演示法:利用圖片等手段進(jìn)行直觀演示,激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣;觀察發(fā)現(xiàn)法:通過讓學(xué)生觀察長(zhǎng)方體、正方體的一些實(shí)物發(fā)現(xiàn)新知,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的觀察概括能力;合作探究法:引導(dǎo)學(xué)生通過自主研究、合作討論等活動(dòng)形式來獲取知識(shí)。同時(shí)運(yùn)用多媒體輔助教學(xué),使學(xué)生的觀察能力、抽象概括能力逐步提高。三、說學(xué)法為了使學(xué)生較好地掌握長(zhǎng)方體和正方體的特征,并逐步形成空間觀念,除了讓學(xué)生通過觀察來認(rèn)識(shí)長(zhǎng)方體和正方體的特征以外,在觀察實(shí)物的基礎(chǔ)上,通過動(dòng)手操作,看一看,摸一摸,數(shù)一數(shù),量一量,做一做來學(xué)習(xí)新知,同時(shí)以此來激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣,調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生的積極性。
1、教材分析《同分母分?jǐn)?shù)加減法》是人教版五年級(jí)下冊(cè)第五單元的內(nèi)容。本節(jié)教學(xué)內(nèi)容包括分?jǐn)?shù)加減法的含義、同分母分?jǐn)?shù)加減法的計(jì)算方法和連加、連減三個(gè)部分。這部分內(nèi)容是在學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)整數(shù)、小數(shù)加減法的意義及其計(jì)算方法,分?jǐn)?shù)的意義和性質(zhì),以及在三年級(jí)上冊(cè)學(xué)過的簡(jiǎn)單的同分母分?jǐn)?shù)加減法的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行教學(xué)的。為異分母分?jǐn)?shù)加減法的學(xué)習(xí)搭好階梯。2、學(xué)情分析相對(duì)整數(shù)加減運(yùn)算而言,分?jǐn)?shù)的加減運(yùn)算對(duì)于大多數(shù)學(xué)生來說是比較困難的,但是學(xué)生對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單的同分母分?jǐn)?shù)加減法計(jì)算有一定基礎(chǔ)。學(xué)生已有一定的生活經(jīng)驗(yàn),并有一定的分析和解決問題的能力,會(huì)有條理地表達(dá)自己的思考過程。3、教學(xué)目標(biāo)(1)知識(shí)與技能:掌握同分母分?jǐn)?shù)加減法的計(jì)算方法,理解相同單位的數(shù)相加減的算理及含義,并能夠正確熟練地計(jì)算。(2)過程與方法:能夠利用所學(xué)知識(shí)解決生活中的實(shí)際問題,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生應(yīng)用知識(shí)的能力。(3)情感態(tài)度與價(jià)值觀:通過小組合作學(xué)習(xí),培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的合作意識(shí)和學(xué)好數(shù)學(xué)的信心。
五、教學(xué)Section B-2c1. Pair work: What do you think of the belt/sunglasses/…? What does your father/mother/… think of your scarf/belt…?2. Group work(1). Teacher shows some different kinds of school uniforms (制服)and asks : “ What do you think of your school uniforms? If you have a chance to choose your school uniforms, what kind would you like to choose?”(2). Discuss in groups.(3).Get some Ss to report in class.說明:這一步旨在讓學(xué)生運(yùn)用已有的語言知識(shí)談?wù)搶?duì)事物的看法和意見,并簡(jiǎn)單闡明理由,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的主動(dòng)思維能力和運(yùn)用英語的能力。六、教學(xué)拓展調(diào)查電視節(jié)目的收視率任務(wù):調(diào)查你周圍的人對(duì)現(xiàn)在各種電視節(jié)目的反響?;顒?dòng)過程:1.教師布置任務(wù),讓學(xué)生調(diào)查周圍的人(包括他的親戚朋友和鄰居)喜歡收看哪方面的電視節(jié)目。2.學(xué)生進(jìn)行調(diào)查活動(dòng),運(yùn)用本單元所學(xué)的句型What do you think of….? (Why?)What's your favorite game shows?What do you think of talk show?I doesn’t mind it.I like it.I love it.I can’t stand it.3.記錄下排在前10位的TV Program,填寫調(diào)查表,比較其收視率。
2.1Match the country with the language.Step II Reading3a? let the students read the letter fast and answer the questions.? Let the students ask more questions about the letter as possible as the can.Step III Writing3b.Step IV. Pairwork2cStep V Listening2a, 2bStep V. HomeworkExercises book(1) P3Exercises book (2) P3Period FourStep I . Dictate the words and sentences in Unit1.Step II. Self-checkStep III. Check the answers for Exercises book in the unit.Step IV. Home workRevise and preparation for unit 2.教學(xué)反思:通過本單元的學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生基本可以談?wù)撊藗兊膰?guó)籍,居住城市及其所說的語言,通過書信方式去介紹自己并尋找筆友。但在涉及到國(guó)外的一些城市時(shí),學(xué)生對(duì)這方面的知識(shí)相對(duì)欠缺,能介紹的城市并不多,也反應(yīng)出學(xué)生課前預(yù)習(xí)不充分,這跟學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)條件也有關(guān),大多數(shù)學(xué)生無法通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)獲取所需信息。因此,在以后的教學(xué)中要多指導(dǎo)學(xué)生通過計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)獲取信息,拓寬知識(shí)面。
句型: Where did you go on vacation? I went to summer camp.Did she go to Central Park?Yes,she did.No, she didn’t語法:一般過去時(shí)特殊疑問句、一般疑問句及肯、否定回答。課時(shí)安排4課時(shí)第一課時(shí):Section A:la,1b,lc,2a,2b,2c 第二課時(shí):Section A:3a,3b,4第三課時(shí):Section B:1,2a,2b,2c第四課時(shí):Section B:3a,3b,3c,4 and Self Check第一課時(shí)教學(xué)目標(biāo)掌握描寫假期生活的形容詞。假期里自己所做事情的簡(jiǎn)單表達(dá)。談?wù)摷倨谧龅氖虑榧爱?dāng)時(shí)情況。談?wù)摷倨跁r(shí)旅游的天氣,旅游者以及食物等。教學(xué)過程一、導(dǎo)入播放一首英文歌曲:Let’s travel 說明:通過讓學(xué)生聽節(jié)奏歡快迪斯尼英語歌曲Let’s travel.引入本節(jié)課談?wù)摰脑掝}vacation and travel. 讓歌曲使學(xué)生的思維活躍,增強(qiáng)課堂氣氛,激發(fā)學(xué)生提高學(xué)習(xí)英語的興趣。T:How is the trip ?Ss : It’s pretty good/ happy/exciting /relaxing/busy/dangerous/ fantastic說明:這個(gè)問題是為了操練形容詞。建議讓多個(gè)Ss作答。鼓勵(lì)他們用不同的形容詞。上述個(gè)別形容詞本應(yīng)在第二課時(shí)中出現(xiàn),但可以在warming-up中第一次非正式出現(xiàn)。這些形容詞也可在老師的評(píng)價(jià)語中適時(shí)出現(xiàn),以加深學(xué)生對(duì)詞匯的印象。
Ⅰ. Teaching Aims and Demands1. Knowledge Objects(1) Key Vocabularyoversleep(2) Target LanguageWhat happened?I overslept. And by the time I got up, my brother had already gotten in the shower.2. Ability Objects(1) Teach the students to use the new words.(2) Train the students to narrate past events with the Past Perfect Tense.(3) Train the students' listening and speaking skills with the target language.3. Moral ObjectIt’s a good habit to go to bed early in the evening and get up early in the morning. So you’ll never be in a hurry in the morning.Ⅱ. Teaching Key Points1. Key Vocabularyoversleep2. Target LanguageNarrate past events with the Past Perfect TenseⅢ. Teaching Difficult Points1. Train the students to narrate past events with the Past Perfect Tense.2. Train the students to understand the target language in spoken conversation.Ⅳ. Teaching Methods1. Thinking of examples from the students' real lives.2. Making sentences by looking at the pictures.Ⅴ. Teaching AidA tape recorderⅥ. Teaching ProceduresStep I Revision1. Revise the language points in Unit 8.Ask some questions like this: What volunteer work would you like to do?Help the students to answer, I’d like to…/I love to…/I hope to2. Practice the dialogue in Activity 3c on page 62 again. Get students to role play the similar dialogues with the following.
1. 教材分析本單元以how do things affect you?為話題, 從顏色、天氣、音樂、廣告、產(chǎn)品等方面談?wù)摿送饨缡挛锶绾斡绊懭说男那椤R髮W(xué)生掌握表達(dá)某物或某事給人帶來的感覺、看法或影響等。共設(shè)計(jì)了四個(gè)部分的內(nèi)容:Section A 該部分有4個(gè)模塊:第一模塊圍繞Which restaurant would you like to go to?這一話題展開思維(1a)、聽力(1b)、口語(1c)訓(xùn)練;第二模塊圍繞How does music affect you? 進(jìn)行聽力(2a-2b)、口語訓(xùn)練(2c);第三模塊繼續(xù)圍繞how do colors in the restaurant affect you這一話題展開訓(xùn)練,訓(xùn)練形式為閱讀和問題體驗(yàn)(3a)和小組活動(dòng)(3b);第四模塊仍就How do things affect you這一話題以調(diào)查的形式展開討論。Section B該部分有4個(gè)模塊:第一模塊圍繞產(chǎn)品廣告對(duì)人們的影響這一話題以“配對(duì)”(1a)與“列舉”(1b)兩種形式展開訓(xùn)練;第二模塊繼續(xù)圍繞How do things affect you? 進(jìn)行聽力(2a-2b)、口語對(duì)話訓(xùn)練(2c);第三模塊圍繞“Advertising”這一話題展開閱讀(3a-3b)和寫作(3c)訓(xùn)練;第四模塊圍繞How posters affect you這一話題以口語訓(xùn)練形式展開小組活動(dòng)。
所需要用到的句子:Who is that?That is Jack. I like him.Why do you like him?I like him because he is interesting.Task 4: 設(shè)計(jì)理想中的人類Step one: 設(shè)計(jì)理想中的人類的外貌。把全班同學(xué)分成若干小組,學(xué)生可以邊說邊在紙上畫出他們的模樣。Step two: 設(shè)計(jì)理想中人類的性格。學(xué)生們可以把那些能描述性格的單詞寫在圖畫的旁邊。Step three: 每組選出一名同學(xué),其他同組同學(xué)提問,他作簡(jiǎn)單回答,并說明原因。所需用到的句子:What does he or she look like?He or she ...What is he or she like?He or she is ...Why?Because ...Task 5: 挑戰(zhàn)性活動(dòng)調(diào)查性格是天生的還是后天形成的,讓每個(gè)同學(xué)回家去調(diào)查一下自己成長(zhǎng)過程中性格是否有變化,具體是怎樣的,為什么會(huì)這樣? Teaching Aims:1. Enable students to have a general understanding of how to talk about people's physical appearance.2. Enable students to tackle some essential vocabularies and patterns about describing people. Provide them with necessary skills and methods.3. Create various chances for students to describe the persons they're familiar with, such as classmates, family members, teachers, idols, etc.
Step Ⅰ RevisionCheck homework. Ask a few students to read the article in 3a.Then ask a few students to read their guides.Step Ⅱ Part 1Look at the words in the box. Ask a student to read them. Make sure the students understand the meaning of the words. You are to fill in the blanks with the words. In some cases, students may need to use another form of the word, for example adjusting for tense or subject/ verb agreement.Ask students to fill in the blanks on their own.Check the answers. Step ⅢPart 2Go through the instructions with the class.Look at the example with the students.Ask students what the answer would be.Ask a student to read the question and answer it.Excuse me, could you tell me where the bank is, please?The bank is across the street from the shopping malt.Get students to complete the work in pairs.Check the answers. Ask a few students to read their questions.Step Ⅳ Just for Fun!Ask all the students to read the conversation. Ask: What is funny about this cartoon? Help students to explain. A Martian is a person from the planet Mars.There is no such thing as Martian food on Earth, and the clerk looks silly because he is trying to think of where there is a Martian restaurant.Invite some pairs of students to present this conversation to the rest of the class.Step Ⅴ Summary and HomeworkIn this class, we’ve done much writing practice using the key vocabulary words and the target language presented in this unit. After class, please finish the questions in 2 in your exercise books. Then finish the exercises on pages 47~48 of the workbook as well.The Seventh Period Ⅰ Teaching Aims and Demands1. Knowledge Objects(1) Key Vocabularyimage, adventure, jealousy, hero, crime, journey, brave, no longer, show interest in, take it easy, become interested in, plain looks(2)Text:Grown-ups like cartoons, too.2. Ability Objects(1) Fast-reading to get a general idea of the text.(2) Careful-reading to get the detailed information in the text.
教學(xué)過程Step 1: warming-up Sing a song---------“food and drink” Step 2: Revision1 Dictation2 Revise: What kind of noodles would you like?I’d like …What size bowl of noodles would you like?I’d like…Step 3: Presentation1 show pictures of food, ask students say the words.2 Students read the newspaper ad in 3a. Fill in blanks with words in the box. Then read the ad together, the teacher explains some difficult language points.3 Check the answers Step 4 PracticeAsk students to finish 3b in the same way according to 3a. Students read the short passage and fill in the blanks .At last, check the answers.Step 5 productionAsk students to write their own ad for dumplings, noodles, drinks, and other foods they know. Then ask students to read their partner’s ad. Then order food and drink from their partner.Step 6 Home workGroup work – make an ad about “food and drink”
(1)Have you ever been to …? Yes, I have. / Yes, I have ever been to …No, I haven’t. / No, I have never been to …(2)When did you go there? I went there last year. (3)I have never been to a water park. Neither have I. I have ever been to an amusement park. So have I. (4)How long have you been studying English? I’ve been studying English since nine o’clock. I’ve been studying English since I came back home. I’ve been studying English for five hours. (5)What’s that? It’s an amusement park in Japan. I’ve never been to an amusement park like it before. It’s fun to learn another language. Let’s go tonight. Isn’t this great?space museum, amusement park, water park, South America, Peru, Holland, European culture, tour guide, flight attendant, musical instrument, more than, be from, get to, take lessons, neither, discover, graduate, change
教師帶領(lǐng)學(xué)生復(fù)習(xí)有關(guān)描述寵物的詞匯,采用教師提問學(xué)生回答的方進(jìn)行。如:T:What animals do you think would be good pets?What animals do you think would be bad pets?What do you think are good animals for a six-year-old child?然后學(xué)生進(jìn)行 pairwork 練習(xí)。Task two: 師生互動(dòng),學(xué)習(xí)探究 1、播放3a部分的錄音,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生一邊聽錄音,一邊跟讀。2、通過聽錄音學(xué)生回答以下問題:Why do you think pot-bellied pigs are popular?What are the advantages and disadvantages of keeping such a pet?教師對(duì)學(xué)生的回答進(jìn)行及時(shí)點(diǎn)評(píng)。3.學(xué)習(xí)范文,學(xué)習(xí)重點(diǎn)短語,為下步的模仿寫作提供語言素材。T :1. )Have you ever kept a pig as a pet?Do you like pigs? St.:No.…Why don’t you like to keep a pig? St: No.They’re too dirty and lazy(Do you know in some foreign countries like Hollyland, Australia,pigs are the most popular pet.there’s a kind of pig.(圖)it has an interesting name? it ‘s called a pot-bellied pig.) Now,let’s learn an article about this kind of interesting pet.2.)play the tapeSt.:Listen and repeat3.)show some Qs on computer(本子St.: read silently,then answerthe Qs(本子)4.)Ask ss. Close book and retell this passage.(what is a pot-bellied pig? Is it a good or bad pet? ) St.: retell it to each other“A pot –bellied pig is a popular pet now…”5.read the article together.St.:.practice reading
Step 4. Group work (4)1. Ask a pair of students to read the dialogue. Say, This activity provides speaking, listening and writing practice using the target language.2. Ask students to complete the work in groups.3. Check the answers with the whole class. 4. Explain some of the language points. Step 5. Word review (Self check 1)1. Ask students to read the words and the phrases given. 2. Fill in the blanks with proper forms of these words to complete the sentences. 3. Check the answers with the whole class. Homework:Do activity 2 on page 57 after class. Period 6Teaching aims: 1. Teach vocabulary words and the useful expressions. 2. Enable the students to learn etiquette in different culture. 3. Help the students learn how to behave politely in public places and in daily life. Teaching procedures:Step 1. RevisionHelp students to review the function of making requests through a free talk. Then lead them to the topic of etiquette. Explain the meaning of etiquette. Or, ask students to look it up in the dictionary. Step 2. Pre-reading (Section 1)1. Ask students to read the picture and make a list with their partner about how many rules of etiquette can be seen being broken.
Talk about offering help (P60)I’ll help clean up the city parks.A: I’d like to work ...B: You could help ...Talk about ways to tell people about the Clean-Up Day (P61)We need to ...We can’t ...I’ll ...Talk about the work the volunteers do (P62)These three students all volunteer their time to help other people.Somebody loves to ... / helps ... / plans to ... / wants to ...A: What do you like doing?B: I like ... A: What kind of volunteer work do you think I could do?B: You could ...1. 重點(diǎn)詞匯advertisement, fix, repair, pleasure, blind, deaf, shut, carry, specially, fetch2. 認(rèn)讀詞匯hunger, homeless, cheer, clean-up, sign, establish, major, commitment, elementary, veterinarian, coach, similar, call-in, strategy, disabled, organization, unable, support, appreciate, donation, part of speech, pronoun, adverb, preposition, conjunction, donate, Jimmy, Sally3. 詞組clean up, cheer up, give out, put off, set up, think up, take after, fix up, give away, put up, hand out, work out, at once
教學(xué)目標(biāo):1. 掌握本單元一些重點(diǎn)詞匯的寫法和用法。2. 學(xué)會(huì)自如談?wù)摬妥蓝Y儀。Step 1 RevisionAsk some students to retell the customs at the table in France in the passage in 3a.Step 2 Self checkPart 1. Fill in each bland with the correct word given. Students do the exercises by themselves at first. Then check the answers. Ask the students to comprehend the sentences and help them point out uses of some words, like “arrive (at / in) sw., spend time / money on sth , spend time / money (in) doing sth.”Part 2. Read about Fan Ling’s experience in a western restaurant. Understand the passage. Point out some key points in the passage.1. be / get used to doing sth. 習(xí)慣做某事2. begin with = start with 以….開頭3. crowd v. 擠滿,塞滿 the crowd 人群 crowded adj. 擁擠的Then students discuss about how she would solve her problem. Ask some to share their stories with others.Part 3. Complete the crossword by looking at the sentences on the left. Then check the answers.
【課時(shí)安排】 1課時(shí)【教學(xué)過程】1.回顧梳理、歸納總結(jié)。師:我們學(xué)過哪些立體圖形?生:長(zhǎng)方體、正方體、圓柱體、圓錐體師:它們分別有哪些特征?師生共同總結(jié)立體圖形的特征。 課件演示:長(zhǎng)方體的特征:6個(gè)面是長(zhǎng)方形(特殊情況有兩個(gè)對(duì)面是正方形)相對(duì)的面完全相同;12條棱,相對(duì)的4條棱長(zhǎng)度相等;8個(gè)頂點(diǎn)。正方體的特征:6個(gè)面都相等,都是正方形;12條棱都相等;8個(gè)頂點(diǎn)。圓柱的特征:上下兩個(gè)面是完全相同的圓形,側(cè)面是一個(gè)曲面,沿高展開一般是個(gè)長(zhǎng)方形。上下一樣粗;有無數(shù)條高,每條高長(zhǎng)度都相等。
(一)觀圖激趣、設(shè)疑導(dǎo)入 出示課件的第二張幻燈片。師:請(qǐng)說出與老師相反的詞語或句子。向上看。向東走50米。小維在知識(shí)競(jìng)賽中贏了20分。小明在銀行存入300元錢。零上10℃。生:……。師:這就是我們今天要學(xué)習(xí)的負(fù)數(shù)。板書:負(fù)數(shù)(二)探究新知1、出示課件的第三張幻燈片。師:請(qǐng)大家仔細(xì)觀察上圖,你發(fā)現(xiàn)什么問題?學(xué)生以小組為單位交流。學(xué)生以小組為單位匯報(bào)交流結(jié)果。生:0℃表示什么意思呢?生:3℃和-3℃表示的意思一樣嗎?師:小組內(nèi)交流解決上述問題。學(xué)生以小組為單位探究交流。學(xué)生以小組為單位匯報(bào)探究交流結(jié)果。老師對(duì)學(xué)生匯報(bào)給予適當(dāng)?shù)脑u(píng)價(jià)。老師課件出示答案。師:0℃表示淡水結(jié)冰的溫度,比0℃低的溫度叫零下溫度,通常在數(shù)字前加“-”(負(fù)號(hào)),如-3 ℃表示零下3攝氏度,讀作負(fù)三攝氏度;比0℃高的溫度叫零上溫度,在數(shù)字前加“+”(正號(hào)),一般情況下可省略不寫:如+3℃表示零上三攝氏度,讀作正三攝氏度,也可以寫成3℃,讀作三攝氏度。
1. 課前觀看視頻《物理學(xué)與人類文明》2. 分組討論,派代表發(fā)言,談學(xué)習(xí)感受。主要是物理的地位,物理的學(xué)習(xí)方法。3. 高中物理與初中物理在內(nèi)容和方法上的區(qū)別高中物理除了現(xiàn)象、概念和規(guī)律之外還應(yīng)該關(guān)注研究問題的方法,學(xué)會(huì)從先想到抽象,從定性到定量研究問題,學(xué)會(huì)用數(shù)學(xué)方法解決物理問題,學(xué)會(huì)實(shí)驗(yàn)探究,學(xué)會(huì)獨(dú)立分析問題解決問題的思維習(xí)慣。4. 高中物理學(xué)習(xí)的基本要求高中物理學(xué)習(xí)應(yīng)該“重視實(shí)驗(yàn),勤于思考”和“經(jīng)歷過程,體驗(yàn)方法”。高中物理學(xué)習(xí)與初中物理學(xué)習(xí)雖然有一定區(qū)別,但也不是孤立的,要繼續(xù)堅(jiān)持初中物理學(xué)習(xí)中積累的學(xué)習(xí)方法和體會(huì),重視從正反兩個(gè)方面加以總結(jié)和提煉,做到:(1) 認(rèn)真閱讀,學(xué)會(huì)自學(xué)要學(xué)好物理,就要認(rèn)真閱讀課本。閱讀課本是要抓住關(guān)鍵詞語,弄清語句間的邏輯順序和因果關(guān)系,領(lǐng)會(huì)文章段落所表達(dá)的物理內(nèi)容,掌握課本敘述物理問題的表達(dá)方法。
八、物理學(xué)的基礎(chǔ)地位及物理學(xué)對(duì)人類文明、社會(huì)進(jìn)步的影響。(1) 情景一:磁懸浮實(shí)驗(yàn):找兩個(gè)空心的圓柱片磁鐵,同名磁極相對(duì),穿在同一根竹筷上,用手壓下上面的磁鐵,松手觀察它的運(yùn)動(dòng)情況。問題1:上面的磁鐵為什么會(huì)跳起來,為什么會(huì)懸浮在下面的磁鐵上方?問題2:根據(jù)這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn),你會(huì)想到那一種交通工具?總結(jié):人們就是從磁懸浮現(xiàn)象中得到啟發(fā),進(jìn)行磁懸浮列車的研究和制造的,這說明物理學(xué)在推動(dòng)社會(huì)進(jìn)步、人類文明方面起到推動(dòng)作用。(2) 情景二:感應(yīng)起電和火花放電實(shí)驗(yàn):用感應(yīng)起電機(jī)或感應(yīng)圈產(chǎn)生火花放電,讓學(xué)生觀察現(xiàn)象,聞氣味,然后聯(lián)想生活實(shí)例。還可以用一張紙?jiān)囍鴵踝》烹姷幕」?,最好能引燃紙張,說明雷擊引起火災(zāi)的現(xiàn)象。問題1:你看、聽到了什么現(xiàn)象?問題2:根據(jù)這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn),你會(huì)想到那一種自然現(xiàn)象?問題3:放電發(fā)生在什么地方?為什么建筑物上方都有尖尖的設(shè)置,是干什么用的?問題4:你聞到什么氣味了嗎?