【深入研讀,探究方法】1.思路清晰、縝密。開(kāi)頭緊扣論題,由“格物致知”的出處,引出對(duì)其含義的理解以及我國(guó)古代并不重視真正的“格物致知”的原因分析,澄清人們的錯(cuò)誤認(rèn)識(shí);接著作者從實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程的兩個(gè)特點(diǎn)、中國(guó)學(xué)生存在的問(wèn)題和作者自己的親身經(jīng)驗(yàn)三個(gè)方面分析真正的“格物致知”精神的重要性;最后指出真正的“格物致知”精神的兩個(gè)意義,并發(fā)出號(hào)召。全文思路清晰,說(shuō)理嚴(yán)密。2.舉例論證、道理論證和對(duì)比論證相結(jié)合,論述充分有力。文章在列舉事例時(shí),采用正面事例和反面事例相結(jié)合的說(shuō)理方法。如反面事例,文中第4段舉了王陽(yáng)明“格”竹子的事例,證明了中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)的教育并不重視真正的格物致知;在第11段擺了中國(guó)學(xué)生大都偏向理論輕視實(shí)驗(yàn)的事實(shí);第12段又舉了自己到美國(guó)念物理時(shí)吃的苦頭。
②林沖無(wú)辜受害,被刺配到滄州,遠(yuǎn)離了京城,高俅一伙,陸謙、富安又追到滄州,在李小二的酒店里密謀陷害林沖。林沖從李小二那里聽(tīng)說(shuō)了這件事之后是什么態(tài)度?表現(xiàn)出林沖的什么性格?明確:林沖聽(tīng)到李小二的報(bào)信,并確知從東京來(lái)的尷尬人就是陸虞候時(shí),馬上意識(shí)到“那潑賤賊”是要“來(lái)這里害我”,他識(shí)破了仇人的陰謀,激起了復(fù)仇的怒火,氣憤地說(shuō):“休要撞著我,只叫他骨肉為泥!”說(shuō)罷,便怒沖沖地“先去街上買把解腕尖刀,帶在身上,前街后巷一地里去尋”,次日,“帶了刀,又去滄州城里城外,小街夾巷,團(tuán)團(tuán)尋了一日”。這說(shuō)明,當(dāng)迫害逼到眼前時(shí),林沖也具有了強(qiáng)烈的反抗意識(shí)。但是,“街上尋了三五日,不見(jiàn)消耗”時(shí),“林沖也自心下慢了”,對(duì)仇人有所懷疑,卻失去了應(yīng)有的警惕性,剛剛點(diǎn)燃起來(lái)的復(fù)仇怒火又慢慢熄滅了。這說(shuō)明林沖的反抗并不堅(jiān)決,幻想得過(guò)且過(guò),委曲求全。
該板塊的活動(dòng)主題是“介紹一個(gè)有顯著文化特征的地方”( Describe a place with distinctive cultural identity)。該板塊通過(guò)介紹中國(guó)城繼續(xù)聚焦中國(guó)文化。本單元主題圖呈現(xiàn)的是舊金山中國(guó)城的典型景象, Reading and Thinking部分也提到中國(guó)城,為該板塊作鋪墊。介紹中國(guó)城的目的主要是體現(xiàn)中國(guó)文化與美國(guó)多元文化的關(guān)系,它是美國(guó)多元文化的重要組成部分。中國(guó)城也是海外華人的精神家園和傳播中國(guó)文化的重要窗口,外國(guó)人在中國(guó)城能近距離體驗(yàn)中國(guó)文化。1. Read the text to understand the cultural characteristics of Chinatown in San Francisco and the relationship between Chinese culture and American multiculturalism;2. Through reading, learn to comb the main information of the article, understand the author's writing purpose and writing characteristics;3. Learn to give a comprehensive, accurate, and organized description of the city or town you live in;Learn to revise and evaluate your writing.Importance:1. Guide the students to read the introduction of Chinatown in San Francisco and grasp its writing characteristics;2. Guide students to introduce their city or town in a comprehensive, accurate and organized way;3. Learn to comb the main information of the article, understand the author's writing purpose, and master the core vocabulary.
Activity 81.Grasp the main idea of the listening.Listen to the tape and answer the following questions:Who are the two speakers in the listening? What is their relationship?What is the main idea of the first part of the listening? How about the second part?2.Complete the passage.Ask the students to quickly review the summaries of the two listening materials in activity 2. Then play the recording for the second time.Ask them to complete the passage and fill in the blanks.3.Play the recording again and ask the students to use the structure diagram to comb the information structure in the listening.(While listening, take notes. Capture key information quickly and accurately.)Step 8 Talking Activity 91.Focus on the listening text.Listen to the students and listen to the tape. Let them understand the attitudes of Wu Yue and Justin in the conversation.How does Wu Yue feel about Chinese minority cultures?What does Justin think of the Miao and Dong cultures?How do you know that?2.learn functional items that express concerns.Ask students to focus on the expressions listed in activity. 3.And try to analyze the meaning they convey, including praise (Super!).Agree (Exactly!)"(You're kidding.!)Tell me more about it. Tell me more about it.For example, "Yeah Sure." "Definitely!" "Certainly!" "No kidding!" "No wonder!" and so on.4.Ask the students to have conversations in small groups, acting as Jsim and his friends.Justin shares his travels in Guizhou with friends and his thoughts;Justin's friends should give appropriate feedback, express their interest in relevant information, and ask for information when necessary.In order to enrich the dialogue, teachers can expand and supplement the introduction of Miao, dong, Lusheng and Dong Dage.After the group practice, the teacher can choose several groups of students to show, and let the rest of the students listen carefully, after listening to the best performance of the group, and give at least two reasons.
蘇聯(lián)文學(xué)的沿革,既反映了蘇聯(lián)社會(huì)的偉大思想性變革,又反映了蘇聯(lián)文壇活躍與混亂并存的局面,特別是其所具有強(qiáng)烈的意識(shí)形態(tài)色彩是蘇聯(lián)社會(huì)深層次變化的風(fēng)向標(biāo)。(2)20世紀(jì)的亞、非、拉美文學(xué)20世紀(jì)亞、非、拉美文學(xué)的繁榮伴隨著民族民主運(yùn)動(dòng)的高漲,其主流都體現(xiàn)了反對(duì)殖民壓迫、反對(duì)社會(huì)不公的愛(ài)國(guó)主義精神。出現(xiàn)了許多頗有影響的作家和作品。泰戈?duì)柺怯《冉F(xiàn)代文學(xué)的光輝代表,為印度現(xiàn)代民族主義奠定了基礎(chǔ)。其代表作《戈拉》塑造了愛(ài)國(guó)的印度民族主義知識(shí)分子形象。泰戈?duì)柺鞘孜猾@諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)的東方作家。魯迅是中國(guó)文學(xué)革命的巨匠,他的《吶喊》集,昭示著中國(guó)新文學(xué)時(shí)代的到來(lái)。哥倫比亞作家馬爾克斯的《百年孤獨(dú)》,描繪加勒比海沿岸小城百年孤獨(dú)的原因及打破這種狀態(tài)的途徑。
The price is the same as(the price was)before the war.價(jià)格與戰(zhàn)前相同。(4)定語(yǔ)從句中的“關(guān)系代詞+助動(dòng)詞be”可以省略。The ticket(that/which was)booked by his sister has been sent to him.他妹妹訂的那張票已送到了他那里。Step 5 PracticeActivity 3(1) Guide students to complete the four activities in the Using Structures part of exercise book, in which activities 1 and 2 focus on ellipsis in dialogue answers, activity 3 focus on signs and headlines, two typical situations where ellipsis is used, and activity 4 focus on ellipsis in diary, an informal style.(2) Combine the examples in the above activities, ask students to summarize the omitted situations in groups, and make their own summary into a poster, and post it on the class wall after class to share with the class.(This step should give full play to the subjectivity of students, and teachers should encourage students to conclude different ellipsis phenomena according to their own understanding, they can conclude according to the different parts omitted in the sentence.)Step 6 Homework1. Understand and master the usages of ellipsis;2. Finish the other exercises in Using structures of Workbook.1、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生是否理解和掌握省略的用法;2、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境或情景恢復(fù)句子中省略的成分,體會(huì)使用省略的效果;3、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否獨(dú)立完成練習(xí)冊(cè)和導(dǎo)學(xué)案中的相關(guān)練習(xí)。
(2)Consolidate key vocabulary.Ask the students to complete the exercises of activity 6 by themselves. Then ask them to check the answers with their partners.(The first language:Damage of the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and fire.A second language: Yunnan - one of the most diverse provinces in China).Step 5 Language points1. The teacher asks the students to read the text carefully, find out the more words and long and difficult sentences in the text and draw lines, understand the use of vocabulary, and analyze the structure of long and difficult sentences.2. The teacher explains and summarizes the usage of core vocabulary and asks the students to take notes.3. The teacher analyzes and explains the long and difficult sentences that the students don't understand, so that the students can understand them better.Step 6 Homework1. Read the text again, in-depth understanding of the text;2. Master the use of core vocabulary and understand the long and difficult sentences.3. Complete relevant exercises in the guide plan.1、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生是否理解和掌握閱讀文本中的新詞匯的意義與用法;2、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否結(jié)合文本特點(diǎn)了解文章的結(jié)構(gòu)和作者的寫作邏輯;3、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否了解舊金山的城市風(fēng)貌、文化特色,以及加利福尼亞州的歷史,體會(huì)多元文化對(duì)美國(guó)的影響。
1.改善城市環(huán)境:治理河流、控制大氣污染物、大力加強(qiáng)綠化建設(shè)為改善城市環(huán)境,上海市全面展開(kāi)對(duì)大氣、河流、噪聲等多方面的治理工作。如蘇州河的治理、降低城市污染物濃度、加強(qiáng)綠化建設(shè),截止1990年,市區(qū)綠化覆蓋率達(dá)到20.3%。2.改善城市交通、改善居住條件擴(kuò)寬主干道,修建環(huán)城公路,修筑了南浦大橋和揚(yáng)浦大橋,新修城市高架公路和地鐵,改造住宅。3.控制城市規(guī)模建立衛(wèi)星城,開(kāi)發(fā)新區(qū),有效地控制城市中心區(qū)的規(guī)模。思考:什么時(shí)候許多國(guó)家采取措施保護(hù)和改善城市環(huán)境?你認(rèn)為可以采取哪些措施來(lái)保護(hù)和改善城市環(huán)境?上海市保護(hù)和改善城市環(huán)境的措施:上海的衛(wèi)星城有哪些?上海新建了哪個(gè)新區(qū)?目前浦東新區(qū)在上海的地位如何?建立衛(wèi)星城和開(kāi)發(fā)新區(qū)可以起到什么作用?上海市為改善交通條件,做了哪些工作?
【設(shè)計(jì)思想】詩(shī)歌教學(xué)的關(guān)鍵是感受詩(shī)景,體味詩(shī)情,領(lǐng)悟詩(shī)意,在此基礎(chǔ)上孕育理解能力、鑒賞能力和審美情感。詩(shī)景、詩(shī)情、詩(shī)意均由文字來(lái)承載,把握文字組合的張力,是讀詩(shī)賞詩(shī)的抓手。杜甫的詩(shī)歌素以煉字精深、涵蓋深遠(yuǎn)著稱,以《登高》而言,往往淡淡一字,平平一語(yǔ),便籠大千于方寸,縮古今于一瞬。故細(xì)讀文本,咀嚼字句,便是賞景、悟情、會(huì)意的基本路徑。其次,不朽名作的特點(diǎn)是寄寓深廣,古今評(píng)價(jià)甚多,見(jiàn)仁見(jiàn)智,不一而足。這正是培養(yǎng)學(xué)生問(wèn)題意識(shí)、探究意識(shí)的極好憑借。第三,詩(shī)為語(yǔ)言之精華,是詩(shī)人心里涌出的情感之流。誦讀乃賞詩(shī)之要著,精心感悟之時(shí),設(shè)身處地,心惟口誦,是理解詩(shī)意的關(guān)鍵一步?;谑牵P者作如下同課異構(gòu),殊途同歸?!窘虒W(xué)目標(biāo)】1.理解本詩(shī)所繪之景、所抒之情及繪景、抒情之法。2.學(xué)會(huì)用意象疊加法、字句推敲法、誦讀體驗(yàn)法等欣賞詩(shī)歌。3.感受杜甫心系蒼生、情寄邦國(guó)、憂國(guó)憂民、兼濟(jì)天下的博大情懷。
4、問(wèn)題討論(1)巴爾扎克小說(shuō)在法國(guó)文學(xué)史上的地位?在法國(guó)文學(xué)史的地位:隨著巴爾扎克在法國(guó)文壇上的如日中天,他漸漸地被他的時(shí)代的作家所認(rèn)識(shí)。戈蒂耶第一個(gè)站出來(lái)熱情地贊揚(yáng)巴爾扎克的天才。此后喬治·桑、波德萊爾、福樓拜、左拉對(duì)他贊譽(yù)有加。雨果甚至在巴爾扎克的葬禮上說(shuō):“在最偉大的人物中間,巴爾扎克屬于頭等的一個(gè),在最優(yōu)秀的人物中間,巴爾扎克是出類拔萃的一個(gè)。他的才智是驚人的,不同凡響的成就,不是眼下說(shuō)的盡的……”人道主義斗士法朗士對(duì)文體非??燎?,他深請(qǐng)地說(shuō):“他是他那個(gè)時(shí)代的社會(huì)的洞察入微的歷史家。他比任何人都善于使我們更好地了解從舊制度想新制度的過(guò)度?!碧貏e強(qiáng)調(diào):“從塑造形象和深度來(lái)說(shuō),沒(méi)有人能比得上巴爾扎克?!焙髞?lái)的作家莫洛業(yè)說(shuō):“巴爾扎克不僅僅是十九世紀(jì)的優(yōu)秀作家,他堪稱最偉大的小說(shuō)家,這在今天幾乎是一致的看法?!?/p>
一、引入:教師列舉以下言論,讓學(xué)生辨出哪些是孟子的,哪些不是。學(xué)生不知道的,由教師說(shuō)出。學(xué)生不理解的,教師作簡(jiǎn)要解說(shuō)。1.天將降大任于是人也,必先苦其心志,勞其筋骨,餓其體膚,空乏其身,行拂亂其所為。所以動(dòng)心忍性,曾益其所不能。(孟子)2.域民不以封疆之界,固國(guó)不以山溪之險(xiǎn),威天下不以兵革之利。得道者多助,失道者寡助。(孟子)3.魚,亦我所欲也,熊掌,亦我所欲也,二者不可得兼,舍魚而取熊掌者也。生,亦我所欲也,義,亦我所欲也,二者不可得兼,舍生而取義者也。(孟子)4.富貴不能淫,貧賤不能移,威武不能屈。(孟子)5.非禮勿視,非禮勿聽(tīng),非禮勿言,非禮勿動(dòng)。(孔子)6.無(wú)惻隱之心非人也,無(wú)羞惡之心非人也,無(wú)辭讓之心非人也,無(wú)是非之心非人也。(孟子)7.庖有肥肉,廄有肥馬,民有饑色,野有餓殍。(孟子)8.人性之善也,猶水之就下也;人無(wú)有不善,水無(wú)有不下。(孟子)9.民為貴,社稷次之,君為輕。(孟子)10.君子坦蕩蕩,小人常戚戚。(孔子)
(一)導(dǎo)入[以視頻欣賞導(dǎo)入]同學(xué)們,剛才欣賞的是大家熟悉、喜歡的電視劇《亮劍》中的精彩片段——李云龍論述什么是“亮劍”精神?同學(xué)們聽(tīng)后覺(jué)得好不好?牛不牛?“亮劍”精神簡(jiǎn)單理解就是敢于與強(qiáng)大的敵人(對(duì)手)做斗爭(zhēng),無(wú)論對(duì)手多么強(qiáng)大,都要滿腔勇氣和信心,永不放棄、永不言敗,要敢于亮劍……今天我們一起來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)世界100部著名文學(xué)作品之一、美國(guó)里程碑式30部文學(xué)作品之一的世界名著——海明威的《老人與?!罚纯粗魅斯L醽喐纭坝矟h”性格和李云龍“亮劍”精神有么相似的地方。(請(qǐng)同學(xué)們翻到課文,課件顯示課題《老人與?!罚ǘ┳哌M(jìn)作者:請(qǐng)同學(xué)們自己談收集到的有關(guān)海明威的資料,然后教師梳理出下列核心內(nèi)容識(shí)記:(課件顯示)海明威(1899~1961),美國(guó)現(xiàn)代作家,20世紀(jì)美國(guó)文學(xué)史上最耀眼的名字之一。早期作品表現(xiàn)了第一次世界大戰(zhàn)青年一代的彷徨情緒,以“迷惘的一代”的代表著稱。20世紀(jì)末回到美國(guó),寫了不小以拳擊家、漁民、獵人等為主人公的短篇小說(shuō),創(chuàng)造了“硬漢子”性格。
【本課小結(jié)】本課主要講述了古代中國(guó)土地制度的發(fā)展情況。明清的資本主義萌芽,是中國(guó)封建社會(huì)內(nèi)部產(chǎn)生的新生事物。但資本主義萌芽受到的封建王朝“重農(nóng)抑商”和“閉關(guān)鎖國(guó)”政策的阻礙。正是這種“閉關(guān)鎖國(guó)”與“重農(nóng)抑商”政策相結(jié)合,導(dǎo)致了資本主義萌芽的緩慢發(fā)展,并使中國(guó)與世隔絕,不能及時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)西方先進(jìn)的科學(xué)技術(shù),使中國(guó)落后于世界潮流,從而埋下了日后落后挨打的禍根。【智能訓(xùn)練】閱讀下列材料:材料一自耕農(nóng)是封建國(guó)家直接剝削的對(duì)象。為了保證賦稅、徭役的供應(yīng),封建國(guó)家歷來(lái)關(guān)注這一階層的存在。“穩(wěn)定小農(nóng)”是封建王朝長(zhǎng)治久安的良策,每一個(gè)新王朝建立時(shí),對(duì)此尤為關(guān)注。他們總是采取鼓勵(lì)墾荒等政策,積極培植自耕農(nóng)。誠(chéng)然,自耕農(nóng)這一階層是很不穩(wěn)定的,經(jīng)常分化。
【教學(xué)參考】對(duì)“新政”作用的評(píng)價(jià)史學(xué)界對(duì)“新政”作用的評(píng)價(jià)是仁者見(jiàn)仁、智者見(jiàn)智,但基本上有三種觀點(diǎn),即“功大于過(guò)論”、“過(guò)大于功論”和“功過(guò)參半論”。持“功大于過(guò)論”者認(rèn)為“新政”在美國(guó)歷史上基本上是一種進(jìn)步現(xiàn)象,首先,“新政”挽救了危機(jī),使美國(guó)人民擺脫了危機(jī)的困苦局面;其次,在缺少足夠的宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策知識(shí)的時(shí)代,羅斯福所做的努力確實(shí)是開(kāi)創(chuàng)性的;再次,羅斯福“新政”開(kāi)啟了美國(guó)以后歷屆政府實(shí)施國(guó)家干預(yù)政策的大門,成為緩解自由主義經(jīng)濟(jì)制度之弊病的一劑良方,并在實(shí)質(zhì)上加強(qiáng)了美國(guó)聯(lián)邦政府的權(quán)威;最后,在30年代資本主義世界經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)的背景下,同日本、德國(guó)為轉(zhuǎn)嫁危機(jī)而發(fā)動(dòng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的策略相比,“新政”無(wú)疑代表了一種進(jìn)步、民主的解救危機(jī)方式。持“過(guò)大于功論”者認(rèn)為“新政”未能使美國(guó)走出蕭條、步入繁榮。
【明確】“一夫當(dāng)關(guān),萬(wàn)夫莫開(kāi)”言劍閣有易守難攻的險(xiǎn)要形勢(shì),暗示中央朝廷的部隊(duì)很不容易打進(jìn)來(lái),因而野心家可以據(jù)險(xiǎn)發(fā)動(dòng)叛亂,“化為狼與豺”,搞地方割據(jù)。如果割據(jù)勢(shì)力之間出現(xiàn)矛盾沖突,難免要發(fā)生混戰(zhàn),結(jié)果必定是“殺人如麻”。詩(shī)人這番預(yù)言在十多年后就得到了證實(shí):從上元二年到大歷初即有段子璋、徐知道、崔旰等人相繼發(fā)動(dòng)叛亂。詩(shī)人的意圖是要嚴(yán)防野心家發(fā)難。詩(shī)人從劍閣的險(xiǎn)要引出對(duì)政治形勢(shì)的描寫。他化用西晉張載《劍閣銘》中形勝之地,匪親勿居的語(yǔ)句,目的在于勸人引以為鑒戒,警惕戰(zhàn)亂的發(fā)生,并聯(lián)系當(dāng)時(shí)的社會(huì)背景,揭露了蜀中豺狼的磨牙吮血,殺人如麻,這既是描寫蜀道猛獸,又是影射政治黑暗的雙關(guān)語(yǔ)句,表達(dá)了對(duì)國(guó)事的憂慮與關(guān)切,為詩(shī)篇增加了現(xiàn)實(shí)的內(nèi)涵、深厚的意蘊(yùn)。唐天寶初年,太平景象背后正潛伏著危機(jī),后來(lái)發(fā)生的安史之亂,證明詩(shī)人的憂慮是有現(xiàn)實(shí)意義的。
一、內(nèi)容與解析從古代運(yùn)用天文方法確定耕作時(shí)間,到現(xiàn)代對(duì)宇宙形成演變的種種假設(shè),對(duì)宇宙的探索,已經(jīng)成為人類生活的一部分。宇宙從何而來(lái),向何而去,人類從何而來(lái),向何而去,這些基本問(wèn)題不僅具有科學(xué)意義,而且具有哲學(xué)的意味。以前教材中沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)過(guò)解說(shuō)詞,但是在日常生活中,我們經(jīng)常接觸到各類解說(shuō)詞,可以讓學(xué)生聯(lián)系實(shí)際,了解解說(shuō)詞的特點(diǎn);也可以找來(lái)其他科學(xué)電視片,結(jié)合視覺(jué)畫面,讓學(xué)生全面地感受解說(shuō)詞的特點(diǎn)。二、教學(xué)目標(biāo)及解析(一)教學(xué)目標(biāo)1.引導(dǎo)學(xué)生聯(lián)系實(shí)際,了解解說(shuō)詞的特點(diǎn)。2.引導(dǎo)學(xué)生了解一些有關(guān)宇宙的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)。3.引導(dǎo)學(xué)生借助文中精辟的議論和熱烈的情感抒發(fā),了解作者對(duì)宇宙和人類的思考,并引發(fā)自己的思考。
小結(jié)人們對(duì)待祥林嫂這個(gè)“嫁而再寡”的不幸女人態(tài)度:①、魯四老爺?shù)膽B(tài)度:不讓她干祭祀的活(71、73、75、108通過(guò)四嬸先后三喊“你放著罷”,殺人不見(jiàn)血地葬送了祥林嫂的性命。而其中尤以最后一次對(duì)其打擊最大)。魯四老爺站在頑固維護(hù)封建宗法制度的立場(chǎng)上,從精神上殘酷地虐殺她。他暗暗地告誡四嬸的那段話,就是置祥林嫂于死地而又不露一絲血痕的軟刀子。②、魯四嬸的態(tài)度:魯四嬸是“大戶人家的太太”,頭一次留祥林嫂是看她能干,祥林嫂被婆家綁架走以后,她害怕給自己家惹麻煩。之后她惦念祥林嫂不是因?yàn)殛P(guān)心她的命運(yùn),而是自己的傭人都沒(méi)有祥林嫂那樣可心。以后祥林嫂再來(lái),她“起初還躊躕”,后來(lái)倒是真心憐憫祥林嫂,留下她。但是祥林嫂不像過(guò)去那樣靈活能干了,四嬸開(kāi)始“不滿”,進(jìn)而“警告”,最后把祥林嫂趕出家門??梢哉f(shuō),四嬸只是把祥林嫂當(dāng)成一件工具罷了,沒(méi)有把她當(dāng)人來(lái)看。
教學(xué)目標(biāo):1、知識(shí)與能力:(1)識(shí)記:理性、啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng);伏爾泰、孟德斯鳩、盧梭等偉大的啟蒙思想家及其主張;康德及啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng)的影響;(2)理解啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng)興起的背景,分析啟蒙思想的巨大影響;(3)認(rèn)識(shí)上層建筑對(duì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的巨大反作用。2、過(guò)程與方法:(1)指導(dǎo)學(xué)生用表格法掌握啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng)主要代表人物及其思想主張;(2)運(yùn)用比較法加深對(duì)啟蒙思想家觀點(diǎn)共性和個(gè)性的認(rèn)識(shí)。(3)運(yùn)用比較法對(duì)比文藝復(fù)興和啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng)的異同,說(shuō)明啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)人文主義思想的發(fā)展。3、情感態(tài)度與價(jià)值觀:(1)通過(guò)本課的學(xué)習(xí),讓學(xué)生認(rèn)識(shí)到“一定的文化是一定社會(huì)的政治和經(jīng)濟(jì)在觀念上和形態(tài)上的反映”;(2)學(xué)習(xí)啟蒙思想家追求真理的精神,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生遠(yuǎn)大的理想與抱負(fù);(3)通過(guò)法國(guó)啟蒙思想產(chǎn)生的巨大影響的分析,使學(xué)生認(rèn)識(shí)意識(shí)形態(tài)對(duì)社會(huì)發(fā)展所起的重大作用,從而提高學(xué)習(xí)理論的自覺(jué)性。
This teaching period mainly deals with grammar “The Present Perfect Passive Voice.” To begin with, teachers should lead students to revise what they have learned about the Present Perfect Passive Voice. And then, teachers move on to stress more special cases concerning this grammar。This period carries considerable significance to the cultivation of students’ writing competence and lays a solid foundation for the basic appreciation of language beauty. The teacher is expected to enable students to master this period thoroughly and consolidate the knowledge by doing some exercises. 1. Guide students to review the basic usages of the Present Perfect Passive Voice2. Lead students to learn to use some special cases concerning the Present Perfect Passive Voice flexibly.2. Enable students to use the basic phrases structures flexibly.3. Strengthen students’ great interest in grammar learning.1. Help students to appreciate the function of the Present Perfect Passive Voice in a sentence2. Instruct students to write essays using the proper the Present Perfect Passive Voice.觀察下列句子特點(diǎn),總結(jié)共同點(diǎn)。1.(教材P28)Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web.2.(教材P28)But the Internet has done much more for people than simply make life more convenient.3.(教材P28)Many people have been helped by the club.4.(教材P28)She no longer feels lonely, and her company has become quite successful.5.(教材P32)Today I thought I’d blog about a question that has been asked many times—how do you stay safe online and avoid bad experiences on the Internet?
This unit is about the Internet, which has a great influence to our humans and our lives. During the Listening & Speaking & Talking and Reading and Thinking section, the influence in examples has been shown. Thus, use the Present Perfect Tense is appropriate. However, in order to show the justice or weaken the doer of the behavior/action, it’s better to use the Present Perfect Passive Voice than the Present Perfect Tense. Besides, having learned to use the Present Perfect Passive Voice, students can beautify their language in their writing. 1. Learn the structure of the Present Perfect Passive Voice and its functions. 2. Learn to change the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice into the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice. 3. Learn to write sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice flexibly according to the context. 1. Learn the structure of the Present Perfect Passive Voice and its functions. 2. Learn to change the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice into the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice. 3. Learn to write sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice flexibly according to the context. Step 1 Observe the following sentences, then change the sentences into passive voice.He has been selected to take part in the sports meeting.(肯定句)他已被挑選出來(lái)參加運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。The ink has not been removed from his overcoat.(否定句)墨跡還沒(méi)有從他外套上去掉。