全班齊讀第五段內(nèi)容。請(qǐng)一位同學(xué)分析,接著讓這位同學(xué)按他分析的讀一遍。3、4兩自然段的平緩之后,第5段作者的情感再次抬升。為了滿足這種情感的張揚(yáng),作一口氣連用了四個(gè)排比句式“現(xiàn)在是……時(shí)候”,一方面這是情感發(fā)泄的需要,另一方面這種排山倒海的語(yǔ)勢(shì)也加強(qiáng)了內(nèi)容的表達(dá),極強(qiáng)地突出了現(xiàn)實(shí)為自由、平等而戰(zhàn)的重要性。四、學(xué)會(huì)演講我們剛才細(xì)讀了課文,但讀和講是有區(qū)別的。所謂演講,是一門(mén)語(yǔ)言藝術(shù),它的主要形式是“講”,即運(yùn)用有聲語(yǔ)言并追求言辭的表現(xiàn)力和聲音的感染力;同時(shí)還要輔之以“演”,即運(yùn)用面部表情、手勢(shì)動(dòng)作、身體姿態(tài)乃至一切可以理解的態(tài)勢(shì)語(yǔ)言,使講話“藝術(shù)化”起來(lái),從而產(chǎn)生一種非凡的藝術(shù)魅力。那么,接下來(lái)就假設(shè)一下假如你是馬丁·路德·金,你會(huì)怎樣去講這篇演講辭。
This unit is about the Internet, which has a great influence to our humans and our lives. During the Listening & Speaking & Talking and Reading and Thinking section, the influence in examples has been shown. Thus, use the Present Perfect Tense is appropriate. However, in order to show the justice or weaken the doer of the behavior/action, it’s better to use the Present Perfect Passive Voice than the Present Perfect Tense. Besides, having learned to use the Present Perfect Passive Voice, students can beautify their language in their writing. 1. Learn the structure of the Present Perfect Passive Voice and its functions. 2. Learn to change the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice into the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice. 3. Learn to write sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice flexibly according to the context. 1. Learn the structure of the Present Perfect Passive Voice and its functions. 2. Learn to change the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice into the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice. 3. Learn to write sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice flexibly according to the context. Step 1 Observe the following sentences, then change the sentences into passive voice.He has been selected to take part in the sports meeting.(肯定句)他已被挑選出來(lái)參加運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。The ink has not been removed from his overcoat.(否定句)墨跡還沒(méi)有從他外套上去掉。
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “ask about online habits”. Many middle school students have been surfing the Internet for many years, but what they do with the Internet and how much time they spend every day may not be very clear to themselves, nor to other students. This section allows students to investigate their peers' Internet use, which is conducive to their mutual understanding and understanding of the Internet. It can also help them reflect on their own online behavior, learn from other people's good online habits, and get rid of their bad online behavior.The listening text of this section is an investigation interview. The investigators interview specific groups with the same questions to obtain information, so as to understand their views, practices or attitudes on this issue. There are two specific questions: “how much time do you spend online every day? What do you usually do online?”. The answers of the three respondents provide rich and different information, and achieve the purpose of the investigators. The oral discourse structure of survey interviews generally includes greeting and explaining the purpose of the interview, presenting the interview questions and the respondents' answers. Listening and Talking introduces the theme of “choosing the right application ". Listening text is a conversation between Laura and Xiao Bo. In this part of listening, “oink”; “piggy bank” may cause the students' hearing comprehension limitation. Oink refers to sound word and pig's sound. So, add some oink to my piggy bank is often used to describe "making a little money".1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of listening for definitions.2. Cultivate students' ability to define words and understand an investigation interview.
Paragraph 3. Jan decided to start an IT club to teach old people how to use computers and the Internet. Paragraph 4. Jan has started taking online classes to learn more about how to use the Internet to make society better. Paragraph 5. Jan’s life has been greatly improved by the Internet. Step 5: Critical thinking:(1)How do you arrange your time spent on study and the Internet? Is it reasonable? I usually surf the Internet using my mobile phone for only an hour after class, and it is reasonable for me.(2)What are your online activities? Are they safe? I chat with my friends, read news and play games. I never give away my private information so I think they are safe.Step 4: summary Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web. There are countless articles (1)______(tell) us how the Internet has made our lives more convenient. But the Internet has done a lot (2)_____(much) for people than simply make life more convenient. People’s lives (3) _________________(change) by online communities and social networks so far. Take Jan for example, who developed a serious illness that made her (4)_____(stick) at home with only her computer to keep (5)___(she) company. She joined an online group (6)______ she could share problems, support and advice with others. She considered the ability to remove the distance between people as one of the greatest (7)_______(benefit). She was so inspired (8)____ she started an IT club in which many people have been helped. She has started to learn more about how to use the Internet to make society better. Her next goal is to start a charity website to raise money (9)___ children in poor countries. Jan’s life has been (10)______(great) improved by the Internet. Step 5 Homework:Review what we have learned and find out the key language points in the text.
This unit is about history and traditions. From the opening page, we can know that this unit will introduce the history and traditions around the world. As Marcus Garvey says “A people without the knowledge of their past history, origin and culture is like a tree without roots”, it is important for students to realize the importance and value of knowing the history and traditions and their further meanings. And this part ( listening and speaking ) is divided into two parts: Part A---share views on historic sites, Part B ---talk about a visit to a historic tourist destination. By talking with a foreigner, the speakers introduce the historic attractions and their cultures. Part A is that William, a British student, who was going to visit the Confucius Temple and a Chinese student, Xiao Kong, who was going to the Confucius Temple to meet with the members of the research group, went together and exchanged their views on the Confucius Temple, Confucius, Confucius' descendants and Confucius' educational thoughts. Part B is a conversation between Xiao Yan, a youth hostel receptionist and Paul, a backpacker about the feelings and experience after visiting the Chinese famous tourist attraction Pingyao.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of the whole and key details; 2. Cultivate students' ability to guess the meaning of words in listening; discuss with their peers how to talk about historic spots and great person.3. Instruct students to use functional sentences of showing one’s excitement, surprise and disappointment.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of the whole and key details; 2. Cultivate students' ability to discuss with their peers the related topics.3. Enable students to use the functional items of showing one’s excitement, surprise and disappointment.
Features of languages1.Finally, in the 20th century, the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK, which resulted in the full name we have today: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.該句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。該句主句為:the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK;which resulted in the full name we have today為which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句代指前面整句話的內(nèi)容,we have today為定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞name。譯文:最后,在20世紀(jì),愛(ài)爾蘭南部脫離英國(guó),這導(dǎo)致了我們今天有的英國(guó)的全名:大不列顛及北愛(ài)爾蘭聯(lián)合王國(guó)。2.Almost everywhere you go in the UK, you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history.該句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。該句主句為:you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people;其中Almost everywhere you go in the UK為讓步狀語(yǔ)從句; who took over at different times throughout history為定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞people。譯文:幾乎無(wú)論你走到英國(guó)的任何地方,你都會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)歷史上有四種不同的人在不同的時(shí)期統(tǒng)治過(guò)英國(guó)。3.The capital city London is a great place to start, as it is an ancient port city that has a history dating all the way back to Roman times.該句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。該句主句為:The capital city London is a great place to start; as it is an ancient port city that has a history dating all the way back to Roman times.為原因狀語(yǔ)從句;dating all the way back to Roman times為現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)修飾history。
(4)Now we have heard a number of outstanding speeches ... 我們已經(jīng)聆聽(tīng)了許多精彩的發(fā)言……(5)Because we wanted the nations of the world, working together, to deal with ... 因?yàn)槲覀兿M澜绺鲊?guó)團(tuán)結(jié)起來(lái)去應(yīng)對(duì)……(6)And if we do not act ... 如果我們不采取行動(dòng)……(7)Now, I share the concerns that have been expressed ... 我也同意對(duì)于……表達(dá)的擔(dān)心(8)Let us show the world that by working together we can ... 讓我們告訴全世界,通過(guò)一起努力我們可以……(9)It is now time for us to ... 是時(shí)候我們……(10)And I have always wished that ... 我一直希望……(11)Thank you for letting me share this day with me.感謝你們和我共度這一天。實(shí)踐演練:假如你是高中生李華,你校將舉辦一次以“音樂(lè)”為主題的演講比賽,請(qǐng)你按照主題,寫(xiě)下你的演講稿。注意:詞數(shù)100左右。First of all, thank you for listening to my speech. My topic is: love music like love yourself.Music is like the air we need to maintain our normal lives around us. You can't imagine how terrible a world without music would be. Movies and TV shows have no music, only dry conversations and scenes; mobile phones only vibrations; streets only noisy crowds; cafes, western restaurants only depressed meals. What a terrible world it is!As a student, I hope we all can enjoy the fun brought by music in our spare time. Instead of just listening to music, we can even make our own music. Let's enjoy the fun of music!Thanks again for your attention!
結(jié)合歷史自古以來(lái),江山美人歷來(lái)都是引無(wú)數(shù)英雄豪杰競(jìng)折腰的,如果說(shuō)英雄選擇了美人卻丟了江山,把所有罪名都?xì)w結(jié)于“女人是禍水”。但是,紂王無(wú)道,和有了妲己有必然的聯(lián)系嗎?有人說(shuō)妲己壞透了,壞透了的妲己如果不是取得紂王的信任是壞不起來(lái)的,紂王聽(tīng)信了妲己的讒言,聽(tīng)與不聽(tīng)決定權(quán)在紂王,而不在妲己。強(qiáng)勢(shì)永遠(yuǎn)在紂王一邊。再來(lái)看看西施和楊貴妃:西施是作為越國(guó)貢獻(xiàn)給吳國(guó)的供品來(lái)到吳王夫差的身邊的,楊貴妃更是先是李隆基的兒媳婦被看中而得寵的。所以,西施和楊貴妃這兩個(gè)可憐的女人根本沒(méi)有自己的獨(dú)立選擇,沒(méi)有獨(dú)立的愛(ài)情,如果沒(méi)有西施,就會(huì)有南施,或北施;如果沒(méi)有楊貴妃,就會(huì)有李貴妃,王貴妃,總之什么施,什么妃是不能少的,因?yàn)槟鞘菂峭鹾屠盥』男枰?/p>
【教學(xué)目標(biāo)】1.理解作者反抗黑暗,辭官歸田,不與當(dāng)時(shí)黑暗的上層社會(huì)同流合污而熱愛(ài)田園生活的積極精神,學(xué)習(xí)其高潔的理想志趣和堅(jiān)定的人生追求。2.掌握“胡、奚、曷、焉、何”五個(gè)疑問(wèn)代詞,歸納“行、引、乘、策”等四個(gè)詞的一詞多義,了解“以、而、之、兮、來(lái)”等文言虛詞的用法。3.背誦全文?!窘虒W(xué)重點(diǎn)】1.了解作者辭官歸田的原因,深刻體味詩(shī)人鄙棄官場(chǎng),熱愛(ài)田園的無(wú)限欣喜之情。2.背誦全文?!窘虒W(xué)難點(diǎn)】1.理解記述中滲透出的或喜或哀,或決絕或猶疑的復(fù)雜感情。2.歸納實(shí)詞、虛詞的用法,掌握省略句、倒裝句兩種句式?!窘叹邷?zhǔn)備】投影儀投影膠片【課時(shí)安排】2課時(shí)【教學(xué)過(guò)程】第一課時(shí)[教學(xué)要點(diǎn)]了解陶淵明及其作品。讀課文,利用注釋、工具書(shū),初步把握文章,朗讀課文,找出押韻的字,由押韻歸納各層大意,幫助學(xué)生理清背誦思路,背誦全文。[教學(xué)步驟]一、導(dǎo)語(yǔ)《桃花源記》是我們?cè)诔踔薪佑|過(guò)的陶淵明的作品。師生一同背誦。《桃花源記》中悠閑自得的田園生活正是作者精神追求的形象反映。今天我們學(xué)習(xí)的《歸去來(lái)兮辭》正是作者決別官場(chǎng),同上層社會(huì)分道揚(yáng)鑣的宣言書(shū)。
(2).教學(xué)手段為了使我根據(jù)教材而設(shè)計(jì)的三個(gè)教學(xué)目標(biāo)以及重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)得以的突出和突破,達(dá)到最大化的展示境界,同時(shí)也為了配合以上我選擇的四種教法得以完滿實(shí)現(xiàn),我決定采用“多媒體”教學(xué)手段進(jìn)行全程教學(xué)。利用電腦的信息容量大,操作簡(jiǎn)便等優(yōu)點(diǎn),形象生動(dòng)的直觀展示教學(xué)內(nèi)容,不但提高學(xué)習(xí)效率和質(zhì)量,而且容易激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣和調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)的積極性。四、說(shuō)學(xué)法我為學(xué)生設(shè)計(jì)了三個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)方法:1.讓學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)在探究中學(xué)。通過(guò)“對(duì)黑人嚴(yán)酷處境的探究”和對(duì)文中重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)句的探究,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生在探究中學(xué)習(xí)的能力。2.讓學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)在讀中學(xué)。通過(guò)“誦讀法”指導(dǎo)學(xué)生在誦讀過(guò)程中感受演講詞內(nèi)在的魅力,學(xué)會(huì)在讀中學(xué)。3.讓學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)在練習(xí)中學(xué)。通過(guò)“課外延伸練習(xí)法”,對(duì)所學(xué)的知識(shí)進(jìn)行運(yùn)用,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的創(chuàng)新和自學(xué)能力。
生2:頷聯(lián)的意思是只聽(tīng)到禁衛(wèi)軍中傳來(lái)夜間巡邏的梆子聲,不再向?qū)m中那樣安逸地聽(tīng)到有雞人打鳴報(bào)時(shí)的聲音了。生3:頸聯(lián)的意思是說(shuō)事變發(fā)生那天軍隊(duì)發(fā)生嘩變停留不前,但當(dāng)年唐玄宗以為自己可以和貴妃天天在一起,對(duì)天上的牽牛和織女一年一度的會(huì)見(jiàn)還加以嘲笑呢。生4:尾聯(lián)的含義是為什么唐玄宗當(dāng)了四十五年的皇帝,還不如普通百姓夫妻恩愛(ài),長(zhǎng)相廝守。師:好的。請(qǐng)大家再齊讀一遍詩(shī)文,做到人人都能疏通詩(shī)的含義。學(xué)生再次齊讀。第三環(huán)節(jié):專(zhuān)項(xiàng)探究師:白居易曾說(shuō):“文章合為時(shí)而著,歌詩(shī)合為事而作?!边@首詩(shī)就是作者途經(jīng)馬嵬驛,詠馬嵬之變這一歷史事件而作,所以我們鑒賞的第三步,就是通過(guò)標(biāo)題和詩(shī)文,弄清詩(shī)中的歷史事件。請(qǐng)同學(xué)們找出詩(shī)中哪些詩(shī)句描述了這一事件?
二、學(xué)生情況分析(說(shuō)學(xué)法)1、學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)基礎(chǔ)分析:學(xué)生通過(guò)對(duì)《生活與哲學(xué)》前面三個(gè)單元的學(xué)習(xí),初步掌握了運(yùn)用唯物論、辯證法、認(rèn)識(shí)論的觀點(diǎn)去認(rèn)識(shí)問(wèn)題、分析問(wèn)題的能力;再通過(guò)對(duì)第十一課的學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生對(duì)馬克思主義的歷史觀有了初步的理解,初步樹(shù)立了正確的理想信念,這為本課教學(xué)目標(biāo)的落實(shí)奠定了知識(shí)基礎(chǔ)。 2、學(xué)生能力分析 :高二學(xué)生擁有一定生活體驗(yàn),具備一定的信息收集和篩選能力、閱讀能力、語(yǔ)言表達(dá)能力、對(duì)問(wèn)題的一定的探究能力,同伴合作能力和具備初步邏輯思維能力。3、學(xué)生心理分析:在我國(guó)現(xiàn)階段,以為人民服務(wù)為核心的社會(huì)主義道德建設(shè)過(guò)程中涌現(xiàn)了大批的先進(jìn)人物和道德典范,但同時(shí)由于社會(huì)價(jià)值的多元化,個(gè)人主義、享樂(lè)主義、拜金主義等資本主義腐朽思想也同樣在影響著當(dāng)代的中學(xué)生。
一、教材分析本框共有兩個(gè)目題:第一目從實(shí)踐含義入手,引出實(shí)踐的三大特征;第二目從實(shí)踐是認(rèn)識(shí)的來(lái)源、是認(rèn)識(shí)發(fā)展的動(dòng)力、是檢驗(yàn)認(rèn)識(shí)的真理性的唯一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、是認(rèn)識(shí)的目的和歸宿四個(gè)方面論述 了實(shí)踐是認(rèn)識(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。從地位上看,學(xué)好本框不僅有利于從總體上把握各課之間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系,而且能深刻理解馬克思主義哲學(xué)的鮮明特點(diǎn)和本質(zhì)特征,實(shí)現(xiàn)全書(shū)的教學(xué)目的,在全書(shū)中處于重要的地位。二、教學(xué)目標(biāo)1.知識(shí)目標(biāo):識(shí)記實(shí)踐的含義、實(shí)踐的構(gòu)成要素、實(shí)踐的特點(diǎn)。理解實(shí)踐具有三個(gè)基本特征、實(shí)踐是認(rèn)識(shí)的基礎(chǔ)2.能力目標(biāo):培養(yǎng)學(xué)生運(yùn)用所學(xué)知識(shí)解決實(shí)際問(wèn)題的能力3.情感、態(tài)度、價(jià)值觀目標(biāo):通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí),使學(xué)生樹(shù)立實(shí)踐第一的觀點(diǎn),從而自覺(jué)投入到實(shí)踐之中去。三、教學(xué)重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)重點(diǎn):實(shí)踐是認(rèn)識(shí)的來(lái)源難點(diǎn):實(shí)踐的基本特征
什么因素可以阻止種群間基因交流呢?由此可引出隔離的概念。學(xué)生初步理解隔離的概念之后,可以安排學(xué)生討論隔離的各種可能的方式,教師歸納出隔離的類(lèi)型。然后組織學(xué)生閱讀分析教材中的“資料分析”,組織討論“資料分析”中提出的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題。最后教師應(yīng)強(qiáng)調(diào),一般情況下,地理隔離是生殖隔離的先決條件,生殖隔離一旦形成,原來(lái)屬于一個(gè)物種的兩個(gè)種群,就成了兩個(gè)物種。關(guān)于“共同進(jìn)化與生物多樣性的形成”內(nèi)容的教學(xué),可以學(xué)生自學(xué)為基礎(chǔ),教師提出一些具有啟發(fā)性的問(wèn)題,師生共同歸納總結(jié)的方式推進(jìn)教學(xué)過(guò)程。使學(xué)生理解共同進(jìn)化的含義,無(wú)機(jī)環(huán)境的變化、無(wú)機(jī)環(huán)境的復(fù)雜化和多樣化、有性生殖的出現(xiàn)和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)的復(fù)雜化和多樣化對(duì)生物多樣性形成的作用。最后,組織學(xué)生討論生物進(jìn)化理論在發(fā)展。
一,說(shuō)教材1. 教材的地位和作用本章課程的核心是介紹現(xiàn)代生物進(jìn)化理論.生物進(jìn)化理論的發(fā)展和其他科學(xué)理論的發(fā)展一樣,不是簡(jiǎn)單的新理論對(duì)舊理論的否定和排斥,而是新理論對(duì)舊理論的修正,深入和擴(kuò)展.從拉馬克的進(jìn)化學(xué)說(shuō)到達(dá)爾文的自然選擇學(xué)說(shuō),以及現(xiàn)代進(jìn)化理論的由來(lái),大體都走過(guò)了這樣的軌跡.這些應(yīng)該成為處理本節(jié)教學(xué)內(nèi)容的基本脈絡(luò).本節(jié)內(nèi)容包括:拉馬克的進(jìn)化學(xué)說(shuō),達(dá)爾文的自然選擇學(xué)說(shuō)和達(dá)爾文以后生物進(jìn)化理論的發(fā)展,其中重點(diǎn)是達(dá)爾文的自然選擇學(xué)說(shuō).生物進(jìn)化論不僅是生物學(xué)中具有重要地位的基礎(chǔ)理論,也是對(duì)人們的自然觀和世界觀有著重要影響的理論.學(xué)生通過(guò)本章內(nèi)容的學(xué)習(xí),不僅可以了解生物進(jìn)化理論在達(dá)爾文之后的發(fā)展,進(jìn)一步樹(shù)立生物進(jìn)化的觀點(diǎn)和辯證唯物主義觀點(diǎn),而且能夠通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)進(jìn)化理論的發(fā)展過(guò)程,加深對(duì)科學(xué)本質(zhì)的理解和感悟.
2學(xué)情分析 1、這一課是一年級(jí)的“造型·表現(xiàn)”學(xué)習(xí)領(lǐng)域,一年級(jí)孩子自制力較差,注意力集中時(shí)間不長(zhǎng),缺乏一定的造型能力,但好奇心很強(qiáng),表現(xiàn)欲望非常強(qiáng)烈,非常希望得到老師和同學(xué)們的認(rèn)可,從他們的興趣入手就能達(dá)到事半功倍的效果;2、教學(xué)方式應(yīng)該是直觀的;3、讓學(xué)生通過(guò)欣賞與想象進(jìn)行創(chuàng)作,激發(fā)他們對(duì)大自然的興趣,感受大自然的美。
思考:洗衣機(jī)脫水時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)速高時(shí)容易甩干衣物,還是轉(zhuǎn)速低時(shí)容易甩干衣物?(2) 制作棉花糖的原理內(nèi)筒與洗衣機(jī)的脫水筒相似,里面加入白砂糖,加熱使糖熔化成糖汁。內(nèi)筒高速旋轉(zhuǎn),黏稠的糖汁就做離心運(yùn)動(dòng),從內(nèi)筒壁的小孔飛散出去,成為絲狀到達(dá)溫度較低的外筒,并迅速冷卻凝固,變得纖細(xì)雪白,像一團(tuán)團(tuán)棉花。5.離心現(xiàn)象的防止在水平公路上行駛的汽車(chē),轉(zhuǎn)彎時(shí)所需的向心力是由車(chē)輪與路面的靜摩擦力提供的。如果轉(zhuǎn)彎時(shí)速度過(guò)大,所需向心力F大于最大靜摩擦力Fmax,汽車(chē)將做離心運(yùn)動(dòng)而造成交通事故。因此,在公路彎道處,車(chē)輛行駛不允許超過(guò)規(guī)定的速度。當(dāng)高速轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)的砂輪或者飛輪內(nèi)部分子間相互作用力不足以提供所需向心力時(shí),離心運(yùn)動(dòng)就會(huì)使他們破裂,甚至釀成事故。
教學(xué)目標(biāo) 知識(shí)目標(biāo):通過(guò)欣賞大自然的圖片,感知大自然不同特點(diǎn)的美?! 〖寄苣繕?biāo):能用自己喜歡的方式表達(dá)對(duì)不同自然美的感受。 情感態(tài)度與價(jià)值觀:培養(yǎng)學(xué)生熱愛(ài)大自然的情感,及愛(ài)護(hù)大自然的情感?! 〗虒W(xué)重點(diǎn)讓學(xué)生感受大自然不同的美,了解大自然的豐富,并能用簡(jiǎn)單的語(yǔ)言表達(dá)自己的感受。 教學(xué)難點(diǎn)學(xué)習(xí)用審美的眼光去觀察大自然。 主要教法啟發(fā)引導(dǎo)法、自學(xué)嘗試法 學(xué)習(xí)指導(dǎo)體驗(yàn)探究法輔助指導(dǎo)法 教學(xué)資源教師:教材、課件?! W(xué)生:教材、自然風(fēng)光片 教學(xué)過(guò)程: 教學(xué)活動(dòng)教學(xué)意圖 教師學(xué)生
知識(shí)與技能1.知道地心說(shuō)和日心說(shuō)的基本內(nèi)容.2.知道所有行星繞太陽(yáng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的軌道都是橢圓,太陽(yáng)處在橢圓的一個(gè)焦點(diǎn)上.3.知道所有行星的軌道的半長(zhǎng)軸的三次方跟它的公轉(zhuǎn)周期的二次方的比值都相等,且這個(gè)比值與行星的質(zhì)量無(wú)關(guān),但與太陽(yáng)的質(zhì)量有關(guān).4.理解人們對(duì)行星運(yùn)動(dòng)的認(rèn)識(shí)過(guò)程是漫長(zhǎng)復(fù)雜的,真理是來(lái)之不易的.過(guò)程與方法通過(guò)托勒密、哥白尼、第谷·布拉赫、開(kāi)普勒等幾位科學(xué)家對(duì)行星運(yùn)動(dòng)的不同認(rèn)識(shí),了解人類(lèi)認(rèn)識(shí)事物本質(zhì)的曲折性并加深對(duì)行星運(yùn)動(dòng)的理解.情感、態(tài)度與價(jià)值觀1.澄清對(duì)天體運(yùn)動(dòng)裨秘、模糊的認(rèn)識(shí),掌握人類(lèi)認(rèn)識(shí)自然規(guī)律的科學(xué)方法.2.感悟科學(xué)是人類(lèi)進(jìn)步不竭的動(dòng)力.教學(xué)重點(diǎn)理解和掌握開(kāi)普勒行星運(yùn)動(dòng)定律,認(rèn)識(shí)行星的運(yùn)動(dòng).學(xué)好本節(jié)有利于對(duì)宇宙中行星的運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律的認(rèn)識(shí),掌握人類(lèi)認(rèn)識(shí)自然規(guī)律的科學(xué)方法,并有利于對(duì)人造衛(wèi)星的學(xué)習(xí).
一、教材分析第一目,矛盾的統(tǒng)一性和斗爭(zhēng)性。世界上的一切事物都包含著兩個(gè)方面——矛盾的定義——矛盾的兩個(gè)基本屬性——矛盾的同一性——矛盾的斗爭(zhēng)性——同一性和斗爭(zhēng)性的辯證關(guān)系。這一目的重點(diǎn)是讓學(xué)生理解世界上的一切事物都包含著矛盾,沒(méi)有矛盾就沒(méi)有世界。第二目,矛盾的普遍性和特殊性。這一目邏輯順序是:事事有矛盾,時(shí)時(shí)有矛盾——承認(rèn)矛盾的普遍性是堅(jiān)持唯物主義的前途——矛盾的特殊性及其三層涵義——矛盾的普遍性和特殊性的辯證關(guān)系——矛盾普遍性和特殊性關(guān)系的原理是矛盾問(wèn)題的精髓。最后得出結(jié)論:馬克思主義普遍原理與中國(guó)具體實(shí)際相結(jié)合體現(xiàn)了矛盾普遍性和特殊性的具體的歷史的統(tǒng)一。學(xué)習(xí)了唯物辯證法的矛盾觀,就要學(xué)會(huì)理論聯(lián)系實(shí)際,學(xué)會(huì)在生活、學(xué)習(xí)和工作中進(jìn)一步運(yùn)用所學(xué)的知識(shí),處理好生活中的實(shí)際問(wèn)題