蘇聯(lián)文學的沿革,既反映了蘇聯(lián)社會的偉大思想性變革,又反映了蘇聯(lián)文壇活躍與混亂并存的局面,特別是其所具有強烈的意識形態(tài)色彩是蘇聯(lián)社會深層次變化的風向標。(2)20世紀的亞、非、拉美文學20世紀亞、非、拉美文學的繁榮伴隨著民族民主運動的高漲,其主流都體現(xiàn)了反對殖民壓迫、反對社會不公的愛國主義精神。出現(xiàn)了許多頗有影響的作家和作品。泰戈爾是印度近現(xiàn)代文學的光輝代表,為印度現(xiàn)代民族主義奠定了基礎。其代表作《戈拉》塑造了愛國的印度民族主義知識分子形象。泰戈爾是首位獲諾貝爾文學獎的東方作家。魯迅是中國文學革命的巨匠,他的《吶喊》集,昭示著中國新文學時代的到來。哥倫比亞作家馬爾克斯的《百年孤獨》,描繪加勒比海沿岸小城百年孤獨的原因及打破這種狀態(tài)的途徑。
①標題——標題應當簡潔明了。②導語——導語是消息開頭的第一段或第一句話,簡明扼要地揭示出消息的核心內(nèi)容。③主體——主體是消息的主要部分,要用充足的事實表現(xiàn)主題,對導語的內(nèi)容作進一步的展開和闡述。④結束語——通常是對全文內(nèi)容進行概括性的總結。3. 新聞報道增分句子(1)陳述事實常用的句型:①A terrible storm hit/struck ... , killing ..②It was a cool autumn night when the earthquake happened. A large number of buildings fell down and roads were destroyed, leaving a great many people homeless.地震發(fā)生在一個涼爽的秋夜。大量的建筑物倒塌,道路被毀,許多人無家可歸。③With the help of the rescue team, people who were the trapped in the flood were saved.在救援隊的幫助下,困在洪水中的人們得救了。(2)陳述觀點常用的句型:①Clearly/Obviously/In my opinion/It seemed that people were shocked.顯然/在我看來/似乎人們震驚了。②The whole city was in ruins after the earthquake.地震后整個城市成了一片廢墟。(3)揭示原因常用的句型:Because of/As a result of/Thanks to the help of the army, people who got injured were sent to the hospital immediately.
【教材分析】This teaching period mainly deals with the grammar: the restrictive relative clauses.This period carries considerable significance to the cultivation of students’ writing competence and lays a solid foundation for the basic appreciation of language beauty. The teacher is expected to enable students to master this period thoroughly and consolidate the knowledge by doing some exercise of good quality.【教學目標與核心素養(yǎng)】1. Get students to have a good understanding of the basic usages of the restrictive relative clauses.2. Enable students to use the restrictive relative clauses flexibly.3. Develop students’ speaking and cooperating abilities.4. Strengthen students’ great interest in grammar learning.【教學重難點】How to enable students to have a good understanding of the restrictive relative clauses, especially the uses of the relative words such as which, that, who, whom.【教學過程】Step1: 語法知識呈現(xiàn)定語從句(一)—關系代詞的用法在復合句中, 修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。定語從句通常由關系代詞或關系副詞引導,說明事物的具體信息,從句位于被修飾詞之后。被定語從句修飾的詞叫先行詞,引導定語從句的詞叫關系詞,關系詞指代先行詞,并在定語從句中充當成分。關系詞有兩種:關系代詞who, whom ,whose, that, which, as和關系副詞when, where, why。
Step 5 While reading---Task 3Read the text again and answer the following questions.Q1: How many countries does the UK consist of ?4 Q2: What are the four countries of the United Kingdom?England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland Q3: Which two were the first to be joined together ?England and WalesQ4: What are the two chief advantages of studying the history of a country ?The first one is to help you understand more about the country and its traditions.The second one is to make visiting it more enjoyable.Q5: What’s the author’s attitude towards studying the history ?Supportive/positiveStep 6 Post reading---Retell the textThe United Kingdom, Great Britain, Britain, England—many people are confused by (1)_____ these different names mean. In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales (2) __________(join) to the Kingdom of England. In the 19 th century, the Kingdom of Ireland was added to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Finally, the southern part of Ireland (3) ______ (break) away from the UK, which resulted in the full name we have today. However, most people just use the (4)_________(shorten) name: the UK. The four countries (5)__________ belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas. There were four sets of invaders and the last group were the Normans. They had castles (6)_________(build) all around England and made changes (7)__________ the legal system. Studying the history of the country will make your visit much more (8)_________(enjoy). The capital city London is (9)___ ancient port city that has a history (10)______(date) back to Roman times. 1. what 2.was joined 3.broke 4.shortened 5.that 6. built 7.to 8.enjoyable 9.an 10.dating Step 6 Homework
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “Take part in a youth project”. The listening text is an interview about "sharing views on historical sites". Through listening to a dialogue between Chinese and foreign students on the way to the Confucius Temple, students can understand their views on the Confucius Temple, Confucius, Confucius' descendants and Confucius' educational thoughts, so as to realize and think about the profound influence of Confucius and his thoughts on Chinese historical tradition. At the same time, the dialogue naturally integrates English idioms and mentions Shakespeare, the British playwright, so as to provide language materials and context for students to understand English idioms and related cultural allusions, as well as to compare Chinese and foreign cultures, which is helpful for students to understand and express the language such as history, tradition, culture and custom significant impact.Text analysis: listening text is a dialogue between a British student and a Chinese student when he goes to the Confucius Temple. When William, a British student, visited the Confucius Temple, he asked Xiao Kong, a Chinese student, for directions. Xiao Kong was just going to the Confucius Temple to meet with the members of the research group, so they went together and exchanged their views on the Confucius Temple, Confucius, Confucius' descendants and Confucius' educational thoughts. From the perspective of foreign tourists, this paper describes their thoughts on Confucius, the great son of Confucius, who had a profound impact on Chinese history and cultural tradition, and his education.Listening and Talking introduces a visit to a historic tourist destination. Tourism is a common way to understand a country's history, culture, and customs and so on. Students listen to the dialogue between Xiao Yan, a youth hostel Usher, and Paul, a backpacker, to learn about Pingyao's famous historical and cultural attractions and Paul's travel experience and experience as a foreign tourist.
Features of languages1.Finally, in the 20th century, the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK, which resulted in the full name we have today: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.該句是一個復合句。該句主句為:the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK;which resulted in the full name we have today為which引導的定語從句代指前面整句話的內(nèi)容,we have today為定語從句修飾先行詞name。譯文:最后,在20世紀,愛爾蘭南部脫離英國,這導致了我們今天有的英國的全名:大不列顛及北愛爾蘭聯(lián)合王國。2.Almost everywhere you go in the UK, you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history.該句是一個復合句。該句主句為:you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people;其中Almost everywhere you go in the UK為讓步狀語從句; who took over at different times throughout history為定語從句修飾先行詞people。譯文:幾乎無論你走到英國的任何地方,你都會發(fā)現(xiàn)歷史上有四種不同的人在不同的時期統(tǒng)治過英國。3.The capital city London is a great place to start, as it is an ancient port city that has a history dating all the way back to Roman times.該句是一個復合句。該句主句為:The capital city London is a great place to start; as it is an ancient port city that has a history dating all the way back to Roman times.為原因狀語從句;dating all the way back to Roman times為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語修飾history。
Step 1 Lead inThere are many interest of places in the UK. What do you know ?The Big Ben the London Tower the Thames RiverStep 2 Before reading---analyze the titleBeautiful Ireland and its traditionWe know that the article mainly tells about the beauty and traditions of Ireland. Step 3 While reading---Task 1Read the text and answer the following questions.Q1: What makes the Irish countryside exciting and inspiring?Its beauty and how it offers something for all the scenes.Q2: What are the best ways to experience some Irish traditions and cultures?By stopping by a village pub and relaxing with a drink and traditional meal while listening to music and watching dancingQ3: What is the meaning of “breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning song ?”It means to not just smell but also breathe in the smell of fresh flowers early in the morning as the birds sing their first song of the new day.Q4: What are the best ways to experience Chinese traditions and customs ?By travelling to different places and using all your senses to experience everything and by interacting with local people.Step 4 While reading---Task 2Analyze the descriptive paragraph1. Identify and underline the paragraph’s introductory sentence and the ending sentence.Introductory sentence: Ireland’s beautiful countryside has always had a great influence on its people and traditions.Ending sentence: And if you introduce yourself to a friendly face, you are more than likely to experience local culture and customs first-hand.2. The paragraph talks about different senses in different places. Write the senses and places in the order that they appear.
【教材分析】高考聽力材料的選用非常重視語言真實性和交際性的原則,語言材料一般來源于實際生活,對話的內(nèi)容大都取材于日常生活,即衣、食、住、行、工作、學習、天氣、生活環(huán)境等話題,可分為校園、公共場所、家庭等方面,如: shopping, finding the way, doing one’s homework, seeing a doctor, making a phone call, weather report, asking for different kinds of information等。新教材的特點就是利用生活中真實文本,只是降低難度,讓學生注重語言的應用,將是我們高考把握方向的重要因素?!窘虒W目標與核心素養(yǎng)】學習能力目標:在聽力當中,學生應該有效規(guī)劃學習方法,選擇恰當?shù)牟呗耘c方法。這節(jié)課的訓練目標是讓學生有正確的預測和抓住問題的關鍵信息,從而用心去聽來找尋關鍵信息。根據(jù)生活中實際情況和高考常見語境,我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)提前預測和抓住題干中的w很重要,即what, where, when, why等等。
5. Read to get detailed information about Paragraph 5.Q1. What shows the revival of Tangshan?Q2. How can Tangshan revive itself and get up on its feet again?Q3. In times of disasters, how can we go through it?T: In times of disasters, we should unify, show the wisdom and stay positive.Step 4 Activity 4 Highlighting the theme and reflecting1. Make a summary of the text.2. Further understand the titleQ: After our learning, why do you think the earth didn’t sleep on that night?T: An earthquake happened. The people in the earthquake suffered a lot, and the people outside Tangshan were concerned about the people there a lot.3. Reflect through discussion on what can be learnt after reading.T: Disasters are powerful. Unpreparedness can be deadly. Life is weak, but if people work together to help each other, disasters can be defeated.There is no love from disaster, but we have love in the human heart.Step 5 Assignment How does the writer convey that the earthquake was deadly, and that people were helpless during the earthquake? Try to find some attractive and impressive expressions and note them down.
This unit is about history and traditions. From the opening page, we can know that this unit will introduce the history and traditions around the world. As Marcus Garvey says “A people without the knowledge of their past history, origin and culture is like a tree without roots”, it is important for students to realize the importance and value of knowing the history and traditions and their further meanings. And this part ( listening and speaking ) is divided into two parts: Part A---share views on historic sites, Part B ---talk about a visit to a historic tourist destination. By talking with a foreigner, the speakers introduce the historic attractions and their cultures. Part A is that William, a British student, who was going to visit the Confucius Temple and a Chinese student, Xiao Kong, who was going to the Confucius Temple to meet with the members of the research group, went together and exchanged their views on the Confucius Temple, Confucius, Confucius' descendants and Confucius' educational thoughts. Part B is a conversation between Xiao Yan, a youth hostel receptionist and Paul, a backpacker about the feelings and experience after visiting the Chinese famous tourist attraction Pingyao.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of the whole and key details; 2. Cultivate students' ability to guess the meaning of words in listening; discuss with their peers how to talk about historic spots and great person.3. Instruct students to use functional sentences of showing one’s excitement, surprise and disappointment.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of the whole and key details; 2. Cultivate students' ability to discuss with their peers the related topics.3. Enable students to use the functional items of showing one’s excitement, surprise and disappointment.
This teaching period mainly deals with grammar: The past participle is used as attributive and objective complement.1. Guide students to review the basic usages of the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.2. Lead students to learn to use some special cases concerning the past participle used as attributive and objective complement flexibly.3. Strengthen students’ great interest in grammar learning.1. Help students to appreciate the function of the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.2. Instruct students to write essays using the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.Step1:溫故而知新。Analyze the underlined phrases and then sum up the common usages of the past participles.1.(教材P41)They had castles built(build) all around England, and made changes to the legal system.2.(教材P42)They use the same flag, known(know) as the Union Jack,...3.(教材P42)Judy and I had our car parked(park) in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square, where we could get our car battery charged(charge).Common points: f the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.Step 2:過去分詞作定語時的意義1.及物動詞的過去分詞作定語,在語態(tài)上表示被動;在時間上,常表示動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成,有時也不表示時間性。Our teacher watched us doing the experiment and gave us a satisfied smile at last.我們的老師看著我們做實驗,最后給了我們一個滿意的微笑。The plan put forward at the meeting will be carried out soon.會上提出的計劃將很快被執(zhí)行。2.不及物動詞的過去分詞作定語,它不表示被動意義,只強調(diào)動作完成。Many little kids like gathering fallen leaves in the yard.
這個地區(qū)有著深厚的傳統(tǒng)。既學既練:為了讓更多的外國游客了解中國文化,欣賞中國美麗的自然風光,感受中國發(fā)生的巨大變化,某外文雜志社將出版一本英語小冊子來介紹中國的旅游景點。該雜志社邀請你為該小冊子寫一篇英語短文來介紹杭州,內(nèi)容包括:1.杭州的位置(中國東南部)、面積(16 000多平方公里)及歷史(2 200多年)等;2.杭州的旅游特色(自然風景、傳統(tǒng)文化、特色小吃等);3.希望更多的游客來杭州參觀。注意:1.詞數(shù)80左右;2.可適當增加細節(jié),以使行文連貫。Located in the southeast of China, Hangzhou is a beautiful city.Dating back more than 2,200 years, Hangzhou covers an area of more than 16,000 square kilometers.In Hangzhou, you can visit the West Lake, whose scenery is fascinating.In addition, you can’t miss its cultural relics and historical sites, from which you will learn more about excellent Chinese traditional culture and traditions.In Hangzhou, the special snacks are famous and visitors from different parts of the world think highly of them.As a tourist attraction, Hangzhou attracts a large number of visitors from home and abroad every year.Once you come to China, Hangzhou is a scenic spot you can’t miss.
Step 5 Practice一、完成下列句子。1. Judy and I _______________(把車停下來(park))in an underground car Park near Trafalgar Square, where we could ______________________(讓我們的車充電(charge)).2. When we finally reached the service desk to ask for audio guides, we heard it ___________ that there were no audio guides____________(留下,剩下).3. We__________________________(發(fā)現(xiàn)自己對...很驚訝)the large number of visitors and the amount of noise at the entrance of the National Gallery.4. Judy ____________________(眼神專注于) Van Gogh’s Sunflowers. It was hard to approach the painting as there were so many people around.5. She ____________________(把這幅畫的復制品裝箱(box)) to ensure that it was delivered safely.答案:1.had our car parked get our car battery charged 2. announced left 3. found ourselves very surprised 4. had her eyes fixed on 5. had a copy of the painting boxed二、用過去分詞對下列句子進行改寫。1. Loch Ness was surrounded by beautiful natural landscape, which made it look amazing.2. Carl and his friend stayed with a generous family who offered them bread with butter and honey that was homemade.3. The family’s ancestors once attended to soldiers who were wounded in the First World War.4. The young people were attracted by the legend of Loch Ness. They watched over the lake with their cameras and binoculars, which were positioned on the hill.答案:1. Loch Ness surrounded by beautiful natural landscape looks amazing.2. Carl and his friends stayed with a generous family who offered them homemade bread with butter and honey.3. The family’s ancestors once attended to wounded soldiers in the First World War.4. The young people attracted by the legend of Loch Ness watched over the lake with their cameras and binoculars positioned on the hill.
商業(yè)活動、人口遷徙、教育活動是文化傳播的主要途徑。隨著科學技術的不斷進步,文化傳播的手段也越來越多樣,越來越先進?,F(xiàn)代文化傳播已經(jīng)不僅限于這些,傳播的媒介越來越多。經(jīng)歷了口語、文字、印刷、電子和網(wǎng)絡等發(fā)展階段。二、大眾傳媒:現(xiàn)代文化傳播的手段1、 傳媒:傳播的媒介2、 發(fā)展:口語――文字――印刷――電子――網(wǎng)絡3、 現(xiàn)代傳媒包括:報刊、廣播、電視、網(wǎng)絡、雜志、書籍、手機、電子讀物等各種現(xiàn)代傳媒的作用各具特色,各有優(yōu)點。(學生討論并暢談各自的優(yōu)缺點)歸納:新的傳媒的出現(xiàn),并不意味著舊傳媒的消失,各種傳媒都在文化傳播中發(fā)揮著重要的作用。傳媒的真正開始面向大眾傳遞信息,是以印刷媒體的推廣為標志的。如今,依托電子技術、微電子技術、光纖通信技術、網(wǎng)絡技術、多媒體技術等現(xiàn)代信息技術,大眾傳媒能夠最大程度地穿越時空局限,匯集來自世界各地的信息,日益顯示出文化傳遞、溝通、共享的強大功能,已經(jīng)成為文化傳播的主要手段。
◇小辭典:綠色閱讀隨著知識經(jīng)濟時代的到來,全球化信息浪潮正鋪天蓋地席卷而來。尤其足隨著我國加入世貿(mào)組織由夢想變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實,同國外進行頻繁而廣泛的經(jīng)濟文化交流,在所難免。在大量文化信息面前,就像物質(zhì)生活中倡導綠色食品一樣,對于精神食糧,也應該倡導綠色閱讀。綠色閱讀,是一種無污染的有利于人健康文明生活的閱讀。文化就像大自然那種綠色帶給我們永久愉悅一樣,它是高科技競爭中源源不斷地給我們充電的高效營養(yǎng)庫,是一個沙漠中穿行人身心交瘁時望到的一片綠洲,是一個人葆有的、沒有受到任何污染的、永遠都清如許的“半畝方塘”?!笳n堂練習:在我國,必須大力倡導“愛國守法、明禮誠信、團結友善、勤儉自強、敬業(yè)奉獻,的基本道德規(guī)范。這些基本道德規(guī)范()①是我國社會主義文化建設的重要內(nèi)容②是我國社會主義社會的重要特征③是我國社會主義道德的重要體現(xiàn)④是社會主義經(jīng)濟建設的唯一精神動力
(一)、生活中的文化傳播◇課堂探究:(1)旅游歸來,介紹異國他鄉(xiāng)的風俗人情、奇聞趣事;闔家團聚,高談闊論各自的所見所聞;獨居一室,打開收音機收聽節(jié)目……這些現(xiàn)象具有哪些共同特點?生活中還有哪些現(xiàn)象屬于文化傳播?(2)你能歸納出文化傳播主要有哪幾種方式嗎?◇探究提示:(1)這些現(xiàn)象都屬于文化傳播,通過這些活動傳遞知識、信息、觀念、情感和信仰等。生活中朋友聚會、參加娛樂活動、在家上網(wǎng)看電視等,都屬于文化傳播。(2)文化傳播主要方式有:商業(yè)活動、人口遷徙、教育、文化娛樂活動等。1.文化傳播的含義文化交流的過程,就是文化傳播的過程。那么何為文化傳播?人們通過一定的方式傳遞知識、信息、觀念、情感和信仰,以及與此相關的所有社會交往活動,都可視為文化傳播。
一、知識與能力:(1)了解中國古代不同時期的文學特色;(2)了解、詩,詞、歌、賦等各種不同的知識內(nèi)容和形式,知道和掌握一定數(shù)量的名家作品;(3)拓寬文化視野,提高賞析和運用古代文學作品的能力。二、過程與方法:(1)通過教科書及教師提供的材料以及自己的日常積累,通過閱讀,討論,分析,評論了解各個不同時期的文學發(fā)展特色。(2)通過閱讀,觀察,練習,欣賞,表演,評論,創(chuàng)作等方式積極參與教學;通過獨立思考或合作學習對所學的內(nèi)容進行比較,概括和闡釋;學會合作學習和相互交流。三、情感態(tài)度與價值觀:通過本課學習,了解中國古代燦爛的文化。通過對文學家、詩人及其文學作品的分析,把學生帶進文學藝術的殿堂,感受古人的呼吸,思想,情操。增強文化修養(yǎng)。
這次大賽我們看到了啟發(fā)講授式,合作探究式,情景體驗式,信息技術與學科教學整合式等多種教學方法,各有所長,也都發(fā)揮了各自不同的教學作用。重慶的李靜老師在講《文化創(chuàng)新的途徑》這課中,從一個大家都非常關注的有些爭議的張藝謀導演的雅典奧運會閉幕式上8分鐘的表演的品評與思辯入手,學生非常興奮,又到2008年北京奧運會開幕式的點火和文藝演出的創(chuàng)新設計,教學過程中既有學生的現(xiàn)場調(diào)查,又有充分發(fā)揮學生想象力的小組合作探究,還有小組間彼此的評價。在教學方式的設計上既有體驗式,又有合作探究式,還有教師的啟發(fā)講授,多種教學方式的整合提高了課堂教學的整體效益。最后還要求學生把他們的設計通過E-mail等方式發(fā)給北京奧運會組委會,讓學生非常興奮?!?/p>
思考:在我們今天的生活中,應該如何認識“孝”道?(“孝”為中華民族傳統(tǒng)道德之本。在封建社會,“孝”被異化為封建統(tǒng)治階級統(tǒng)治人民、維系政權的一個最重要的工具;一切聽命于“一家之長”的觀念,使人們往往屈從于獨斷的權威或傳統(tǒng)的家庭禮教,失去了獨立的人格。另一方面,“孝”從它本身意義出發(fā),所包含的尊老、敬老、養(yǎng)老,以及親親、愛人、愛國,正是中華民族的一大傳統(tǒng)美德,是中華民族家庭和睦、鄰里相親、社會穩(wěn)定的重要內(nèi)在因素。因此,孝道已被列為中華傳統(tǒng)道德教育的重要內(nèi)容。)所以我們要辯證地認識傳統(tǒng)文化在現(xiàn)實生活中的作用,做到“取其精華,去其糟粕;批判繼承,古為今用”。對于傳統(tǒng)文化中符合社會發(fā)展要求的、積極的、向上的內(nèi)容,應該繼續(xù)保持和發(fā)揚。對于傳統(tǒng)文化中不符合社會發(fā)展要求的、落后的、腐朽的東西,必須“移風易俗”,自覺地加以改造或剔除。2、正確對待傳統(tǒng)文化的意義
五、課后反思課后組織學生討論對本課的感受,同學們都非常樂意采取這種上課方式,既可以通過資料的搜集、整理提高自身信息采集的能力,也能夠提高自己學習積極性,變枯燥為生動。本人在教學中也深深地感到:一方面,充分發(fā)揮學生的主體作用,有利于啟發(fā)同學的思維,培養(yǎng)自主思考的能力。而充分利用網(wǎng)絡的教學功能,將現(xiàn)代信息技術和學科教學很好地結合了起來。只有調(diào)動全體同學的積極性、主動性、創(chuàng)造性,我們的教學才能有生命力;另一方面,光有學生的活動也不行,雖然學生能夠積極投入地利用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)搜集并動手制作課件,在課堂交流中能很好地進行發(fā)散思維和創(chuàng)造性思維,但其集中思維和抽象性思維還存在一定的缺陷,主要體現(xiàn)在對搜集的材料的取舍是以及對知識點的歸納和深化方面,所以在充分發(fā)揮學生的主體作用的同時應該也必須重視教師主導作用的發(fā)揮,引導學生由形象到抽象、由發(fā)散到集中、由演繹到歸納的思維能力的逐步提高。