1.直線2x+y+8=0和直線x+y-1=0的交點坐標是( )A.(-9,-10) B.(-9,10) C.(9,10) D.(9,-10)解析:解方程組{■(2x+y+8=0"," @x+y"-" 1=0"," )┤得{■(x="-" 9"," @y=10"," )┤即交點坐標是(-9,10).答案:B 2.直線2x+3y-k=0和直線x-ky+12=0的交點在x軸上,則k的值為( )A.-24 B.24 C.6 D.± 6解析:∵直線2x+3y-k=0和直線x-ky+12=0的交點在x軸上,可設交點坐標為(a,0),∴{■(2a"-" k=0"," @a+12=0"," )┤解得{■(a="-" 12"," @k="-" 24"," )┤故選A.答案:A 3.已知直線l1:ax+y-6=0與l2:x+(a-2)y+a-1=0相交于點P,若l1⊥l2,則點P的坐標為 . 解析:∵直線l1:ax+y-6=0與l2:x+(a-2)y+a-1=0相交于點P,且l1⊥l2,∴a×1+1×(a-2)=0,解得a=1,聯(lián)立方程{■(x+y"-" 6=0"," @x"-" y=0"," )┤易得x=3,y=3,∴點P的坐標為(3,3).答案:(3,3) 4.求證:不論m為何值,直線(m-1)x+(2m-1)y=m-5都通過一定點. 證明:將原方程按m的降冪排列,整理得(x+2y-1)m-(x+y-5)=0,此式對于m的任意實數值都成立,根據恒等式的要求,m的一次項系數與常數項均等于零,故有{■(x+2y"-" 1=0"," @x+y"-" 5=0"," )┤解得{■(x=9"," @y="-" 4"." )┤
(1)幾何法它是利用圖形的幾何性質,如圓的性質等,直接求出圓的圓心和半徑,代入圓的標準方程,從而得到圓的標準方程.(2)待定系數法由三個獨立條件得到三個方程,解方程組以得到圓的標準方程中三個參數,從而確定圓的標準方程.它是求圓的方程最常用的方法,一般步驟是:①設——設所求圓的方程為(x-a)2+(y-b)2=r2;②列——由已知條件,建立關于a,b,r的方程組;③解——解方程組,求出a,b,r;④代——將a,b,r代入所設方程,得所求圓的方程.跟蹤訓練1.已知△ABC的三個頂點坐標分別為A(0,5),B(1,-2),C(-3,-4),求該三角形的外接圓的方程.[解] 法一:設所求圓的標準方程為(x-a)2+(y-b)2=r2.因為A(0,5),B(1,-2),C(-3,-4)都在圓上,所以它們的坐標都滿足圓的標準方程,于是有?0-a?2+?5-b?2=r2,?1-a?2+?-2-b?2=r2,?-3-a?2+?-4-b?2=r2.解得a=-3,b=1,r=5.故所求圓的標準方程是(x+3)2+(y-1)2=25.
1.兩圓x2+y2-1=0和x2+y2-4x+2y-4=0的位置關系是( )A.內切 B.相交 C.外切 D.外離解析:圓x2+y2-1=0表示以O1(0,0)點為圓心,以R1=1為半徑的圓.圓x2+y2-4x+2y-4=0表示以O2(2,-1)點為圓心,以R2=3為半徑的圓.∵|O1O2|=√5,∴R2-R1<|O1O2|<R2+R1,∴圓x2+y2-1=0和圓x2+y2-4x+2y-4=0相交.答案:B2.圓C1:x2+y2-12x-2y-13=0和圓C2:x2+y2+12x+16y-25=0的公共弦所在的直線方程是 . 解析:兩圓的方程相減得公共弦所在的直線方程為4x+3y-2=0.答案:4x+3y-2=03.半徑為6的圓與x軸相切,且與圓x2+(y-3)2=1內切,則此圓的方程為( )A.(x-4)2+(y-6)2=16 B.(x±4)2+(y-6)2=16C.(x-4)2+(y-6)2=36 D.(x±4)2+(y-6)2=36解析:設所求圓心坐標為(a,b),則|b|=6.由題意,得a2+(b-3)2=(6-1)2=25.若b=6,則a=±4;若b=-6,則a無解.故所求圓方程為(x±4)2+(y-6)2=36.答案:D4.若圓C1:x2+y2=4與圓C2:x2+y2-2ax+a2-1=0內切,則a等于 . 解析:圓C1的圓心C1(0,0),半徑r1=2.圓C2可化為(x-a)2+y2=1,即圓心C2(a,0),半徑r2=1,若兩圓內切,需|C1C2|=√(a^2+0^2 )=2-1=1.解得a=±1. 答案:±1 5. 已知兩個圓C1:x2+y2=4,C2:x2+y2-2x-4y+4=0,直線l:x+2y=0,求經過C1和C2的交點且和l相切的圓的方程.解:設所求圓的方程為x2+y2+4-2x-4y+λ(x2+y2-4)=0,即(1+λ)x2+(1+λ)y2-2x-4y+4(1-λ)=0.所以圓心為 1/(1+λ),2/(1+λ) ,半徑為1/2 √((("-" 2)/(1+λ)) ^2+(("-" 4)/(1+λ)) ^2 "-" 16((1"-" λ)/(1+λ))),即|1/(1+λ)+4/(1+λ)|/√5=1/2 √((4+16"-" 16"(" 1"-" λ^2 ")" )/("(" 1+λ")" ^2 )).解得λ=±1,舍去λ=-1,圓x2+y2=4顯然不符合題意,故所求圓的方程為x2+y2-x-2y=0.
【答案】B [由直線方程知直線斜率為3,令x=0可得在y軸上的截距為y=-3.故選B.]3.已知直線l1過點P(2,1)且與直線l2:y=x+1垂直,則l1的點斜式方程為________.【答案】y-1=-(x-2) [直線l2的斜率k2=1,故l1的斜率為-1,所以l1的點斜式方程為y-1=-(x-2).]4.已知兩條直線y=ax-2和y=(2-a)x+1互相平行,則a=________. 【答案】1 [由題意得a=2-a,解得a=1.]5.無論k取何值,直線y-2=k(x+1)所過的定點是 . 【答案】(-1,2)6.直線l經過點P(3,4),它的傾斜角是直線y=3x+3的傾斜角的2倍,求直線l的點斜式方程.【答案】直線y=3x+3的斜率k=3,則其傾斜角α=60°,所以直線l的傾斜角為120°.以直線l的斜率為k′=tan 120°=-3.所以直線l的點斜式方程為y-4=-3(x-3).
切線方程的求法1.求過圓上一點P(x0,y0)的圓的切線方程:先求切點與圓心連線的斜率k,則由垂直關系,切線斜率為-1/k,由點斜式方程可求得切線方程.若k=0或斜率不存在,則由圖形可直接得切線方程為y=b或x=a.2.求過圓外一點P(x0,y0)的圓的切線時,常用幾何方法求解設切線方程為y-y0=k(x-x0),即kx-y-kx0+y0=0,由圓心到直線的距離等于半徑,可求得k,進而切線方程即可求出.但要注意,此時的切線有兩條,若求出的k值只有一個時,則另一條切線的斜率一定不存在,可通過數形結合求出.例3 求直線l:3x+y-6=0被圓C:x2+y2-2y-4=0截得的弦長.思路分析:解法一求出直線與圓的交點坐標,解法二利用弦長公式,解法三利用幾何法作出直角三角形,三種解法都可求得弦長.解法一由{■(3x+y"-" 6=0"," @x^2+y^2 "-" 2y"-" 4=0"," )┤得交點A(1,3),B(2,0),故弦AB的長為|AB|=√("(" 2"-" 1")" ^2+"(" 0"-" 3")" ^2 )=√10.解法二由{■(3x+y"-" 6=0"," @x^2+y^2 "-" 2y"-" 4=0"," )┤消去y,得x2-3x+2=0.設兩交點A,B的坐標分別為A(x1,y1),B(x2,y2),則由根與系數的關系,得x1+x2=3,x1·x2=2.∴|AB|=√("(" x_2 "-" x_1 ")" ^2+"(" y_2 "-" y_1 ")" ^2 )=√(10"[(" x_1+x_2 ")" ^2 "-" 4x_1 x_2 "]" ┴" " )=√(10×"(" 3^2 "-" 4×2")" )=√10,即弦AB的長為√10.解法三圓C:x2+y2-2y-4=0可化為x2+(y-1)2=5,其圓心坐標(0,1),半徑r=√5,點(0,1)到直線l的距離為d=("|" 3×0+1"-" 6"|" )/√(3^2+1^2 )=√10/2,所以半弦長為("|" AB"|" )/2=√(r^2 "-" d^2 )=√("(" √5 ")" ^2 "-" (√10/2) ^2 )=√10/2,所以弦長|AB|=√10.
解析:①過原點時,直線方程為y=-34x.②直線不過原點時,可設其方程為xa+ya=1,∴4a+-3a=1,∴a=1.∴直線方程為x+y-1=0.所以這樣的直線有2條,選B.答案:B4.若點P(3,m)在過點A(2,-1),B(-3,4)的直線上,則m= . 解析:由兩點式方程得,過A,B兩點的直線方程為(y"-(-" 1")" )/(4"-(-" 1")" )=(x"-" 2)/("-" 3"-" 2),即x+y-1=0.又點P(3,m)在直線AB上,所以3+m-1=0,得m=-2.答案:-2 5.直線ax+by=1(ab≠0)與兩坐標軸圍成的三角形的面積是 . 解析:直線在兩坐標軸上的截距分別為1/a 與 1/b,所以直線與坐標軸圍成的三角形面積為1/(2"|" ab"|" ).答案:1/(2"|" ab"|" )6.已知三角形的三個頂點A(0,4),B(-2,6),C(-8,0).(1)求三角形三邊所在直線的方程;(2)求AC邊上的垂直平分線的方程.解析(1)直線AB的方程為y-46-4=x-0-2-0,整理得x+y-4=0;直線BC的方程為y-06-0=x+8-2+8,整理得x-y+8=0;由截距式可知,直線AC的方程為x-8+y4=1,整理得x-2y+8=0.(2)線段AC的中點為D(-4,2),直線AC的斜率為12,則AC邊上的垂直平分線的斜率為-2,所以AC邊的垂直平分線的方程為y-2=-2(x+4),整理得2x+y+6=0.
4.已知△ABC三個頂點坐標A(-1,3),B(-3,0),C(1,2),求△ABC的面積S.【解析】由直線方程的兩點式得直線BC的方程為 = ,即x-2y+3=0,由兩點間距離公式得|BC|= ,點A到BC的距離為d,即為BC邊上的高,d= ,所以S= |BC|·d= ×2 × =4,即△ABC的面積為4.5.已知直線l經過點P(0,2),且A(1,1),B(-3,1)兩點到直線l的距離相等,求直線l的方程.解:(方法一)∵點A(1,1)與B(-3,1)到y(tǒng)軸的距離不相等,∴直線l的斜率存在,設為k.又直線l在y軸上的截距為2,則直線l的方程為y=kx+2,即kx-y+2=0.由點A(1,1)與B(-3,1)到直線l的距離相等,∴直線l的方程是y=2或x-y+2=0.得("|" k"-" 1+2"|" )/√(k^2+1)=("|-" 3k"-" 1+2"|" )/√(k^2+1),解得k=0或k=1.(方法二)當直線l過線段AB的中點時,A,B兩點到直線l的距離相等.∵AB的中點是(-1,1),又直線l過點P(0,2),∴直線l的方程是x-y+2=0.當直線l∥AB時,A,B兩點到直線l的距離相等.∵直線AB的斜率為0,∴直線l的斜率為0,∴直線l的方程為y=2.綜上所述,滿足條件的直線l的方程是x-y+2=0或y=2.
The topic of this part is “Write about your festival experience”.During the Listening and Speaking and Talking, students are just asked to say out their festival experiences such as the Spring Festival, Mid-autumn Day, but this part students will be asked to write down their own festival experiences. During the reading part, it introduces the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which can give students a good example to imitate. Students not only learn the festival, but touch and feel the Inner Mongolian’s character, the spirit and cultural atmosphere, which can help students form the cultural awareness and learn to enjoy and value the diversity of Chinese culture.Concretely, the dairy tells the experience that the author spent the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region with his/her friend. The structure is clear. In the opening paragraph, it introduces the topic of the Naadam Festival and the whole feeling. Then it introduces the items of the festival like the ceremony, wrestling and horse racing. Finally, it summarizes this experience. Because this part is a travel journal, we must guide students pay more attention to these details: 1. use the first person. 2. use the past tense to tell the past thing and use the present or future tense to describe the scenery. 3. use the timeline to tell the development. 4. be careful for the author’s psychology, emotion and feeling, etc.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information about Naadam Festival.2. Learn the structure of the reading article and language.3. Write an article about a festival experience4. Learn to use the psychology, emotions and feeling in the writing.1. Write an article about a festival experience.2. Use the structure of the reading article and language.
Everybody wants to get wealth.In today’s material world,making money or becoming wealthy symbolizes a person’s success and capability. Many people just make every effort, pay any price to attain greater wealth. With money,they can buy nice, large apartments in nice neighborhood. With money they can own luxurious cars. Wealth seems to bring all happiness in life.But is wealth the only road to happiness? Not really. There are many things in the world, which are beyond the means of money, such as friendship, love, health and knowledge. People are so preoccupied with struggling for money that they have no time or would not take the time to form or maintain friendship. What happiness can they feel living as lonely miserable creatures without love or friends in the world even if they accumulate tremendous wealth?In my opinion, people can’t do anything without money, but money is not everything. What money will bring you depends on your personal belief and goal in life. If you are kind enough to help others, especially the poor, money is a good thing to you. With it, you can do much more for the benefit of people and your country, and it will add to your own happiness. If you want money just for your own needs, you’ll never be satisfied or happy. In a word,you should have money spent for more people. Only then can money be the source of your happiness.Step 8 Homework4 students in a group, one acts Roderick, one Oliver, one servant and the fourth one acts Henry Adams, then listen to the tape, pay more attention to the difference between American English and British English in pronunciation, stress, tone.
【參考范文】Narrator:(Henry is smiling as he leaves the restaurant. As he is walking down the street, he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to get it cut. )H=Henry;B=Barber;R=rude manH:Good afternoon, I'd like to get a cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry's hair and continues cutting another man's hair. )Er, I'd really like a haircut. As you can see it's much too long. B:(in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H:Fine, well I'll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber's chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B:It's quite expensive here, you know!Are you sure you can afford it?H:Yes. I think so. (In comes the rude man. )R:Hey you there. I need a haircut quickly. Can you do me straightaway?B:All right, then, get in the chair and I'll see what I can do. R:Thank you. (sits down in one of the barber's chairs)H:Excuse me, but I was here first. Aren't you going to do my hair first?B:This man's in a hurry. H:Well so am I!I insist that you cut my hair first. B:OK, but I'll have to be quick. This gentleman is waiting. H:Thank you. (They both become quiet. After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B:Why, Mr . . . (looks shocked)H:Adams. Henry Adams. I'm sorry, I don't have any change. R:You're that Mr Adams! Well,I'm glad I waited or I might never have known it was you. B:Why, Mr Adams, please don't worry!(wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about!Nothing at all!Please come back any time, even if you only need too little hairs cut!It will be my honour to serve you!
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “talking about how to become an astronaut”. This period is aimed to inform students some details about the requirements of being an astronaut. Students can be motivated and inspired by the astronauts. Teachers ought to encourage students to learn from them and let them aim high and dream big.Listening and Talking introduces the theme of "talk about life in space". This part also informs students more details about life in space and can inspire students to be curious about this job. 1. Guide students to listen for numbers concerning dates, years and ages etc2. Cultivate students' ability to talk about how to become an astronaut and life in space ; 3. Instruct students to use functional sentences of the dialogue such as “ first of all, I am not sure, so what might be .. I guess.. I wonder…I am curious…)appropriately.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of the whole and key details; 2. Cultivate students' ability to guess the meaning of words in listening; discuss with their peers how to become a qualified astronaut and describe the life in space.Part 1: Listening and SpeakingStep 1: Lead inPredictionThe teacher can ask students to predict what the listening text is about by looking at the pictures.About how to become an astronaut./the requirements of an astronautStep 2: Then, play the radio which is about an interview a. And after finishing listening for the first time, the students need to solve the following tasks.
Q4: What is the function of the International exploration ?Having astronauts from different countries on boardQ5: What can you learn from Para 4 ?China has made great achievements in exploring spaceQ6: What is the attitude to the space exploration ?SupportiveStep 6 Post reading---RetellPeople have always wanted to learn more about space. Before the mid-20th century, most people felt (1)_________ (travel) into space was an impossible dream. However, (2)____ the help of scientists, peoplesucceeded in realizing their dream (3) _________ (explore) space. On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite (4) ____________(launch) by the USSR. (5) ________________ scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen. These disasters made everyone(6)___________(disappoint), but people still believe in the importance of (7) ________(carry) on space exploration. In 2003, China became the third country to (8)_____________ (independent) send humans into space. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed (9)____ second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk. In spite of the difficulties, scientists hope future (10)__________ (discovery) will not only enable us to understand the universe but also help us survive well into the future.Answers: 1. travelling 2. with 3. to explore 4. was launched 5. Although6. disappointed 7. carrying 8. independently 9. a 10. discoveriesStep 6 Post reading---Critical thinkingQ1: What do you think of the space exploration ? I think it is beneficial to us. Through further study of space, people will make full use of it in the future, such as the space experiments by Wang Yaping in Tian Gong 1.Q2: If you are determined to be an astronaut, what should you prepare at present ?First of all, I should study hard to get a related college degree. Besides, I must keep mental and physical healthy.Step 7. HomeworkTry to summarize the structure of the article by a mind map.
另一方面,其余的人反對這個計劃,因為它可能會導致一些不好的影響。7.I hold the belief that space exploration not only enable us to understand how the universe began but also help us survived well into the future.我堅信探索太空不僅能夠使我們了解宇宙的起源而且能夠幫助我們更好地走進未來。8.I think we should spend more time and money exploring space so as to provide new and better solutions to people's shortterm and longterm problems.為了給人類的短期和長期問題提供更新和更好的解決方法,我認為我們應該花更多的時間和金錢來探索太空。9.From my point of view,it is wrong of young people to depend on their telephones too much,which may do harm to both their physical and mental health.在我看來,年輕人過度依賴手機是不對的,因為它們可能會對他們的身心健康都有害。最近你班同學就“人類是否應該進行宇宙探索”這個問題進行了激烈的討論。有人認為,探索宇宙不僅讓人類更好地了解宇宙的發(fā)展,還可以用來指導農業(yè)生產,以及把一些探索太空的高新技術用于現(xiàn)實生活;也有一些人認為探索太空花掉了大量的人力物力;影響了人們的生活水平。請你根據以下情況寫一篇報告并發(fā)表自己的觀點。注意:1.寫作內容應包括以上全部要點,可適當發(fā)揮,使上下文連貫;
(2)歷史課本中歷朝歷代的文化發(fā)展。(3)政治生活中關于綜合國力競爭的相關知識。(4)了解文化產業(yè)的發(fā)展,深入體會知識經濟、文化經濟現(xiàn)象。五、【方法點津】:(1)堅持理論聯(lián)系實際的方法,感悟文化現(xiàn)象,理解文化內涵,分析文化的作用,增強文化學習的自覺性。(2)自學探究。以課本的簡單提示為線索,深入探究文化與經濟、政治的相互交融,探究文化在綜合國力競爭中的地位和作用。(3)集體討論。針對當前國際競爭的實質,探討我國應如何發(fā)展文化產業(yè)、發(fā)展文化生產力、增強文化競爭力;討淪為更好地應對文化競爭,作為中學生目前應做好哪些準備。六、【課文導語】:文化,一個我們十分熟悉的詞匯。然而“熟知并非真知”。有人說,文化是知識;有人說,文化是藝術。究竟什么是“文化”?只要在社會生活中細細體味,我們就能真切地感悟“文化”的內涵與文化的力量。
一、說教材《真理誕生于一百個問號之后》是統(tǒng)編語文小學六年級下冊第五單元中的一篇精讀課文,屬于議論文。課文的題目也是課文的主要觀點。課文用三個具體確鑿的事例論述了只要善于觀察,不斷發(fā)問,不斷解決疑問,鍥而不舍地追根求源,就能在現(xiàn)實生活中發(fā)現(xiàn)真理。 選編這篇課文的意圖,一是讓學生了解科學家發(fā)現(xiàn)的一般規(guī)律——真理誕生于一百個問號之后,從中感受到,領悟到:見微知著,獨立思考,鍥而不舍,不斷探索的科學精神。二是學習課文用具體典型的事例說明觀點的寫作方法了解議論文的形式。二、說教學目標1.會寫“域、慣”等12個字,會寫“真理、領域”等詞語。 2.能聯(lián)系上下文理解含義深刻的句子。能仿照課文的寫法寫一段話,用具體事實說明一個觀點。 3.理解三個關于科學發(fā)現(xiàn)的故事,能從具體事例中正確理解“真理誕生于一百個問號之后”的含義。
這樣的設計是因為低年級的學生比較喜歡聽故事,充分調到他們的積極性,使之不感覺乏味。最后是回顧小結,總結收獲。首先讓學生說說本節(jié)課有哪些地方需要提醒同學們注意。。然后,教師進行恰當評價。此環(huán)節(jié)通過師生互動、生生互動,經歷一次再學習、再鞏固的過程。這節(jié)課中,我有淺入深,讓學生體會到數學與現(xiàn)實生活的密切聯(lián)系,讓學生能夠實實在在的從課堂學習中獲取新知,建立數學模型,培養(yǎng)能力,發(fā)展思維,從而喜歡數學課,熱愛數學學科。整堂課教學設計結構嚴謹、條理清楚、層層深入。既重視了知識本身的建構,又重視了課堂結構的建構,充分體現(xiàn)了學生從“問題情境—建立數學模型—解釋、應用與拓展”的意義建構的學習過程。學習無止境,在今后的教學中,我會更加努力地鉆研教材、設計教法,力爭使每一節(jié)數學課都能達到理想的教學效果。
3.教學要求:知識能力訓練點:學生通過教師引導以及小組自主合作,能根據課后注釋疏通全文,了解故事內容。能有感情地朗讀課文,背誦課文,做到正確、節(jié)奏停頓得當、抑揚頓挫,從反復誦讀中初步感悟文言文中特殊的語言現(xiàn)象。過程方法引導點:通過教師引導,學生自悟自得,初步了解文言文學習的方法。(根據注釋、聯(lián)系上下文讀通、讀懂、熟讀成誦。)情感態(tài)度滲透點:學生能從文中體會到做事必須專心致志,不可三心二意的道理。能從課內外延伸結合中進一步了解我國輝煌燦爛的古代文化,增加學生學習語文的興趣,全面提高學生語文綜合素養(yǎng)。4.教學重難點:古文與現(xiàn)代白話文相比,在用詞造句上截然不同,能否正確地斷句,流利地朗讀,是首先遇到的困難。因此要把指導學生朗讀和背誦作為本課教學重點。從理解課文方面看,難點在于讓學生參考課后注釋讀懂每句話的意思,整體感知課文內容,所以要將此點作為難點來突破。由此可見,兩者相輔相成,互相滲透,而利用CAI課件為學生提供形象生動的畫面,創(chuàng)設情境加強對學生朗讀的指導是突破本課教學重難點的關鍵。
統(tǒng)編教材語文三年級下冊第七單元口語交際 《勸說》說課稿 今日,我說課的題目是統(tǒng)編教材小學語文三年級下冊第七單元口語交際《勸說》。我主要從以下六個方面進展說課,一、說教材,二、說學情,三、說教學目標,四、說教學過程,五、說板書設計,六、說教學反思。 一、說教材 “勸說”是日常人際交往中常用的溝通方式,也是現(xiàn)代公民現(xiàn)實生活的需要。本課教材由三局部組成。 第一局部是一幅情境圖,一個同學坐在樓梯扶手上往下滑。通過泡泡圖里三個同學的不同勸說,引發(fā)學生思索并爭論:你覺得那個同學更有可能承受誰的勸說?為什么?在比擬中幫忙學生感知、理解勸說的要領。
二、教學目標簡介根據教材特點以及八年級學生的知識基礎和心理發(fā)展水平,我們組把本課的教學目標定為:1、知識與能力目標:(1)學會按要求篩選相關信息并概括文章要點,了解物候的有關知識。新課標中強調閱讀教學要重視培養(yǎng)學生的默讀能力,能夠在通讀全文的基礎上理清思路,理解文章主要內容。這個目標的設定就是基于此。(2)體會科普說明文語言具體生動、形象、準確的特點,增強語言感悟力。為了在教學過程中實現(xiàn)這一目標,我們采用把詞典中有關物候的解釋與課文內容進行比較,初步感知本文語言特色,再讓學生找出課文中具有生動、形象、準確的特點語句,進行自主品味分析領悟,而后全班交流,朗讀感受等方法步驟。
一.說教材1.教材的地位及作用《壺口瀑布》是人民教育出版社《語文》(基礎模塊)下冊第5單元的第一篇課文,也是大綱要求基礎模塊下冊“閱讀與欣賞”的第一篇課文。本單元主題是“人與自然”,教學目的是使學生正確理解人類和大自然的關系,直面如何善待自然,善待每一個生命等問題,從而獲得新的感悟。課文通過對壺口瀑布,對黃河的贊美,聯(lián)想到人勇往直前的精神;對大自然的贊美和對人性精神的贊美,正是落實本單元學習目的的載體。2.教學目標根據大綱要求,我從教材和學生實際出發(fā),確定了知識、能力、情感三個教學目標。知識目標是:感受壺口瀑布雄偉壯闊的氣勢,了解壺口瀑布的特點。能力目標是:領會課文運用多種手法描寫壺口瀑布的妙處,學習多種描寫手法的運用。情感目標是:領悟作者借自然景觀所表達的對于人生的思考和對于民族精神的歌頌。
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