一、學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)分析1.教材的地位和作用在物理學(xué)中,能量并不是由功定義的。能量的概念是在人類追尋“運(yùn)動(dòng)中的守恒量是什么”的過程中發(fā)展起來的。能量概念之所以重要,就是因?yàn)樗且粋€(gè)守恒量。守恒關(guān)系是自然中十分重要的關(guān)系,從中學(xué)開始加強(qiáng)學(xué)生對守恒關(guān)系的認(rèn)識(shí)是有益的,因?yàn)樗菢O為重要的研究方向。根據(jù)這種認(rèn)識(shí),所以本節(jié)從追尋守恒量出發(fā)引入能量概念,為能量學(xué)習(xí)奠定了基礎(chǔ)并把這種物理思想滲透在能量學(xué)習(xí)的全過程。2.學(xué)習(xí)的主要任務(wù)“追尋守恒量”一節(jié),主要是使學(xué)生了解守恒思想的重要性。學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)本節(jié)課前已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)了能量的有關(guān)知識(shí),在過去的教學(xué)中,是先學(xué)習(xí)能量的概念,而后研究一兩個(gè)具體問題,發(fā)現(xiàn)動(dòng)能與勢能之和在某些過程中不變,由此引出機(jī)械能守恒定律?!皺C(jī)械能守恒”這個(gè)詞學(xué)生并不陌生,但是讓學(xué)生說出自己對它的認(rèn)識(shí)又不是一件容易的事。
知識(shí)與技能1.知道地心說和日心說的基本內(nèi)容.2.知道所有行星繞太陽運(yùn)動(dòng)的軌道都是橢圓,太陽處在橢圓的一個(gè)焦點(diǎn)上.3.知道所有行星的軌道的半長軸的三次方跟它的公轉(zhuǎn)周期的二次方的比值都相等,且這個(gè)比值與行星的質(zhì)量無關(guān),但與太陽的質(zhì)量有關(guān).4.理解人們對行星運(yùn)動(dòng)的認(rèn)識(shí)過程是漫長復(fù)雜的,真理是來之不易的.過程與方法通過托勒密、哥白尼、第谷·布拉赫、開普勒等幾位科學(xué)家對行星運(yùn)動(dòng)的不同認(rèn)識(shí),了解人類認(rèn)識(shí)事物本質(zhì)的曲折性并加深對行星運(yùn)動(dòng)的理解.情感、態(tài)度與價(jià)值觀1.澄清對天體運(yùn)動(dòng)裨秘、模糊的認(rèn)識(shí),掌握人類認(rèn)識(shí)自然規(guī)律的科學(xué)方法.2.感悟科學(xué)是人類進(jìn)步不竭的動(dòng)力.教學(xué)重點(diǎn)理解和掌握開普勒行星運(yùn)動(dòng)定律,認(rèn)識(shí)行星的運(yùn)動(dòng).學(xué)好本節(jié)有利于對宇宙中行星的運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律的認(rèn)識(shí),掌握人類認(rèn)識(shí)自然規(guī)律的科學(xué)方法,并有利于對人造衛(wèi)星的學(xué)習(xí).
(給出儀器后先讓學(xué)生思考如何設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)驗(yàn)、安裝儀器、設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟,而后教師總結(jié))實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟如下:①安裝調(diào)整斜槽 :用圖釘把白紙釘在豎直板上,在木板的左上角固定斜槽。②調(diào)整木板 :用懸掛在槽口的重錘線把木板調(diào)整到豎直方向,并使木板平面與小球下落的豎直面平行,然后把重錘線方向記錄到釘在木板上的白紙上,固定木板,使在重復(fù)實(shí)驗(yàn)的過程中,木板與斜槽的相對位置保持不變。③確定坐標(biāo)原點(diǎn):把小球放在槽口處,用鉛筆記下小球在槽口時(shí)球心在木板上的水平投影點(diǎn)O,O即為坐標(biāo)原點(diǎn)。④描繪運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡 :用鉛筆的筆尖輕輕地靠在木板的平面上,不斷調(diào)整筆尖的位置,使從斜槽上滾下的小球正好碰到筆尖,然后就用鉛筆在該處白紙上點(diǎn)上一個(gè)黑點(diǎn),這就記下了小球球心所對應(yīng)的位置。保證小球每次從槽上開始滾下的位置都相同,用同樣的方法可找出小球平拋軌跡上的一系列位置。取下白紙,描繪小球做平拋運(yùn)動(dòng)的軌跡。
動(dòng)畫展示三個(gè)宇宙速度(四) 讓學(xué)生具有振興中華的使命感與責(zé)任感本節(jié)課的最后,播放了一段美國登月的視頻,讓學(xué)生發(fā)現(xiàn)一些奇妙的物理現(xiàn)象,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生發(fā)現(xiàn)月球的背景是什么顏色,宇航員行走的模樣等等,預(yù)計(jì)不久的將來,哪個(gè)國家也將登上月球,同學(xué)們高呼“中國”,那么我們現(xiàn)在能做些什么呢,讓同學(xué)感想到:我們是祖國的未來的希望,現(xiàn)在需要努力學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)文化知識(shí),將來為祖國的航天事業(yè)做貢獻(xiàn)。要培養(yǎng)學(xué)生堅(jiān)韌不撥、勇于探索、協(xié)力合作的科學(xué)精神以及嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)求實(shí)、謙虛謹(jǐn)慎、勇于質(zhì)疑科學(xué)態(tài)度;也要培養(yǎng)學(xué)習(xí)者熱愛科學(xué)、熱愛祖國的情感;努力學(xué)習(xí)、振興中華的責(zé)任感。這些策略在本案例中得到了體現(xiàn)。(五)練習(xí)反饋,拓展延伸:[例題1]“2003年10月15日9時(shí),我國神舟五號(hào)宇宙飛船在酒泉衛(wèi)星發(fā)射中心成功發(fā)射,把我國第一位航天員楊利偉送入太空。飛船繞地球飛行14圈后,于10月16日6時(shí)23分安全降落在內(nèi)蒙古主著陸場。”
《勻速圓周運(yùn)動(dòng)》為高中物理必修2第五章第4節(jié).它是學(xué)生在充分掌握了曲線運(yùn)動(dòng)的規(guī)律和曲線運(yùn)動(dòng)問題的處理方法后,接觸到的又一個(gè)美麗的曲線運(yùn)動(dòng),本節(jié)內(nèi)容作為該章節(jié)的重要部分,主要要向?qū)W生介紹描述圓周運(yùn)動(dòng)的幾個(gè)基本概念,為后繼的學(xué)習(xí)打下一個(gè)良好的基礎(chǔ)。人教版教材有一個(gè)的特點(diǎn)就是以實(shí)驗(yàn)事實(shí)為基礎(chǔ),讓學(xué)生得出感性認(rèn)識(shí),再通過理論分析總結(jié)出規(guī)律,從而形成理性認(rèn)識(shí)。教科書在列舉了生活中了一些圓周運(yùn)動(dòng)情景后,通過觀察自行車大齒輪、小齒輪、后輪的關(guān)聯(lián)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng),提出了描述圓周運(yùn)動(dòng)的物體運(yùn)動(dòng)快慢的問題。二、教學(xué)目標(biāo)1.知識(shí)與技能①知道什么是圓周運(yùn)動(dòng)、什么是勻速圓周運(yùn)動(dòng)。理解線速度的概念;理解角速度和周期的概念,會(huì)用它們的公式進(jìn)行計(jì)算。②理解線速度、角速度、周期之間的關(guān)系:v=rω=2πr/T。③理解勻速圓周運(yùn)動(dòng)是變速運(yùn)動(dòng)。④能夠用勻速圓周運(yùn)動(dòng)的有關(guān)公式分析和解決具體情景中的問題。
【反思】本節(jié)課的教學(xué)注重體現(xiàn)了情境教學(xué)在教學(xué)中的運(yùn)用。課堂上體現(xiàn)了這樣幾個(gè)特點(diǎn):1.數(shù)學(xué)知識(shí)與生活實(shí)際相結(jié)合。數(shù)學(xué)來源于生活,生活中處處有數(shù)學(xué)。小學(xué)生對熟悉的生活情境和事物感興趣。所以我從他們熟悉的事物中尋找教學(xué)題材,設(shè)計(jì)了有趣的情景教學(xué)。讓學(xué)生感到數(shù)學(xué)知識(shí)就在他們身邊,感到數(shù)學(xué)的作用,設(shè)計(jì)了作息時(shí)間表。這樣,既鞏固了時(shí)間的知識(shí)。又可以教育學(xué)生在生活中要合理安排時(shí)間,不要浪費(fèi)時(shí)間,做時(shí)間的主人。2.注重在學(xué)習(xí)中自主探究,合作交流。在教學(xué)《時(shí)間的計(jì)算》時(shí),讓學(xué)生用自己制作的學(xué)具表親自動(dòng)手撥一撥,想一想讓他們主動(dòng)嘗試自主發(fā)展。教學(xué)例2時(shí)讓他們小組合作交流學(xué)習(xí)方法。這些都體現(xiàn)了培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的能力.自主探究的精神。
(設(shè)計(jì)意圖:讓學(xué)生充分表述自己的想法,強(qiáng)化學(xué)生的應(yīng)用意識(shí),培養(yǎng)學(xué)生解決實(shí)際問題的能力。從中發(fā)現(xiàn)可能性會(huì)隨著數(shù)量的變化而變化的。)(四)歸納總結(jié),完善認(rèn)知1、學(xué)生匯報(bào)學(xué)習(xí)所得。(使學(xué)生體驗(yàn)探索成功的喜悅)2、教師評(píng)價(jià)學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度。(讓學(xué)生感受學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)我能行)五、板書科學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)簡單明了,重點(diǎn)突出,加深對所學(xué)知識(shí)的理解和掌握。通過以上創(chuàng)新處理,營造寬松的學(xué)習(xí)氛圍,為學(xué)生創(chuàng)造聯(lián)想猜測、動(dòng)手操作、合作交流、自主探究、解決問題的機(jī)會(huì),使學(xué)生在“自主——合作——探究”的學(xué)習(xí)過程中,體驗(yàn)數(shù)學(xué)探索成功的喜悅,體會(huì)到數(shù)學(xué)課堂充滿生命的活力。以上是我對本節(jié)課的一些設(shè)想,還有待于在實(shí)踐中去完善,如有不當(dāng)之處,敬請各位專家評(píng)委給予批評(píng)和指正。
(3)補(bǔ)充題:2008年的奧運(yùn)會(huì)在北京舉行,小明的爸爸決定去北京觀看一些比賽項(xiàng)目,為中國健兒加油。如果坐汽車,每小時(shí)行使60千米,4小時(shí)可以多少千米?如果坐火車,火車的速度是汽車的2倍,同樣的時(shí)間可以行使多少千米?這題的第2個(gè)問題中蘊(yùn)含著兩種解題思路,讓學(xué)生說一說、比一比。一種是根據(jù)速度×時(shí)間=路程的數(shù)量關(guān)系,先算出變化了的那個(gè)因數(shù)是多少,再求積。另一種是根據(jù)一個(gè)因數(shù)不變,另一個(gè)因數(shù)乘以幾,原來的積也乘以幾解決問題。兩種方法得出的積相同,使學(xué)生體會(huì)積的變化規(guī)律是客觀存在的普遍規(guī)律?!涸O(shè)計(jì)理念』在層次分明,形式多樣的練習(xí)中,通過讓學(xué)生想一想、填一填、說一說,使學(xué)生在規(guī)律的應(yīng)用中逐步加深對積的變化規(guī)律的理解。
3.第三個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)是:鞏固深化,應(yīng)用新知。首先讓學(xué)生完成課本76頁練習(xí)十三的第一題。主要是檢驗(yàn)學(xué)生對復(fù)式折線統(tǒng)計(jì)圖繪制方法的掌握情況,并能對復(fù)式折線統(tǒng)計(jì)圖所表達(dá)的信息進(jìn)行簡單的分析、比較。練習(xí)時(shí),先讓學(xué)生在書上獨(dú)立完成,再說一說制圖的正確步驟,我用多媒體演示,并提醒學(xué)生注意最高氣溫和最低氣溫對應(yīng)的折線各用什么表示,還要寫上數(shù)據(jù)和制圖日期,根據(jù)學(xué)生的制作情況,還可以組織學(xué)生討論一下,兩條折線上的數(shù)據(jù)怎樣寫就不混淆了?最后讓學(xué)生看圖回答題中的問題,這里重點(diǎn)幫助學(xué)生弄清“溫差”的含義,另外,在回答最后一個(gè)問題時(shí),學(xué)生可能會(huì)說“我喜歡看統(tǒng)計(jì)圖”,我就重點(diǎn)讓學(xué)生說說為什么喜歡看統(tǒng)計(jì)圖?從而讓學(xué)生進(jìn)一步體會(huì)復(fù)式折線統(tǒng)計(jì)圖的直觀、形象的優(yōu)越性
師:同學(xué)們,在四年級(jí)的時(shí)候,我們已經(jīng)了解了圖形的密鋪,請你說一說,什么是圖形的密鋪?(沒有重疊、沒有空隙地鋪在平面上,就是密鋪。)師:圖形的密鋪又可以叫做鑲嵌,以上四個(gè)圖片,都是由哪些基本圖形密鋪(鑲嵌)而成的呢?(請學(xué)生邊指邊說。)師:還有哪些圖形也可以鑲嵌?(學(xué)生可能回答:三角形,平行四邊形,梯形,菱形,正六邊形,……)師:今天就請你發(fā)揮一下想象力,設(shè)計(jì)一些與眾不同的鑲嵌圖形。[設(shè)計(jì)意圖說明:學(xué)生在四年級(jí)已經(jīng)初步了解了圖形的密鋪(鑲嵌)現(xiàn)象,四幅圖片是四年級(jí)下冊教材《三角形》單元中《密鋪》內(nèi)容中的原圖。本單元在此基礎(chǔ)上,通過數(shù)學(xué)游戲拓展鑲嵌圖形的范圍,讓學(xué)生用圖形變換設(shè)計(jì)鑲嵌圖案,進(jìn)一步感受圖形變換帶來的美感以及在生活中的應(yīng)用。]二、新授探究一:利用平移變換設(shè)計(jì)鑲嵌圖形
學(xué)生在一年級(jí)上冊開始學(xué)習(xí)簡單的分類整理,初步認(rèn)識(shí)了象形統(tǒng)計(jì)圖和簡單的統(tǒng)計(jì)表。本課繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)統(tǒng)計(jì),以整理隨機(jī)出現(xiàn)的簡單數(shù)據(jù)為主要內(nèi)容,并把經(jīng)過整理的數(shù)據(jù)填進(jìn)簡單的統(tǒng)計(jì)表。在統(tǒng)計(jì)過程中,讓學(xué)生學(xué)到一些比較容易的統(tǒng)計(jì)方法,滲透統(tǒng)計(jì)的思想和方法,激發(fā)培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)熱情和信心。三、教學(xué)目標(biāo):1、使學(xué)生體驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)的收集、整理、描述和分析的過程,了解統(tǒng)計(jì)的意義,會(huì)用簡單的方法收集和表現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)。2、認(rèn)識(shí)條形統(tǒng)計(jì)圖,明確用1格表示5個(gè)單位的表現(xiàn)形式,能根據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)圖提出問題,并初步進(jìn)行簡單的預(yù)測。3、在學(xué)習(xí)過程中培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的實(shí)踐能力與合作意識(shí)。四、重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)教學(xué)重點(diǎn):使學(xué)生認(rèn)識(shí)條形統(tǒng)計(jì)圖,明確可以用一格表示5個(gè)單位。教學(xué)難點(diǎn):引導(dǎo)學(xué)生通過合作討論找到切實(shí)可行的解決問題的方法。
四、教學(xué)流程分析 (一)激趣引入,創(chuàng)設(shè)情境 充分利用情境,讓學(xué)生感受統(tǒng)計(jì)的必要性,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生體會(huì)到解決這類問題的思路是:收集數(shù)據(jù)、整理數(shù)據(jù)、做出決策,從而使學(xué)生從感性認(rèn)識(shí)上升到理性認(rèn)識(shí),既培養(yǎng)了解決實(shí)際問題的能力,也使學(xué)生感到學(xué)習(xí)扇形統(tǒng)計(jì)圖的必要性。利用多媒體提供學(xué)生感興趣的生活資料,讓學(xué)生收集、整理、分析信息,激發(fā)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)興趣,體會(huì)數(shù)學(xué)來源于生活。 (二)新舊知識(shí)對比,探究學(xué)習(xí) 教師在設(shè)計(jì)時(shí),對教材上的例題和有關(guān)練習(xí)作了修改,從書本指向性非常明確的問題改成了完全開放的問題,有效培養(yǎng)了學(xué)生的識(shí)圖能力,增強(qiáng)了學(xué)生思維的開放性。多媒體展示同學(xué)們知道的七大洲四大洋的知識(shí)并制作成扇形統(tǒng)計(jì)圖以及書中的例題,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生讀圖思考、小組交流。在此基礎(chǔ)上,出示教師收集的扇形統(tǒng)計(jì)圖資料,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生讀圖交流,并歸納概括扇形統(tǒng)計(jì)圖的特點(diǎn)和作用,以及在做這樣題時(shí)應(yīng)注意的問題。
三、應(yīng)用知識(shí),解決問題1、練習(xí)P63做一做,并根據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)圖進(jìn)行分析和提建議。(1)學(xué)生動(dòng)手制作。(2)用幻燈展示學(xué)生作品,并評(píng)議。(3)談自己根據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)圖進(jìn)行分析和提建議2、學(xué)生動(dòng)手繪制折線統(tǒng)計(jì)圖。(用自己收集的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行繪制折線統(tǒng)計(jì)圖)(1)學(xué)生繪制折線統(tǒng)計(jì)圖。(2)學(xué)生談自己收集數(shù)據(jù)與繪制折線統(tǒng)計(jì)圖的目的?(教師選擇性地展示學(xué)生的作品,并交流)生1:我收集的數(shù)據(jù)是自己上學(xué)期期末考試成績與這學(xué)期第一、二兩單元的數(shù)學(xué)成績,制圖目的是為了清楚地看出自己本學(xué)期成績變化情況。生2:我收集的數(shù)據(jù)是媽媽店上3月下旬衣服銷售情況,目的是為了幫助媽媽如何調(diào)整進(jìn)貨。生3:我收集的是今年1—3月份,我家的用電情況,目的是通過觀察用電的變化情況來調(diào)整用電,盡量做到節(jié)約用電。生4:我媽媽是醫(yī)生,我從媽媽那收集了我7—12歲的身高數(shù)據(jù),制折線統(tǒng)計(jì)圖的目的是為了更好地了解自己的生長情況,并通過這一情況來指導(dǎo)我班同學(xué)的飲食。
2 根據(jù)下面4幅,你能判斷出哪個(gè)學(xué)校的女生人數(shù)最多嗎?(1) 如果甲校的學(xué)生總?cè)藬?shù)900人,那么甲校的女生有多少人?(2) 如果丙校男生與甲校的同樣多,那么丙校學(xué)生總?cè)藬?shù)有多少人?(3) 如果乙校的學(xué)生總?cè)藬?shù)與丙校的同樣多,那么乙校男生有多少人?(4) 如果丁校的男生與乙校的同樣多,那么乙校的女生有多少人?3 出示課件《中國人口占世界的百分比》和《中國國土面積占世界的百分比》統(tǒng)計(jì)圖和有關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)。(1)中國人口約13億 (2)中國國土面積約960萬平方千米(請同學(xué)認(rèn)真觀察統(tǒng)計(jì)圖和有關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù),請你說說獲得了哪些信息?并提出我們能夠解決的問題。要求:先在小組交流,然后派代表提出問題,并指定他組回答,其他同學(xué)當(dāng)評(píng)委;如果回答正確,由的同學(xué)提問題,否則,由提問題的同學(xué)繼續(xù)提問。同組成員可幫助。)還有什么想法?3 出示西山村果園各種果樹種植面積情況,要求學(xué)生根據(jù)給出的數(shù)據(jù)制成扇形統(tǒng)計(jì)圖。
(這一環(huán)節(jié)由學(xué)生熟知的典型事例入手,讓學(xué)生感受到數(shù)學(xué)與生活的密切聯(lián)系。把用數(shù)描述事物和用圖描述事物整合在一起,使學(xué)生體會(huì)用圖描述事物直觀性的同時(shí),建立數(shù)與形之間的聯(lián)系,發(fā)展抽象思維。讓學(xué)生通過自主探究、合作交流的學(xué)習(xí)方式來突破本節(jié)課的教學(xué)重點(diǎn),鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生說出自己的意見,并且通過多元化的評(píng)價(jià)激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣。)(三)及時(shí)練習(xí)課本103頁練一練第一題讓學(xué)生自主完成,填充空白統(tǒng)計(jì)圖。提示學(xué)生標(biāo)注名稱和數(shù)據(jù)。(這一環(huán)節(jié)讓學(xué)生體會(huì)數(shù)學(xué)在生活中的應(yīng)用)(四)拓展延伸。觀察兩幅扇形統(tǒng)計(jì)圖,回答問題。(這一環(huán)節(jié)給學(xué)生充分討論交流的時(shí)間,讓學(xué)生在討論中互相補(bǔ)充,在討論中不斷完整自己的知識(shí)。讓學(xué)生加深對扇形統(tǒng)計(jì)圖的理解,理解單位一未知,無法根據(jù)百分比判斷部分量的大?。ㄎ澹┛偨Y(jié)評(píng)價(jià):
4.That was an experience that frightened everyone. →That was _____________________. 答案:1. taking 2. being discussed 3. in the reading room 4. a frightening experienceStep 6 The meaning and function of V-ing as the predicative動(dòng)詞-ing形式作表語,它通常位于系動(dòng)詞后面,用以說明主語“是什么”或“怎么樣”一種表示主語的特質(zhì)、特征和狀態(tài), 其作用相當(dāng)于形容詞; 另一種具體說明主語的內(nèi)容, 即主語等同于表語, 兩者可互換。The music they are playing sounds so exciting. 他們演奏的音樂聽起來令人激動(dòng)。The result is disappointing. 結(jié)果令人失望。Our job is playing all kinds of music. 我們的工作就是演奏各種音樂。Seeing is believing. 眼見為實(shí)。Step 7 Practice1. It is ________(amaze) that the boy is able to solve the problem so quickly.2. Buying a car is simply _______(waste) money. 3. Please stop making the noise—it’s getting ________(annoy). 4. complete the passage with the appropriate -ing form.La Tomatina is a festival that takes place in the Spanish town Bunol every August. I think many food festivals are __________ because people are just eating. however, this festival is _________ because people don't actually eat the tomatoes. Instead, they throw them at each other! the number of people ________ part in this tomato fight, can reach up to 20,000, and it is a very __________ fight that lasts for a whole hour. The _______ thing is how clean Bunol is after the tomatoes are washed away after the fight. this is because the juice form tomatoes is really good for making surfaces clean!答案:1. amazing 2. wasting 3. annoying4. boring interesting taking exciting amazing
The topic of this part is “Discover the reasons for festivals and celebrations.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at talking about the experiences and feelings or emotions about the festivals and celebrations. This section aims at detecting the reason why the people celebrate the festivals, the time, the places, the types and the way of celebrations. It also explains why some traditions in the old celebrations are disappearing, like the firecrackers in the big cities and some new things are appearing like the prosperity of business or commerce. 1. Students can talk about what festivals they know and the reasons and the way of celebrating them.2. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.3. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them. 4. Students can have the international awareness about the festivals.1. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.2. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat festival do you like best ? Why ?I like the Spring Festivals because I can set off the fireworks, receive the lucky money and enjoy the Gala with my families.Step 2 Before reading---Pair workWhy do people celebrate different festivals ?The Spring Festivals is to celebrate the end of winter and the coming of spring and new life.The Mid-autumn Day is to celebrate the harvest and admire the moon.
The theme of this section is “Talk about festival activities and festival experiences”.Festival and holiday is a relaxing and interesting topic for students. This part talks about the topic from the daily life of students’. In the part A ---Listening and Speaking, there are three conversations among different speakers from three countries(Japan, Rio and China), where the speakers are participating in or going to participate in the festivals and celebrations. So listening for the relationship among them is a fundamental task. Actually, with the globalization and more international communication, it is normal for Chinese or foreigners to witness different festivals and celebrations in or out of China. In the Conversation 1, a foreign reporter is interviewing a Japanese young girl who just had participated in the ceremony of the Coming-of-Age Day on the street and asking her feeling about the ceremony and the afterwards activities. Conversation 2, Chinese girl Li Mei is witnessing the Rio Carnival for the first time, and her friend Carla gives her some advice on the costumes which enables her to match with the carnival to have a good time. Conversation 3, a Chinese guide is showing a group of foreign visitors around the Lantern Festival and introducing the customs of the festival to them. The three conversations have a strong vitality and insert the festival and cultural elements from different countries. So perceiving the festivals and cultures from different countries is the second task. At the same time, the scripts also insert the targeted grammar --- v-ing as attributive and predicative, which students can perceive and experience in a real context and make a road for the further study. That is the third task. In the Part B--- Listening and Talking, the theme is “Talk about festival experience”, which is the common topic in our daily conversations. During the conversation, Song Lin, a Chinese student, asked Canadian friend Max about how to spend Christmas. In the conversation, Song Lin talked about experience and the feelings during the Chinese Spring Festival, during which there are not only some enjoyable things but some unpleasant things. After the listening, perhaps students find there are some similarities between Christmas and the Chinese Spring Festival as there are some differences in the origins and celebrations. For example, people always visit friends and relatives, decorate their houses, have a big dinner together, chat and give presents to each other.
Step 3 Analyzing article structureActivity 31. Teachers raise questions to guide students to analyze the chapter structure of this diary and think about how to describe the festival experience. (1)What should be included in the opening/body/closing paragraph(s)?(2)How did the writer arrange his/her ideas?(3)What kind of interesting details did the writer describe?(4)How did the writer describe his/her feelings/emotions during the event?2. Students read and compare the three sentence patterns in activity 2. Try to rewrite the first paragraph of the diary with these three sentence patterns. After that, students exchange corrections with their partners. Such as:●This was my first time spending three days experiencing the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and it was an enjoyable and exciting experience. ●I'll never forget my experience at the Naadam Festival because it was my first time to watch the exciting Mongolian games of horse racing, wrestling, and archery so closely. ●I'll always remember my first experience at the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region because it was so amazing to spend three days witnessing a grand Mongolian ceremony. Step 4 Accumulation of statementsActivity 41. Ask the students to read the diary again. Look for sentences that express feelings and emotions, especially those with the -ing form and the past participle. Such as:● …h(huán)orse racing, wrestling, and archery, which are all so exciting to watch. ● some amazing performances● I was surprised to see…● I was a little worried about. . . ● feeling really tiredOther emotional statements:●I absolutely enjoyed the archery, too, but the horse races were my favourite part. ●I'm finally back home now, feeling really tired, but celebrating Naadam with my friend was totally worth it. ●He invited me back for the winter to stay in a traditional Mongolian tent and cat hot pot. I can’t wait!2. In addition to the use of the -ing form and the past participle, the teacher should guide the students in the appreciation of these statements, ask them to memorize them, and encourage them to use them reasonably in writing practice.
The topic of this part is “Write about your festival experience”.During the Listening and Speaking and Talking, students are just asked to say out their festival experiences such as the Spring Festival, Mid-autumn Day, but this part students will be asked to write down their own festival experiences. During the reading part, it introduces the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which can give students a good example to imitate. Students not only learn the festival, but touch and feel the Inner Mongolian’s character, the spirit and cultural atmosphere, which can help students form the cultural awareness and learn to enjoy and value the diversity of Chinese culture.Concretely, the dairy tells the experience that the author spent the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region with his/her friend. The structure is clear. In the opening paragraph, it introduces the topic of the Naadam Festival and the whole feeling. Then it introduces the items of the festival like the ceremony, wrestling and horse racing. Finally, it summarizes this experience. Because this part is a travel journal, we must guide students pay more attention to these details: 1. use the first person. 2. use the past tense to tell the past thing and use the present or future tense to describe the scenery. 3. use the timeline to tell the development. 4. be careful for the author’s psychology, emotion and feeling, etc.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information about Naadam Festival.2. Learn the structure of the reading article and language.3. Write an article about a festival experience4. Learn to use the psychology, emotions and feeling in the writing.1. Write an article about a festival experience.2. Use the structure of the reading article and language.