(三)呼喚文化創(chuàng)新的時代(板書)1.人民群眾是文化創(chuàng)造的主體--(板書)師:【圖片文字展示】--《離騷》、《九歌》、《水滸傳》、《三國演義》均取材自民間,在民間口述文字的基礎上加工形成,所以,我們可以看到,文化創(chuàng)新的主體是誰?生:人民群眾是文化創(chuàng)造的主體師:在新的歷史時期,我們的青少年應該怎么做?生:虛心向人民群眾學習,從人民群眾的偉大實踐和豐富多彩的生活中汲取營養(yǎng),這是當代中國文化工作者的使命和職責。2.文化工作者必須堅定地走與人民群眾的實踐相結(jié)合的道路--(板書)3.當代中國文化創(chuàng)作者的使命和職責。(板書)【課堂小結(jié)】通過本節(jié)課的探究學習,我們認識到文化創(chuàng)新的源泉和作用,要求我們虛心向人民群眾學習,從人民群眾的偉大實踐和豐富多彩的生活中汲取營養(yǎng),刻苦鉆研,銳意創(chuàng)新,為全面建設小康社會而奮斗。
一、教材分析本節(jié)內(nèi)容主要講述了社會實踐在文化創(chuàng)新中的作用和意義,明確了社會實踐是文化創(chuàng)新的源泉,也是文化創(chuàng)新的動力,文化創(chuàng)新的作用,既表現(xiàn)為不斷推動社會實踐的發(fā)展,又表現(xiàn)為不斷促進民族文化的繁榮。我們要從中體會社會實踐的重要性和意義。二、教學目標(一)知識目標(1) 理解文化發(fā)展的實質(zhì)在于創(chuàng)新;理解社會實踐是文化創(chuàng)新的源泉(2) 理解文化創(chuàng)新的作用;理解人民群眾是社會實踐的主體、文化創(chuàng)新的主體。(二)能力目標培養(yǎng)學生列舉實例說明社會實踐在 文化創(chuàng)新中的作用。情感、態(tài)度價值觀目標:幫助學生充分認識建 設社會主義先進文化的意義,增強民族文化的自豪感。 (三)情感、態(tài)度與價值觀目標情感、態(tài)度及價值觀目標:通過學習本課題內(nèi)容,初步理解文化創(chuàng)新的、意義、作用,做一個有“文化”的人,認識到文化創(chuàng)新的重要性。深刻理解建。
一、教學目標1.指導學生以一顆真摯的童心、愛心面對大自然,促使學生的心靈與大自然親切交流。2.使學生明確寫景文章的寫作范圍、寫作重點、構(gòu)思技巧。二、教學重難點明確話題,寫景抓住特征,注重感情。三、教學方法多重對話法四、教學過程1.導入語:自然是人類生活的環(huán)境,是人類賴以生存的基礎。人類不僅在物質(zhì)上需要大地母親的哺育,而且在精神上也需要向自然尋求依托。當知時節(jié)的春雨飄落大地時,當秋風吹來誘人的果香時,感到喜悅、幸福的決不僅是農(nóng)民;過去的政治家、文學家,每當失意的時候,就會寄情山林;就是我們中學生,當不堪學習重負,感到身心疲憊的時候,去野外踏青,不也能愉悅身心嗎?可以說人對自然的情懷是與生俱來的。但不同的人,對自然的感悟有深淺不同,情趣有高下之分?!叭f類霜天競自由”的感悟,“大漠孤煙直”的審美不是人人都能有的。2.面對大自然,通過什么樣的手段來促使我們的感悟、審美向高深方向發(fā)展呢?哪位同學說說。
據(jù)此,研究者認為我國的姓源于原始社會母系氏族時期,并作為一個血緣家族的稱號。氏隸屬于姓。夏、商、周時期,姓氏作為貴族間區(qū)別不同血緣關系的一種制度。自秦漢以后,姓氏不分,合二而一。3、大家有沒有聽說過《水滸傳》中一個人物“西門慶”,他姓西門,為什么姓西門呢?他家住在西門這個地方。大家想想東郭先生為何姓東郭?可見有按居住地而得姓。4、現(xiàn)在如果賦予同學們一個神圣的職責,讓你們給一個人賜姓,這個人是殺豬殺雞殺鴨的,你們覺得要給他一個什么樣的姓才合適呢?(自由討論,姓“屠”)明確:這就是姓氏來源的又一種方法,按照職業(yè)取姓。大家想一想有沒有其他按照職業(yè)得姓的姓氏?(巫、卜、陶等)5、大家通過預習有沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)其他獲得姓氏的方法。(國名、自己祖先的字等。)姓在母系氏族社會以后,逐漸增多,來源極廣。主要來源于封國名、謚號、爵位名、官名、居地、職業(yè)等。
(四)概括古代中國農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)濟的基本特點從歷史地位、生產(chǎn)結(jié)構(gòu)、基本特征、基本模式等幾方面,小組討論古代中國農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)濟的特點,然后展示。1、歷史地位:中國是獨立發(fā)展、自成體系的世界農(nóng)業(yè)起源中心之一。2、生產(chǎn)結(jié)構(gòu):種植業(yè)和家畜飼養(yǎng)業(yè)相結(jié)合,以種植業(yè)為主,家畜飼養(yǎng)業(yè)為輔。3、基本特征:農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)精耕細作。 4、基本模式:一家一戶的小農(nóng)經(jīng)濟。知識拓展:當今中國農(nóng)村人口膨脹,農(nóng)民生活條件急需提高,如何處理好“三農(nóng)”問題是中國社會走向和諧健康發(fā)展的重要課題,回顧中國古代農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展歷程,結(jié)合農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展的現(xiàn)狀,談談你的看法和建議。展示:1.因地制宜,發(fā)揮各地特色優(yōu)勢2、精耕細作和現(xiàn)代科學相結(jié)合; 3.保護生態(tài)環(huán)境,堅持可持續(xù)發(fā)展;4.完善水利設施,政府重視。
寫作指導:第一題要求寫出自然美,在自然美中融進自己的感情。小路、流水、山巒、森林、天空、大?!际菍嶓w事物,因此首先要求用寫生的辦法把它們表現(xiàn)出來,要寫得準確,寫出它們的特點和個性,尤其是寫出它們的美。同時,也要把贊美之情不落痕跡地融化在描寫之中。第二題是寫一幅風景畫或一張風景照片中的自然美景,以及美景中的一些細節(jié),同時把自己心動的感覺寫出來。在這里,關鍵是找到畫或照片中的美,找到心動的感覺,如果找到了,再用文字把這美和感覺表達出來。當然,寫風景美和寫自己的感覺應是乳水交融的。第三題是用動情的筆墨把自己的一種經(jīng)歷寫出來。這些經(jīng)歷似乎都是細節(jié),都不是驚天動地的大事。是細節(jié),就容易碰到,在題目列舉的四種中,學生不難找到。即使不在這四種中,也可以,只要這種經(jīng)歷給了自己心靈以震撼或潛移默化的影響。
虛構(gòu)不等于說假話。它是一種源于生活,但高于生活的藝術真實。我們可以舉個例子:我國公認的最權(quán)威最真實的史書是——《史記》,那么,大家認為《史記》里有沒有虛構(gòu)呢?有。必修一的《鴻門宴》里就有虛構(gòu)。大家想:司馬遷是哪個朝代的人?西漢漢武帝時。劉邦項羽是哪個朝代的?秦末時期。那司馬遷不可能坐時光穿梭機到秦末去參加鴻門宴吧?既然他沒不在場,那課文《鴻門宴》里人物的語言、動作、甚至是表情從何而來呢?對,是司馬遷根據(jù)有限的史料加以補充,想象、虛構(gòu)出來的。那么,同學們在寫作文時,也可以不必拘泥于親身經(jīng)歷的事情,畢竟生活是平淡的,畢竟大家的生活閱歷也有限,有時候,我們發(fā)揮想象、虛構(gòu)一個故事來反映生活的真實,也許更生動、也更典型。所以,近年來高考試卷中都提示考生:作文可以大膽想象,編寫故事。按照編故事的方式不同,我們的虛構(gòu)性作文又可以寫哪些類型呢:小說,散文,童話,寓言,科幻,故事新編……
《貧寒是福天道酬勤石智勇從挫折中奮起》也許是自幼的貧寒生活塑造了石智勇內(nèi)向的性格,即使是胸掛金燦燦的獎牌接受全場觀眾歡呼,他的表情也是略顯羞澀的。小時候吃不飽肚皮的經(jīng)歷讓他至今在“最喜歡的東西”一欄還填寫著“食物”二字,而“窮人的孩子早當家”的堅韌,卻又是促成他今日輝煌的動力。中國舉重隊副總教練陳文斌賽后說道:“智勇這幾年練得很苦,今天終于有了這樣的成績,這是天道酬勤的結(jié)果。石智勇的奧運會金牌是中國男舉的一次突破,我們非常激動?!痹谙ED神話里,命運女神總是讓英雄歷經(jīng)磨難。石智勇也不例外。四年前的悉尼奧運會前夕,他在一次訓練中扭傷腳踝,失去了參賽機會?!爱敃r我傷心極了,不敢看電視直播,我怕參賽的選手成績太低了。高點我還好一點,自欺欺人一下說,哎呀好高,自己去了也拿不了冠軍,要是低了,自己沒去,失去冠軍機會,心里痛啊。后來結(jié)果出來,也不怎么高,心里真難受?!?/p>
一、教學目標知識與能力:了解或掌握英國工業(yè)革命的條件和重要發(fā)明及進程,掌握工業(yè)革命的影響。分析工業(yè)革命首先發(fā)生在英國的條件和工業(yè)革命的影響,領會生產(chǎn)力和生產(chǎn)關系,經(jīng)濟基礎和上層建筑之間的辯證關系;分析工業(yè)革命對世界市場發(fā)展的影響,提高材料解析能力;分析世界市場基本形成的影響,培養(yǎng)學生運用辯證唯物主義和歷史唯物主義分析歷史事件的能力。過程與方法:啟發(fā)式談話法,問題探究法:層層設疑,環(huán)環(huán)相扣,由淺入深地理解知識。聯(lián)系比較法:構(gòu)建知識體系,突出事物特點。情感態(tài)度與價值觀:懂得科學技術是第一生產(chǎn)力,使學生尊重科學,熱愛科學;正確認識工業(yè)文明的成就與代價,幫助學生形成正確價值觀;聯(lián)系中國歷史深刻理解科技興國,深化改革的必要性。二、教學重點和難點重點:英國工業(yè)革命產(chǎn)生的原因、工業(yè)革命的主要成就和影響。難點:工業(yè)革命對資本主義世界市場發(fā)展的影響。課時安排:1課時教具準備: 多媒體課件以及相應教學資料。
1、知識與能力:(1)了解歐洲聯(lián)盟的形成過程,剖析歐洲國家的一體化由經(jīng)濟實體向政治實體轉(zhuǎn)變的原因和實質(zhì);(2)了解北美自由貿(mào)易區(qū)的形成過程,由北美自由貿(mào)易區(qū)的形成原因分析世界經(jīng)濟全球化與經(jīng)濟區(qū)域集團化之間的關系和影響。(3)了解亞太經(jīng)濟合作組織的形成過程,明確其特點及出現(xiàn)此特點的原因。掌握中國在加入該組織后所發(fā)揮的作用,并由此引申出中國在經(jīng)濟區(qū)域集團化過程中所發(fā)揮的作用。2、過程與方法:(1)通過學生對三大經(jīng)濟區(qū)域集團形成過程和特點的比較,鍛煉學生把具體的歷史現(xiàn)象與整體的社會背景聯(lián)系的能力,培養(yǎng)學生建立起全面的歷史觀。(2)通過對經(jīng)濟區(qū)域集團化趨勢的出現(xiàn)和它與經(jīng)濟全球化之間關系的分析,培養(yǎng)學生辨證的看問題,透過現(xiàn)象分析本質(zhì)的能力。
經(jīng)濟因素對人口遷移是主要的,經(jīng)常起作用的因素,是人口遷移的基本動因。通常情況下,經(jīng)濟發(fā)展水平的差異決定著人們遷移的方向,人們遷移是為了追求更好的就業(yè)機會和更高的經(jīng)濟收入。經(jīng)濟發(fā)展水平高的地區(qū)往往成為人口遷入地,人口的遷移量取決于遷入地對勞動力的需求狀況和遷出地人口相對過剩的狀況。師:20世紀80年代深圳、珠海等地設立了經(jīng)濟特區(qū)’吸I了大量的人口遷入。這又說明了什么問題? (生回答,師總結(jié))從宏觀上看,經(jīng)濟布局也會造成大量的人口遷移。說明經(jīng)濟越發(fā)達,對人口的吸引力(即拉力)越大。經(jīng)濟發(fā)展水平、規(guī)模和速度決定著人口遷移的流向、流量和流速。師:交通和通訊又如何影響著人口的遷移呢?生:交通和通訊的發(fā)展,縮小了地區(qū)之間的距離,促進了人口遷移。
過渡:下面我們從時間角度分析世界人口數(shù)量變化的趨勢是怎樣的呢?為什么會這樣呢?板書:1、人口自然增長的時間變化(引導學生讀課本圖1.2和圖1.3,讓學生分析)教師首先讓學生說出閱讀地理曲線統(tǒng)計圖的一般步驟和方法,然后總結(jié)歸納:1、 讀圖名。2、 讀各個坐標分別表示什么變量(兩圖橫坐標均表示時間,縱坐標均為相應時期人口數(shù))。3、 判讀圖形變化特征(兩圖中曲線曲率的變化反映對應時段內(nèi)人口自然增長率的大?。?、 思考變量之間的因果關系(兩圖均反映不同歷史時期世界人口數(shù)量增長的不同特點)。問:世界人口數(shù)量變化的總趨勢是什么?(讓學生結(jié)合課本P2讀圖思考題,分析回答同時讓學生閱讀課本圖1.3,在圖1.2中找出圖1.3所在的時段,指導學生自學P3第一段,讓學生分析近100年全球人口快速增長的原因。最后師生共同歸納總結(jié),填寫下表。)
生1:公平性原則——同代人之間要公平,代際之間、人類與其他生物種群之間、不同國家與地區(qū)之間也要公平。生2:持續(xù)性原則——地球的承載力是有限的,人類的經(jīng)濟活動和社會發(fā)展必須保持在資源和環(huán)境的承載力之內(nèi)。生3:共同性原則——發(fā)展經(jīng)濟和保護環(huán)境是全世界各國共同的任務,需要各國的共同參與。同時,地球作為一個整體,地區(qū)性問題往往會變?yōu)槿蛐詥栴},所以地區(qū)的決策和行動,應有助于實現(xiàn)全球整體的協(xié)調(diào)?;顒优c探究:2·閱讀下面一篇新聞報道,你認為“給蛇讓道”有沒有必要?答:有必要·人類在森林區(qū)內(nèi)修筑公路,已經(jīng)侵占和破壞了蛇的生存環(huán)境,如果再不對蛇的遷移進行保護,蛇數(shù)量的減少以至滅絕將不可避免。這種做法體現(xiàn)了可持續(xù)發(fā)展的公平性原則和共同性原則。3·用可持續(xù)發(fā)展的觀念作為衡量標準,對下列觀點作出評價。(1)人類有義務保護地球上所有的物種,人類的發(fā)展不應該危及其他物種的生存。答:正確。符合可持續(xù)發(fā)展的公平性原則。
【大宗與小宗的關系:君臣關系、兄弟關系】4、影響:宗法制保證了貴族在政治上的壟斷和特權(quán)地位,也有利于統(tǒng)治集團內(nèi)部的穩(wěn)定和團結(jié)?!竞献魈骄俊糠址庵婆c宗法制的關系兩者互為表里、相輔相成:從根本上說,分封制就是宗法制作用于國家地方政治制度的重要舉措和體現(xiàn)。宗法制是分封制的內(nèi)核和紐帶,維護貴族統(tǒng)治集團內(nèi)部的穩(wěn)定與團結(jié)。宗法制與分封制結(jié)合緊密,宗法制是西周政治制度的基礎,分封制基于宗法制而產(chǎn)生,與宗法制互為表里。小結(jié):我國早期政治制度(夏商周)發(fā)展脈絡:起源于夏——初步建立于夏商——完善于西周——瓦解于西周末年到春秋——崩潰于戰(zhàn)國★問題解答⊙【學思之窗】從這段記載,你能看出商朝的相權(quán)有多大嗎?答案提示:相是商朝中央最高官吏,相權(quán)很大,包括參定政制、主持政務、輔佐商王等,甚至有時可廢立商王。
Finally, after finishing the task above, the teacher is expected to instruct students to work in groups to finish the following project:Speaking ProjectWhat event or activity would you like to invite your friend to? Make a conversation with a partner.Ski Race: Zhangjiakou, a beautiful city in northern China, will host the Youth Ski Race in December.Track Meet: a great event for track –and –field lovers on 26 October.Gym Class: come and work out at a gym! You can make it.Part 2: Listening and Talking:The teacher is advised to talk with their new students about the related topic: Boys and girls , what do you think of sportsmanship? Let’s listen and find out:Play the listening and match each opinion with the right speaker. Who do you agree with? Why?Cao Jing _____________ Lily _____________ Max _____________A. An athlete should do his/her best to win.B. The girl should stop and help the other girl. Good sportsmanship is more important than wining!C. An athlete should think about honor and his/her fans if he/she is competing for his/her country.Listen again and circle the expressions that you hear in the conversation.
【教材分析】This teaching period mainly deals with the grammar: tag questions.This period carries a considerable significance to the cultivation of students’ spoken English. The teacher is expected to enable students to master this period thoroughly and consolidate the knowledge by doing some exercise of good quality.【教學目標與核心素養(yǎng)】1. Get students to have a good understanding of the basic usages of tag questions.2. Enable students to use the basic phrases structures flexibly.3. Develop students’ speaking and cooperating abilities.4. Strengthen students’ great interest in grammar learning.【教學重難點】1. How to enable students to have a good understanding of the basic usages of tag questions.2. How to enable students to use the basic usages of tag questions flexibly.【教學過程】Step1: 語法自主探究一、基本組成方法1.肯定式陳述部分+否定附加疑問部分(前肯后否) You often play badminton, don’t you? 你經(jīng)常打羽毛球,是嗎?You are going to the gym with me, aren’t you?你要和我一起去健身房,是嗎?She’s been to shanghai before, hasn’t she? 她以前去過上海,是嗎?2.否定式陳述部分+肯定附加疑問部分(前否后肯) It isn't a beautiful flower, is it? 那不是美麗的花,是嗎?You didn't go skating yesterday, did you? 你昨天沒去滑冰,是嗎?They can’t finish it by Friday, can they?他們不能在星期五之前完成,是嗎?
The topic of this part is “Discover the reasons for festivals and celebrations.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at talking about the experiences and feelings or emotions about the festivals and celebrations. This section aims at detecting the reason why the people celebrate the festivals, the time, the places, the types and the way of celebrations. It also explains why some traditions in the old celebrations are disappearing, like the firecrackers in the big cities and some new things are appearing like the prosperity of business or commerce. 1. Students can talk about what festivals they know and the reasons and the way of celebrating them.2. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.3. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them. 4. Students can have the international awareness about the festivals.1. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.2. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat festival do you like best ? Why ?I like the Spring Festivals because I can set off the fireworks, receive the lucky money and enjoy the Gala with my families.Step 2 Before reading---Pair workWhy do people celebrate different festivals ?The Spring Festivals is to celebrate the end of winter and the coming of spring and new life.The Mid-autumn Day is to celebrate the harvest and admire the moon.
The theme of this section is “Talk about festival activities and festival experiences”.Festival and holiday is a relaxing and interesting topic for students. This part talks about the topic from the daily life of students’. In the part A ---Listening and Speaking, there are three conversations among different speakers from three countries(Japan, Rio and China), where the speakers are participating in or going to participate in the festivals and celebrations. So listening for the relationship among them is a fundamental task. Actually, with the globalization and more international communication, it is normal for Chinese or foreigners to witness different festivals and celebrations in or out of China. In the Conversation 1, a foreign reporter is interviewing a Japanese young girl who just had participated in the ceremony of the Coming-of-Age Day on the street and asking her feeling about the ceremony and the afterwards activities. Conversation 2, Chinese girl Li Mei is witnessing the Rio Carnival for the first time, and her friend Carla gives her some advice on the costumes which enables her to match with the carnival to have a good time. Conversation 3, a Chinese guide is showing a group of foreign visitors around the Lantern Festival and introducing the customs of the festival to them. The three conversations have a strong vitality and insert the festival and cultural elements from different countries. So perceiving the festivals and cultures from different countries is the second task. At the same time, the scripts also insert the targeted grammar --- v-ing as attributive and predicative, which students can perceive and experience in a real context and make a road for the further study. That is the third task. In the Part B--- Listening and Talking, the theme is “Talk about festival experience”, which is the common topic in our daily conversations. During the conversation, Song Lin, a Chinese student, asked Canadian friend Max about how to spend Christmas. In the conversation, Song Lin talked about experience and the feelings during the Chinese Spring Festival, during which there are not only some enjoyable things but some unpleasant things. After the listening, perhaps students find there are some similarities between Christmas and the Chinese Spring Festival as there are some differences in the origins and celebrations. For example, people always visit friends and relatives, decorate their houses, have a big dinner together, chat and give presents to each other.
The topic of this part is “Write about your festival experience”.During the Listening and Speaking and Talking, students are just asked to say out their festival experiences such as the Spring Festival, Mid-autumn Day, but this part students will be asked to write down their own festival experiences. During the reading part, it introduces the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which can give students a good example to imitate. Students not only learn the festival, but touch and feel the Inner Mongolian’s character, the spirit and cultural atmosphere, which can help students form the cultural awareness and learn to enjoy and value the diversity of Chinese culture.Concretely, the dairy tells the experience that the author spent the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region with his/her friend. The structure is clear. In the opening paragraph, it introduces the topic of the Naadam Festival and the whole feeling. Then it introduces the items of the festival like the ceremony, wrestling and horse racing. Finally, it summarizes this experience. Because this part is a travel journal, we must guide students pay more attention to these details: 1. use the first person. 2. use the past tense to tell the past thing and use the present or future tense to describe the scenery. 3. use the timeline to tell the development. 4. be careful for the author’s psychology, emotion and feeling, etc.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information about Naadam Festival.2. Learn the structure of the reading article and language.3. Write an article about a festival experience4. Learn to use the psychology, emotions and feeling in the writing.1. Write an article about a festival experience.2. Use the structure of the reading article and language.
4.That was an experience that frightened everyone. →That was _____________________. 答案:1. taking 2. being discussed 3. in the reading room 4. a frightening experienceStep 6 The meaning and function of V-ing as the predicative動詞-ing形式作表語,它通常位于系動詞后面,用以說明主語“是什么”或“怎么樣”一種表示主語的特質(zhì)、特征和狀態(tài), 其作用相當于形容詞; 另一種具體說明主語的內(nèi)容, 即主語等同于表語, 兩者可互換。The music they are playing sounds so exciting. 他們演奏的音樂聽起來令人激動。The result is disappointing. 結(jié)果令人失望。Our job is playing all kinds of music. 我們的工作就是演奏各種音樂。Seeing is believing. 眼見為實。Step 7 Practice1. It is ________(amaze) that the boy is able to solve the problem so quickly.2. Buying a car is simply _______(waste) money. 3. Please stop making the noise—it’s getting ________(annoy). 4. complete the passage with the appropriate -ing form.La Tomatina is a festival that takes place in the Spanish town Bunol every August. I think many food festivals are __________ because people are just eating. however, this festival is _________ because people don't actually eat the tomatoes. Instead, they throw them at each other! the number of people ________ part in this tomato fight, can reach up to 20,000, and it is a very __________ fight that lasts for a whole hour. The _______ thing is how clean Bunol is after the tomatoes are washed away after the fight. this is because the juice form tomatoes is really good for making surfaces clean!答案:1. amazing 2. wasting 3. annoying4. boring interesting taking exciting amazing