一、說(shuō)教材《小蝦》是統(tǒng)編小學(xué)語(yǔ)文三年級(jí)下冊(cè)第四單元中的一篇略讀課文,這篇課文是一篇寫小蝦生活習(xí)性的文章。通過(guò)“我”觀察小蝦生氣、打架等細(xì)節(jié)的描寫,突出了小蝦有趣、脾氣不好兩個(gè)特點(diǎn),抒發(fā)了“我”對(duì)小蝦的喜愛(ài)之情。 課文比較淺顯易懂,以生為本、以讀為本、以教會(huì)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)方法為目標(biāo),通過(guò)正確、流利、有感情地朗讀課文,我使學(xué)生在讀中理解詞語(yǔ),積累詞語(yǔ),體會(huì)小蝦的特點(diǎn),感悟作者的喜愛(ài)之情。二、說(shuō)學(xué)情三年級(jí)學(xué)生已經(jīng)具備了一定的閱讀能力,能對(duì)所讀的課文質(zhì)疑,能借助工具書理解詞句,并能聯(lián)系上下文對(duì)相關(guān)詞句談?wù)勛约旱母惺?,具備一定的理解、分析能力,有利于教學(xué)的開(kāi)展。大部分學(xué)生都對(duì)小蝦很熟悉,有很直觀的了解,但是他們未必能觀察到小蝦活動(dòng)的動(dòng)作形態(tài),通過(guò)本節(jié)課的教學(xué)也讓學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)仔細(xì)觀察。
【說(shuō)教材】這篇課文節(jié)選自作家管樺寫的同名中篇小說(shuō),選入課文時(shí)有改動(dòng),講的是在那戰(zhàn)火連天、槍炮轟鳴的抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)時(shí)期,晉察冀邊區(qū)的少年雨來(lái),聰明勇敢,游泳本領(lǐng)高強(qiáng),為了掩護(hù)革命干部,機(jī)智地同敵人作斗爭(zhēng)的故事,本文圍繞這一主題,課文分六個(gè)部分?jǐn)⑹??!菊f(shuō)目標(biāo)】1.自學(xué)生字新詞,掌握讀音,理解詞義;(課前完成)2.用比較快的速度默讀課文,練習(xí)給每部分加上小標(biāo)題3.理解課文內(nèi)容,體會(huì)雨來(lái)與敵人英勇、頑強(qiáng)、機(jī)智地作斗爭(zhēng)的英雄品質(zhì)。
2.教學(xué)目標(biāo)根據(jù)教學(xué)大綱的要求,本課教材的特點(diǎn),結(jié)合學(xué)生實(shí)際情況制定如下教學(xué)目標(biāo):(1)學(xué)會(huì)本課13個(gè)生字和由生字組成的新詞。(2)通過(guò)看圖,學(xué)習(xí)課文,理解詞句和每段的意思,了解小魚、黃牛、燕子、壁虎尾巴用處,及壁虎尾巴可以再生的特點(diǎn)。(3)能正確、流利的朗讀課文,了解其敘述方法。3.教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)教學(xué)重點(diǎn):學(xué)習(xí)小壁虎借尾巴的經(jīng)過(guò),懂得魚、牛、燕子、壁虎尾巴的用處,接受禮貌教育。教學(xué)難點(diǎn):理解小壁虎尾巴的用處和特點(diǎn)。4.教具準(zhǔn)備小壁虎剪圖、課文錄音、課文幻燈片4框、CAI課件、魚模型。5.課時(shí)安排整課計(jì)劃3課時(shí)完成,第1課時(shí)初讀課文,認(rèn)識(shí)生字,學(xué)習(xí)課文1、2自然段,第2課時(shí)講讀三至七自然段并指導(dǎo)朗讀,總結(jié)全文,激發(fā)學(xué)生閱讀課外讀物的興趣。第3課時(shí),識(shí)記生字的形,指導(dǎo)書寫,完成課后練習(xí)。
【目標(biāo)導(dǎo)航】1. 掌握即席發(fā)言的要領(lǐng)和表達(dá)技巧。2. 通過(guò)情境創(chuàng)設(shè)的訓(xùn)練,克服發(fā)言時(shí)的緊張心理,學(xué)習(xí)即席發(fā)言的快速構(gòu)思方法,提高瞬時(shí)應(yīng)變和即席發(fā)言能力。3. 進(jìn)行即席發(fā)言的初步嘗試,充分調(diào)動(dòng)課堂參與的熱情,培養(yǎng)良好的語(yǔ)言習(xí)慣,表現(xiàn)出較高的文化素養(yǎng)和氣質(zhì)風(fēng)度?!菊n時(shí)安排】1課時(shí)自由分成學(xué)習(xí)小組,做好活動(dòng)計(jì)劃,分配小組成員交際任務(wù), 圍繞“即席講話”的這個(gè)交際主題,做好本次口語(yǔ)交際。【新課導(dǎo)入】即席講話,也叫即興發(fā)言,是指在某個(gè)特定場(chǎng)合,臨時(shí)受到邀請(qǐng),由他人提議或自己認(rèn)為有必要而作的簡(jiǎn)短講話?!窘浑H技巧】即席發(fā)言有三個(gè)特點(diǎn):一、臨場(chǎng)性即席發(fā)言既不能事先擬就講稿,也不能進(jìn)行試講,它必須靠臨時(shí)準(zhǔn)備、臨場(chǎng)發(fā)揮,因此臨場(chǎng)性就成了即席發(fā)言最主要的特征。
(3)推薦男女生代表各一位在全班進(jìn)行演講展示。 (4)圍繞“講”和“演”兩方面的技巧,點(diǎn)評(píng)演講效果。(生開(kāi)展演講活動(dòng),師指導(dǎo))【設(shè)計(jì)意圖】本環(huán)節(jié)通過(guò)集中梳理演講技巧,并設(shè)計(jì)演講技巧進(jìn)行演講展示,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生將理論知識(shí)逐步運(yùn)用于具體的演講實(shí)踐中,提高學(xué)生的演講能力。五、總結(jié)存儲(chǔ)1.教師總結(jié)現(xiàn)代奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)的創(chuàng)始人顧拜旦面對(duì)世界政治格局劇變的局面,以戰(zhàn)略家的視野指出奧林匹克精神的內(nèi)涵與價(jià)值,用詩(shī)歌般的語(yǔ)言闡述了奧林匹克平和自信的內(nèi)涵,提出了奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)的宗旨是教育,是面向大眾,是促進(jìn)和平、公平、公正。他激情澎湃地暢想美好前景,確信奧林匹克精神必將如陽(yáng)光般普照大地。整篇演講詞站位高、格局廣,語(yǔ)言莊重、典雅,值得我們用心體會(huì)。2.布置作業(yè)學(xué)校即將舉行春季運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì),如果你被邀請(qǐng)?jiān)谶\(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)的開(kāi)幕式上作為學(xué)生代表發(fā)言,你將如何演講?結(jié)合你對(duì)奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)的精神的理解,寫一篇300字左右的演講詞,并適當(dāng)設(shè)計(jì)一些演講技巧。
Period 2 (3a----Section B 2c)Preview(Pre-task): Key points: What laAdd another information about their pen pals----their language on the cardnguage does she/he speak?She/He speaks....Does she/he have any brothers and sisters? Does she/he speak English?Preview(Pre-task): Add another information about their pen pals----their language on the cardKey points: What language does she/he speak?She/He speaks....Does she/he have any brothers and sisters? Does she/he speak English?Step 1 Revision1.Revisionand dictation of the new words 2.Revise the drills they learned yesterday.(by pairwork and grammar exercise)Step 2 Leading-inT has a conversation with one student. The conversation is following:---Do you have a pen pal?---Yes, I do.---What's your pen pal's name? ---His/Her name is....---Where is your pen pal from? ---He/She is from...---Where does he/she live? ---He/She lives in....---What language does he/she speak?He/She speaks...Write the new words on the Bb. They are following: EnglishChineseJapaneseFrenchStep 3 LearnLearn the new words with the whole class.Finish 3a with the students3b Pairwork T still does an example with one student Then the Ss practise in pairs. The example is following:--Curry Muray is my pen pal. He is from the United States.---What language does he speak?
三、教學(xué)建議第一課時(shí):1. Lead in (Vocabulary)A) Before class, teacher should collect some pictures of working places. For example: Bank, TV Station, Restaurant, Police Station, Hospital ...B) In class, show students the pictures (PowerPoint, OHP). Ask students to tell the name of the working places and the name of the jobs.Shop assistant, doctor, actor, reporter, police office, waiter, bank clerk, studentC) Do exercise 1a and 3a.2. Bingo GameAsk groups of students to make up pairs of cards with a job on one and the related workplace on the other. For example, waiter / restaurant, teacher / school, doctor / hospital. Encourage students to use both the job / workplace combinations in the book and the ones that students came up during class discussions. Be sure they have twice as many sets of cards as there are students in the group. They can make two sets of cards for a single job / workplace, if necessary. Then have each group mix up its set of cards and hand their cards out in random order. Each time a student gets a pair of cards that match, he or she can lay these cards down. The goal is to have no cards in your hand at the end.3. Task OneA) Ask students to work in pairs and ask the partner what does he / she want to be in the future.e. g. :What do you / does he / does she want to be?I want to be a.Why?Because it's (adj).B) Vocabulary: Section B, 1a4. Homework 1.2.
1 Each group choose one place to describe and what you are doing in it Choose one place, and describe what they are doing 2 Move around the room and give suggestions Talk about it and write it down 3 Ask one to show their works and act it Choose one of each group to make a report 4 Evaluate the best group and the best reporter Choose the best one Homework Ask your friends their ideal place and write about it教學(xué)反思:新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)生在課堂中的主體地位,在綜合課中他們的主體地位就更加突出。在各個(gè)活動(dòng)中給不同程度的學(xué)生不同層次的任務(wù),讓各層面的學(xué)生都有表現(xiàn)發(fā)揮的機(jī)會(huì),從而產(chǎn)生對(duì)英語(yǔ)的興趣。使用照片圖片多媒體來(lái)輔助教學(xué),效果更好。同時(shí)讓了解其他國(guó)家風(fēng)景,風(fēng)俗的同學(xué)介紹ideal place,增加學(xué)生的背景知知識(shí),實(shí)現(xiàn)跨學(xué)科交流的目的。教案點(diǎn)評(píng):采用任務(wù)型教學(xué)模式,在各個(gè)活動(dòng)中給不同程度的學(xué)生不同層次的任務(wù),讓各層面的學(xué)生都有表現(xiàn)發(fā)揮的機(jī)會(huì),從而產(chǎn)生對(duì)英語(yǔ)的興趣。使用照片圖片多媒體來(lái)輔助教學(xué),效果更好。讓了解其他國(guó)家風(fēng)景,風(fēng)俗的同學(xué)介紹ideal place,增加學(xué)生的背景知識(shí),實(shí)現(xiàn)跨學(xué)科交流的目的。
五、教學(xué)Section B-2c1. Pair work: What do you think of the belt/sunglasses/…? What does your father/mother/… think of your scarf/belt…?2. Group work(1). Teacher shows some different kinds of school uniforms (制服)and asks : “ What do you think of your school uniforms? If you have a chance to choose your school uniforms, what kind would you like to choose?”(2). Discuss in groups.(3).Get some Ss to report in class.說(shuō)明:這一步旨在讓學(xué)生運(yùn)用已有的語(yǔ)言知識(shí)談?wù)搶?duì)事物的看法和意見(jiàn),并簡(jiǎn)單闡明理由,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的主動(dòng)思維能力和運(yùn)用英語(yǔ)的能力。六、教學(xué)拓展調(diào)查電視節(jié)目的收視率任務(wù):調(diào)查你周圍的人對(duì)現(xiàn)在各種電視節(jié)目的反響?;顒?dòng)過(guò)程:1.教師布置任務(wù),讓學(xué)生調(diào)查周圍的人(包括他的親戚朋友和鄰居)喜歡收看哪方面的電視節(jié)目。2.學(xué)生進(jìn)行調(diào)查活動(dòng),運(yùn)用本單元所學(xué)的句型What do you think of….? (Why?)What's your favorite game shows?What do you think of talk show?I doesn’t mind it.I like it.I love it.I can’t stand it.3.記錄下排在前10位的TV Program,填寫調(diào)查表,比較其收視率。
(1)Have you ever been to …? Yes, I have. / Yes, I have ever been to …No, I haven’t. / No, I have never been to …(2)When did you go there? I went there last year. (3)I have never been to a water park. Neither have I. I have ever been to an amusement park. So have I. (4)How long have you been studying English? I’ve been studying English since nine o’clock. I’ve been studying English since I came back home. I’ve been studying English for five hours. (5)What’s that? It’s an amusement park in Japan. I’ve never been to an amusement park like it before. It’s fun to learn another language. Let’s go tonight. Isn’t this great?space museum, amusement park, water park, South America, Peru, Holland, European culture, tour guide, flight attendant, musical instrument, more than, be from, get to, take lessons, neither, discover, graduate, change
"Hello! Welcome to English class! Introduce yourself. Meet your new classmates." That's what the teacher says. What do you say? "Oh no!" It can be difficult talking to new people. But it can be fun, and you can make friends. How do you do it? Make small talk. Small talk is polite conversation. "Wang Nan is a great pingpang player, isn't she?" "I'd love to meet her, wouldn't you?" "It's been raining a lot, hasn't it?" Tag questions are a form of polite speech. To make small talk successfully, you should know how to make them. You should also know what topics to talk about. Try to learn this unit carefully. The next time you're in English class, you'll find out. Making small talk's easy, isn't it? (“你好!歡迎你!請(qǐng)做一下自我介紹。認(rèn)識(shí)一下你的新同學(xué)。”通常在課上老師會(huì)這樣說(shuō)。你會(huì)說(shuō)什么呢?“噢,不!”與陌生人談話太困難了。但是這也很有意思,并且你還能交到朋友。你該怎么做呢?閑聊。閑聊指得是禮貌的對(duì)話?!巴蹰且粋€(gè)很棒的乒乓球運(yùn)動(dòng)員,不是嗎?”“我希望自己能認(rèn)識(shí)她,你呢?“今年的雨水很多,不是嗎?”反意疑問(wèn)句是一種禮貌用語(yǔ)。為了使得談話成功,你應(yīng)該知道怎樣去進(jìn)行閑聊。你還應(yīng)該知道與不同的人該談?wù)撌裁礃拥脑掝}。認(rèn)真的學(xué)習(xí)這個(gè)單元吧,下次在英語(yǔ)課上,你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)與大家展開(kāi)談話是一件很容易的事情,不信我們來(lái)試試。)
This activity introduces some new vocabulary and provide oral practice using the target language.Task 1 . Ask four students to stand in front of the class, and the teacher asks them the following questions as a reporter.1.What are you going to do when you grow up?2.What are you going to do next week?3.What are going to do after school?The students will give different answers, then ask a good student to report what they said.I am going to e a doctor.What did she say?----------She said she was going to be a doctor.I am going to have a party on Friday night.What did he say?-------He said he was going to have a party on Friday night.I am going to do my homework.What did she say ?------ She said she was going to do her homework.I am going home after school.What did she say?-----She said she was going home after school.Say In this unit we are going to learn to use words like to report what someone said.Task 2. Read the instructions. Then ask a student to read the four questions. And write the words on the Bb. Explain what soap opera is.Task 3. Ask the students to Look at the pictures, point out the TV screens in the picture. Ask one girl to read what Marcia said.What did Marcia say? She said She said she was having a surprise party for Lana on Friday night. Repeat the other pictures in the same way.Activity3. Listen and number the pictures in activity 1a.
Step Ⅱ Show the new words on the screen and teach the new words. Read the new words to students and ask them to repeat.Step Ⅲ 3aThis activity introduces new vocabulary and provides reading practice using the target language.In this activity first look at the four pictures.T: What can you see in the pictures?Ss: Four snow globes.T: Right. There are four snow globes in the pictures. And what are they?Ss: They are a monster, two polar bears, two penguins and a birthday cake.Write these words on the blackboard: snow globe; monster; polar bear; penguin and birthday cake. Read them to the class and ask students to repeat each one. Make sure students understand each word.Use a computer to show the E-mail message on the screen and read the message to students.Get students to read the e-mail on their own, and then draw lines connecting each snow globe and its description.Correct the answers.AnswersA line should connect each snow globe picture with the words that describe it in the letter.Step Ⅳ 3bThis activity provides writing practice using the target language.First review Activity 2a on Page 47.Then ask students to complete the message according to Activity 2a.Some partial sentences are given to students. Write about one person's collection.When students work, walk around the room checking the progress and offering help as needed.When they finish, ask some students to read their messages to the class.
(一).知識(shí)方面: 1.培養(yǎng)學(xué)生能運(yùn)用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)來(lái)描述、談?wù)撨^(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的事情或動(dòng)作的意識(shí)和能力,能就過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作做出正確的描述。 2.培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的想象力和角色扮演的合作能力。 3.培養(yǎng)學(xué)生講述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情經(jīng)過(guò)的能力。能正確運(yùn)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)來(lái)講述故事。 (二).技能方面: 1.本單元的語(yǔ)言目標(biāo)是Talk about past events and tell a story(談?wù)撨^(guò)去的時(shí)間和講述一個(gè)故事),圍繞這一目標(biāo),要涉及句型: What were you doing when the UFO arrived? ----I was sitting in the barber’s chair. The barber was cutting my hair. 因此必須學(xué)習(xí)standing、studying、cleaning、sleeping、cooking、making、eating、cutting、等表示地點(diǎn)的詞,以便為上述句型提供語(yǔ)言材料。2.學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的有關(guān)知識(shí)。Was/were+現(xiàn)在分詞,是該時(shí)態(tài)的表達(dá)式。 3.在學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中,要區(qū)分The boy was walking down the street when the UFO landed.和While the boy was walking down the street, the UFO landed.這兩種由when和while引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句的句型結(jié)構(gòu)。注意它們的不同。
《回憶魯迅先生》(節(jié)選)是一篇典型的有較長(zhǎng)篇幅的散文。本教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)以點(diǎn)帶面,長(zhǎng)文短教,設(shè)計(jì)了這樣一個(gè)問(wèn)題:“作者在文中為魯迅先生塑造了多個(gè)身份,具體有哪些?”如此化繁為簡(jiǎn),使課堂教學(xué)脈絡(luò)清晰。學(xué)生在閱讀長(zhǎng)篇幅文章時(shí)有了抓手,就可以有條理地去思考,形成系統(tǒng)性思維,直達(dá)教學(xué)目標(biāo)。本教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)還要求學(xué)生進(jìn)行批注式閱讀,直入文本。學(xué)生圍繞“說(shuō)說(shuō)魯迅先生身上有哪些優(yōu)秀的品質(zhì)讓學(xué)生蕭紅印象深刻?”做賞析式或者評(píng)價(jià)式批注,讓學(xué)生在自讀這篇文章時(shí),將無(wú)目的閱讀變?yōu)橛行ч喿x,既提高了課堂效率,也讓學(xué)生真正做到潛入文字之中,通過(guò)關(guān)注文章細(xì)節(jié)來(lái)深入把握文本。本教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)整體上以學(xué)生自主學(xué)習(xí)為主,教師適當(dāng)引導(dǎo)。遵從“整體感知內(nèi)容—局部探究—體會(huì)情感”的一般閱讀規(guī)律,以讀為指引,讓學(xué)生在讀中感知內(nèi)容,在讀中把握人物形象,在讀中體悟情感。各環(huán)節(jié)之間環(huán)環(huán)相扣,由淺入深,層層推進(jìn)。
【設(shè)計(jì)意圖】這三個(gè)活動(dòng)對(duì)培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的思維能力各有不同的目的和針對(duì)性。繪制航海路線圖,講述旅途精彩故事,可以幫助學(xué)生梳理全書的故事情節(jié);寫航海日記讓學(xué)生深入到作品的情節(jié)中,對(duì)幾個(gè)主人公的形象有更深入的理解;主題辯論既讓學(xué)生對(duì)人物形象有更深入的思考,也有助于學(xué)生深入理解作品主題。三、活動(dòng)結(jié)語(yǔ)師:讀完《海底兩萬(wàn)里》,相信同學(xué)們心中一定還有很多沒(méi)有得到解答的疑問(wèn)。尼摩船長(zhǎng)的身世究竟是什么?他的親人是怎么死的?他為什么要復(fù)仇?“諾第留斯號(hào)”潛艇最后的結(jié)局是什么呢?想要解開(kāi)這些謎團(tuán),請(qǐng)看凡爾納的另外兩部科幻小說(shuō)《格蘭特船長(zhǎng)的兒女》《神秘島》,它們會(huì)帶你揭開(kāi)這些謎底?!驹O(shè)計(jì)意圖】本環(huán)節(jié)旨在激發(fā)學(xué)生拓展閱讀的興趣,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生課外閱讀凡爾納的另外兩部作品,擴(kuò)大學(xué)生的閱讀量。
【設(shè)計(jì)意圖】從詩(shī)意的語(yǔ)言入手,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生關(guān)注句式節(jié)奏、抒情性、敘事性、哲理性,品析語(yǔ)言,從而加深對(duì)文本的理解,體會(huì)作者對(duì)麗江的熱愛(ài)、贊美之情,體會(huì)作者在景物描寫中隱含的思想。五、總結(jié)存儲(chǔ)1.教師總結(jié)作者虛構(gòu)一個(gè)旅游者兼講述者——“一滴水”,用它形成時(shí)空線索,串聯(lián)起麗江的自然風(fēng)光、歷史文化、民俗風(fēng)情,并著力表現(xiàn)景物背后的麗江的人文精神,來(lái)抒發(fā)作者對(duì)麗江古城與自然美妙融合的贊美之情,對(duì)麗江的醇美、和諧、沉靜的贊美之情,對(duì)傳統(tǒng)與現(xiàn)代文明和諧交融的贊美之情,對(duì)自然萬(wàn)物的熱愛(ài)和生命平等的意識(shí)。詩(shī)意的語(yǔ)言中,有強(qiáng)烈的抒情,有厚重的歷史感,有深邃的哲思。這“一滴水”折射出的,是阿來(lái)的思想、靈魂。2.布置作業(yè)(1)模仿本文的寫法,寫一篇不少于600字的隨筆,選擇一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)囊暯?,跨越時(shí)空,全面多角度展現(xiàn)家鄉(xiāng)的自然風(fēng)光、歷史文化、風(fēng)土人情。(2)課外閱讀阿來(lái)的《大地的階梯》,體會(huì)融景物、歷史、感悟、思考于一體的游記風(fēng)格。
預(yù)設(shè) 第一組:(1)語(yǔ)言精準(zhǔn)又生動(dòng)形象,首先用長(zhǎng)句總寫各拉丹冬的變化多端,然后接連用短句,簡(jiǎn)筆勾勒各拉丹冬巍峨高大、棱角分明的特點(diǎn),張弛有度,富有音樂(lè)美感。(2)用語(yǔ)精簡(jiǎn)而準(zhǔn)確,形象性強(qiáng),短促的句子節(jié)奏,很好地表現(xiàn)出冰體形狀之多令人目不暇接,最后部分節(jié)奏放緩,形成一種張弛有度的音樂(lè)美,讓句子又融入段落主體比較舒緩的節(jié)奏中去。第二組:(1)將自己的身體不適比喻為“小震”“大地震”,描寫自己由于病痛而行動(dòng)遲緩的“猶如霹靂舞的‘太空步’”,幽默之中,透露出作者樂(lè)觀、堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的精神和對(duì)探險(xiǎn)事業(yè)的熱愛(ài)。 (2)用“分外利落”形容自己拍攝冰山時(shí)跌倒骨裂的情景,好似沒(méi)有痛苦一般。這幽默調(diào)侃之中,透露出作者樂(lè)觀、堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的精神。第三組:(1)“眩暈”原指一種癥狀,感覺(jué)到自己或周圍的東西旋轉(zhuǎn),這里指“浩浩蒼蒼”的美景令人目不暇接,令人不知該看什么;“賣弄”原指有意顯示、炫耀,含貶義,這里指大自然的無(wú)窮創(chuàng)造力在各拉丹冬展現(xiàn)得淋漓盡致。
預(yù)設(shè) 示例1:“板塊背上馱著許多大陸,當(dāng)板塊向一個(gè)或另一個(gè)方向運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí),大陸也隨之一起運(yùn)動(dòng)?!薄榜W”字形象地寫出了大陸漂移的樣子,使抽象的理論變得生動(dòng)、有趣、易懂。示例2:“位于南極中心部位的南極洲是全球的大冰箱。”運(yùn)用了打比方的說(shuō)明方法,形象地說(shuō)明了南極洲寒冷的程度和南極洲在地球生態(tài)環(huán)境中的重要位置。 示例3:“一立方英寸被壓扁的沙子比一立方英寸普通的沙子要重得多?!边\(yùn)用作比較的說(shuō)明方法,說(shuō)明同體積被壓扁的沙子比普通沙子重得多的特點(diǎn)?!驹O(shè)計(jì)意圖】本環(huán)節(jié)設(shè)計(jì)的三個(gè)層次的語(yǔ)言賞析,讓學(xué)生深入文本體會(huì)、學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)明精練、邏輯性強(qiáng)、幽默風(fēng)趣的特點(diǎn),提高學(xué)生的語(yǔ)言鑒賞能力,為今后的說(shuō)明文寫作夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)。四、總結(jié)拓展,激發(fā)思維所選的兩篇課文就同一對(duì)象——恐龍從不同角度思考,從而發(fā)現(xiàn)新的論據(jù)或得出新的結(jié)論。文章給了我們一些有益的啟示:不同領(lǐng)域的科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)可以互相啟發(fā),從而有新的發(fā)現(xiàn);要學(xué)會(huì)從不同角度思考問(wèn)題。選擇下面兩個(gè)探討任務(wù)之一課外完成。
1.了解演講者的觀點(diǎn),領(lǐng)悟格物致知精神的內(nèi)涵。2.梳理演講者的思路,把握演講詞層層推進(jìn)的結(jié)構(gòu)。 一、導(dǎo)入新課 1974年,美籍華裔物理學(xué)家丁肇中向全世界宣布發(fā)現(xiàn)J粒子,開(kāi)辟了人們認(rèn)識(shí)微觀世界的新境界,并因此于1976年獲得了諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng),成為首位用中文在諾獎(jiǎng)?lì)C獎(jiǎng)典禮上發(fā)表演講的科學(xué)家,引起了世界的轟動(dòng)。請(qǐng)同學(xué)們閱讀下面這則材料,了解他取得這項(xiàng)偉大成就的經(jīng)歷。1974年以前,人們認(rèn)為基本粒子都可以歸納為三種夸克。丁肇中對(duì)此持懷疑態(tài)度,但他想進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)的想法卻遭到了幾乎所有國(guó)家大型實(shí)驗(yàn)室的反對(duì)。最終,他在美國(guó)布魯克海文國(guó)家實(shí)驗(yàn)室開(kāi)展了實(shí)驗(yàn),經(jīng)過(guò)兩年多夜以繼日地實(shí)驗(yàn),終于發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種未曾預(yù)料過(guò)的新的基本粒子——J粒子,而它來(lái)自第四夸克。他的發(fā)現(xiàn)推翻了過(guò)去認(rèn)為世界只由三種夸克組成的理論,為人類認(rèn)識(shí)微觀世界開(kāi)辟了一個(gè)新的境界,被稱為“物理學(xué)的十一月革命”。丁肇中也因此項(xiàng)發(fā)現(xiàn)在1976年獲得了諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)。