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人教版高中語文必修3《祝?！氛f課稿3篇
各位評委老師，大家好。我說課的題目是《祝?！?。一、說教材（一）教材所處的位置和地位高中語文新課程教材必修五本書，共有2個單元中外小說單元。一個必修3的第一單元，一個是必修5的第一單元，共六篇文章。（《林黛玉進賈府》《祝?！贰独先伺c?！贰读纸填^風雪山神廟》《裝在套子里的人》《邊城》）《祝福》是屬于前者。小說是擁有眾多讀者的一種文體，它可以多方面刻畫人物性格，描摹人物心理，完整地表現(xiàn)人物之間的沖突，還可以具體生動地再現(xiàn)人物生活的環(huán)境，因此在反映復雜的社會生活方面具有獨特優(yōu)勢。所以學習小說這種文學樣式，也是有助于學生學會鑒賞小說的基本方法，為將來的小說閱讀打下基礎。魯迅的《祝?！肥侵袊F(xiàn)代小說的精品，當中的人物祥林嫂也是魯迅小說中與阿Q、孔乙己三個最為出名的人物之一。研讀好這篇文章，對將來小說的閱讀，小說中人物的理解，甚至小說的寫作都有深廣意義。
人教版高中英語必修4Body Language說課稿4篇
Textbook: Senior English for China (Book 4), by Liu Daoyi Time Allotment: 1 period (40 minutes)Date: March 20, 2014Teaching aids: blackboard, Multi-media, Power Point, chalk I. Text Analysis （教材分析）This unit is about body language, and the text selected in the reading part demonstrates the difference and similarity of body language in many parts of the world. Through learning this passage, students are required to raise their awareness of using body language in different parts of the world. As body language is closely related to our daily life, it is easy to arouse students’ interest in learning this text. Reading skills and speaking training are designed around the text.II. Teaching Objectives （教學目標）By the end of the lesson, students will be able to:1. Language Skill Objective（語言技能目標）: develop reading ability （skimming and scanning）as well as speaking ability.2. Cultural Knowledge Objective（文化知識目標）: know about the cultural differences of using body language.3. Affective Objective（情感目標）: increase students’ awareness of using body language correctly in different cultures. III.Teaching Focuses and Difficulties（教學重點和難點）1. Teaching Focuses（教學重點）: the difference and similarity of body language in many parts of the world.2. Teaching Difficulties（教學難點）: develop students’ reading abilities of skimming and scanning and ask the students to show their opinions with fluent English.
人教版高中英語必修3Astronomy the science of the stars說課稿3篇
Step 2 Pre-listeningAfter students finish their discussion, I will show a picture of Newton and ask them: Who is him? What is he famous for? Could you find out some words to describe him? Maybe students will answer that he is genius for his finding of theGravitation, making a great contribution to the progress of human being. At that time I will show another two pictures of Einstein and Hawking, letting students guess who they are and write down their idea about the Gravitation. For I have arranged them to search more information about the gravity before this class, Students have beenfamiliar with the topic and will not be afraid about this abstract conception, which is helpful for their listening.Step 3 While-listeningIn this step, students will be required to listen the material for three times. The first and listening is extensive listening and the second and third listening is intensive listening. In the first time, They are required to listen a material including Part 1 and Part 2 and choose the best summary of the listening text. After they choose the right answer, They also need work in group to explain what is wrong with the others. Then I will make a conclusion that we should pay attention to the first paragraph and last paragraph and some keys to get the main idea. By doing this, their capacity of generalization will have a great improvement.Before the second listening, I will ask students to scan the blank on the power point quickly and ask them to note down some key words .Then ask them to listen to the Part 1again and fill the first column of the chart. Maybe some students just show the ideas of these three scientists an still can’t catch their development of gravity. Therefore, I will ask them to listen to Part 2 again and fill in the rest. After finish the listening, I will give them ten minutes to discuss with their partner. I will also guidethem to improve their answers when they discuss with others.
人教版高中英語必修4Women of achievement說課稿4篇
Good morning, distinguished judges:It’s my honor to talk about my teaching ideas with you. Today my topic is Women of Achievement. My presentation consists of six parts: the analysis of teaching material and student, teaching aims, key and difficult points, teaching and studying method, teaching procedures and blackboard design.First, let’s focus on the analysis of teaching material. This lesson is from New Senior English for China Student’s Book 4 Unit 1, the reading part. The main topic of the passage is the introduction of a student of Africanwildlife. After this lesson, the students will learn more information about her studying chimps in Africa, and their reading and speaking abilities can be developed as well.The next part is the analysis of students. My students are in senior high students. They have learnt English for many years, they’ve known many words and sentences, but their speaking and reading abilities are still not very good. So I will practice their speaking and reading abilities through different exercises.According to the New Standard Curriculum and the present situation, I set the teaching aims as follows: firstly, knowledge aims. Students can grasp some new words, such as worthwhile, move off. Moreover, students can understand the content of the passage and get familiar with the topic of studying chimps in wildlife. Secondly, ability aims. Students can use reading strategies such as skimming and scanning in reading process. Thirdly, emotional aims. Students can have the awareness of protecting animals and care about animals.Based on the above analysis, the key point of this lesson is to get the main idea and the detailed information from the passage; the difficult point is to talk about the wildlife protection and use reading strategies.
人教版高中英語必修3Festivals around the World說課稿3篇
Teaching plan for Unit 1 book3Good morning, teachers. It’s my great pleasure to be here because I can share my lesson with you and I can learn a lot from it. I’ll begin my lesson from the following four parts， the teaching material, the teaching methods, the studying methods and the teaching procedure.Firstly, let me talk about the teaching material. The content of my lesson is the reading passage festivals and celebrations of Unit 1 Festivals around the world. This passage is about festivals and celebrations. By studying this passage, we’ll enable the students to know that festivals exit everywhere, and many of festivals in different countries celebrate similar ideas. As we all know, the reading passage is the center of each unit. If the Ss can learn it well, it will be helpful to make the Ss learn the rest of this unit.After studying the teaching material, I think the teaching aims are as the followings:1. Knowledge aims:(1) The Ss can master the usage of the important words andexpressions.(2)The Ss can use the __________________ (grammar) in the proper situation.Make students know about the festivals all over the world and the detail of the festivals, such as origin, content, and the date of the holiday festivals.2. Ability aims:(1) Students can talk about festivals and celebrations in English(2) To improve the student’s reading ability, especially their skimming and scanning ability.3. Emotion aims:Make the Ss know about the foreign festivals, and respect other countries’ custom.Next, let’s come to the important points and the difficult points.The important point is how to make the Ss understand the text better and the difficult point is how can they talk about it. secondly， Teaching Methods:1. task-based Language Teaching2. Computer assisted language teaching.3. question-and–answer methodThirdly， Studying Methods:
人教版高中英語必修4Working The Land說課稿3篇
Knowledge objectives:(1) to make Ss grasp the usage of words, expressions and sentence structures: statistics, struggle, thanks to, rid of, some patterns for persuasion, the “ing” form as subject and object;(2)to use learnt knowledge to persuade sb.Ability objectives:(1) to develop Ss’ reading skills(skimming, scanning, word guessing);(2) to improve Ss’ speaking, communicating and cooperating skills.Emotional objectives:to make Ss know the contribution of Yuan,and learn his spirit and his simple life time.Teaching important and difficult points:(1) some words, expressions and sentence structures mentioned above;(2)the content of the text;(3)training their reading and speaking skills.Teaching methods: CLT, TBLT,QT.Learning strategies: CLS, QLS, TBLS.Teaching procedures:Step 1 lead-in: (1) teacher plays a piece of recent news from CCTV about the harvest of the super hybrid rice, and ask students whether they know Yuan or not, and talk about him and his contribution.(2)Brain storm: let Ss describe Yuan in their minds including his appearance, his living condition and so on.Step 2 fast reading tasks:(1)teacher introduces Yuan and super hybrid rice(2)make Ss read the text as fast as possible with questions. Such as: what’s the general ideaof this passage? What’s Yuan’ dream? (skimming and scanning skill)Step 3 intensive reading tasks(1)let Ss read the text silently, find topic sentence of each paragraph and draw the difficult sentences and the knowledge what they don’t understand.(words guessing)(2)teacher and Ss talk about the important words, expressions and sentences together, and ask Ss to retell the content of the text.(summarizing and paraphrasing)(3)teacher summarize this part.(4) read again following the courseware.
人教版高中英語必修5Life in the Future說課稿5篇
Good afternoon, everyone. It’s my great pleasure to be here sharing my lesson with you. The content of my lesson is Senior English for China Book5 Unit 3 Life in the Future. I’ll be ready to begin this lesson from six parts: Analysis of the teaching material, Analysis of the students, Teaching aims and important and difficult points, Teaching methods and aids, Teaching procedures, and Blackboard design. First, let me talk about the teaching material.Part 1 Analysis of the Teaching Material:This unit is about what human beings’ life will be like in about one thousand years. By studying of this unit, we’ll Enable the students to know the changes in humans’ life and some new inventions bringing about the change and develop the interest in science. This lesson plays an important part in the English teaching in this unit. This is an important lesson in Book Five. From this lesson, it starts asking the Ss to grasp contents of each passage. Therefore, this lesson is in the important position of the teaching material. If the Ss can learn it well, it will be helpful to make the Ss learn the rest of this unit.Part 2 Analysis of the SsAs Senior2 Ss, they are at different levels of English fluency, some of them have lost interest in English. So during the lesson, I arrange a variety of activities to let all of them join in to attract their interest and let them be confident and taste the joy of success.
人教版高中英語必修5Making the news說課稿4篇
今天我們來介紹一下必修五第四單元的授課方式。這個單元的題目是Making the news。應該是學生比較感興趣的話題，學生往往對新聞工作充滿好奇，所以我們可以利用這個機會多設計一些師生互動和學生互動，來激發(fā)起學習的積極性，提高學習效率。同時我們可以利用這個單元不僅幫助學生掌握語言知識，培養(yǎng)語言能力，同時讓其了解新聞工作的重要性，培養(yǎng)起社會智能感。這個單元分為六個課時，它的教學目標是這樣的：語言目標是掌握詞匯表中的常用單詞和短語，掌握倒裝句的一些基本用法。 技能目標是能初步掌握約會的基本句型并在真實的場景下正確運用。新聞報道類文章的寫作技能。采訪的基本規(guī)范和溝通技能。情感目標是對新聞報道的客觀性和真實性有更好的理解。對新聞記者的職業(yè)有更深入的了解，并能體會其工作的重要性。下面我們來介紹一下第一課時的授課方式，第一課的教學目標是這樣的第一課時的教學目標語言目標:單詞：Occupation, journalist, editor, photographer, curious, personality, enthusiasm
人教版高中語文必修1《紀念劉和珍君》說課稿3篇
1.說教材《記念劉和珍君》是魯迅先生用飽醮著熱淚，用悲憤的筆調(diào)寫下的一篇感人至深的散文，既有對愛國青年沉痛的悼念，又有對反動派憤怒的控訴，也有對覺醒的國民的吶喊?！队浤顒⒑驼渚肥歉咧姓Z文必修1第三單元第一課的講讀課文。文中描摹人物的音容笑貌，敘述人物的行為事跡，都融入了作者真摯的情感和深刻的感悟。對學生明辨是非，領悟時代精神和人生意義，有著重要的作用。新課標強調(diào)了要全面提升高中學生的語文素養(yǎng)，初步形成正確的世界觀、人生觀、價值觀，并學會收集、判斷、處理信息，具有人文素養(yǎng)、創(chuàng)新精神與實踐能力。同時，《記念劉和珍君》感情真摯，感悟深刻，具有典型人文性。結合本單元教學目標，確立教學目標如下。
人教版高中英語必修4A taste of English Humor說課稿3篇
Then I would ask them to think of a funny English or Chinese and tell it to partners. While telling stories, they can use expressions and some acting to help make the story funny. 5 minutes would be given to do this.Those stories they told there will be the material for their writing. Soletting them tell it at first is helpful. And they can make a difference between telling a funny story and writing it down. Generally speaking, it is difficult forstudents to write well because they don’t know what to write and how to write. Asking them to tell their own stories at first can help them come up with what to write.After their telling, I would invite someone to share his/her story with all of us and I would write it down on the blackboard.This example story would be used as a sample to illustrate the format of funny story. Different from a story from teacher or textbook, a story from students can obviously become a interesting material to draw students’ attention.Then I would ask the whole class to put this story into several parts. It might be a little bit difficult for them. So I would ask them to find out whether all the sentences are necessary. After delete some sentences, there are 6 sentences left behind. Then they can easily put them into three parts. After interaction with students, I would teach them the right terms for each part and conclude the format of funny story.This step is the key and difficult point in my lesson. So I mainly usetask-based teaching method in this part and the task for students was divided into several stages. With the separated difficult level, students can find there are usually three parts in writing. They can also learn to write without the unnecessary parts in the process of analyzing. And then I wouldn’t rush to tell them the right terms to them directly. Instead, I would ask them to name them by their own. A confused mind is better for acquiring knowledge.While-writing:Then I would give students 7 minutes to write down this story, without other requirements.With all the preparations in pre-writing, students’ difficulties were cleared. So it would be much easier for them to write down the story within 7 minutes. There are no other requirements because students’ first writing is actually a drafting. It would be revise and edit several times later. Writing, as a skill
人教版高中英語必修3The million pound bank note說課稿3篇
在接下來的細讀環(huán)節(jié)，我套用了高考對閱讀理解的考查方式設置了5個問題，分別為三個推理判斷題，一個細節(jié)題和一個主旨大意題。學生需要對文章的內(nèi)容進行分析、歸納、推理、猜測等高級思維活動才能做出正確的回答?！驹O計意圖】這一過程是對學生進行細讀的訓練，培養(yǎng)學生獲取特定信息和挖掘文章深層次信息的能力。第三環(huán)節(jié):Intensive-reading (精讀) 15′第三個環(huán)節(jié)精讀，既是最重要的環(huán)節(jié)，也是突破本課重難點的關鍵。首先，讓學生思考劇本中人物看到百萬英鎊前后的態(tài)度發(fā)生了怎樣的變化。其次，讓學生仔細閱讀文章，找出可以表現(xiàn)人物態(tài)度變化的具體的語言和動作。最后，讓學生總結人物的態(tài)度發(fā)生變化的根本原因是什么，從而引出Money Talks, 供學生思考?！驹O計意圖】通過一系列的活動培養(yǎng)學生學習從人物的語言和動作探究人物的心理，使學生進一步體會戲劇語言的魅力，從而對文章背后所反映的社會問題進行思考，也為下一步的討論環(huán)節(jié)做好鋪墊。
人教版高中英語必修5First aid說課稿6篇
In this class, I have 3 teaching aims, that is, knowledge aims, ability aims and emotion aims.1) Knowledge-Teach students new words and expressions, such as temporary, bleed,sprain choke, first aid, fall ill and so on.-Enable students to have a better understanding for some basic knowledge of first aid.2) Ability-Train students’ speaking, reading and writing abilities by different teaching activities, such as skimming, comprehending, team work, role play, retelling and writing.-Develop students’ reading strategy on how to move general idea to specific information.3) Emotion-Promote students’ awareness of giving first aid.- Cultivate students’ creativities.Then let’s come to my teaching methods and activities.III. Teaching methods and activities:To achieve different teaching aims, various kinds of teaching methods and activities will be adopted throughout this period, such as TBL (task-based learning), skimming, team work, brainstorm and others, which can offer students opportunities to fulfill tasks in which they can use language to achieve a specific outcome.IV. Teaching aids:Computer and blackboardV. Teaching important points:1) Make students have a clear mind for the structure of the text.2) Help students understand the theme of the text.VI. Teaching difficulties:1) So many new words may affect students’ understanding.2) How to get students to know about the functions of the skin and thecauses, characteristics and treatments for different degree burns,and the knowledge about giving first aid. VII. Blackboard design:
新人教版高中英語必修3Unit 4 Space Exploration-Discovering Useful Structures導學案
【點津】 1.不定式的復合結構作目的狀語 ,當不定式或不定式短語有自己的執(zhí)行者時，要用不定式的復合結構?即在不定式或不定式短語之前加 for ＋名詞或賓格代詞?作狀語。He opened the door for the children to come in. 他開門讓孩子們進來。目的狀語從句與不定式的轉換 英語中的目的狀語從句，還可以變?yōu)椴欢ㄊ交虿欢ㄊ蕉陶Z作狀語，從而使句子在結構上得以簡化?？煞譃閮煞N情況： 1?當目的狀語從句中的主語與主句中的主語相同時，可以直接簡化為不定式或不定式短語作狀語。We'll start early in order that/so that we may arrive in time. →We'll start early in order to/so as to arrive in time. 2?當目的狀語從句中的主語與主句中的主語不相同時，要用動詞不定式的復合結構作狀語。I came early in order that you might read my report before the meeting. →I came early in order for you to read my report before the meeting.
人教版高中地理必修2從市中心到郊區(qū)，你選擇住哪里說課稿
課前活動：分成四組，對南京三個住房地段進行調(diào)查，新街口夫子廟、板倉、仙林，對住房居民進行問卷調(diào)查，自行設計調(diào)查問卷，分析該地段的房價要求，居民的要求，居民為何要在該地段購買住房，基礎設施設置等等其它與居民購房有關的因素。◆設計意圖：利用課前小組探究形式對所學問題進行相關調(diào)查，不僅讓學生掌握知識了解知識來源于社會還能培養(yǎng)學生深入生活交際表達能力以及合作探究能力；3.問題設計同學們，不知道你們在調(diào)查過程中是否發(fā)現(xiàn)一個問題，郊區(qū)的房子，特別是別墅，都是些高檔居所，許多有錢人的居住場所，那為什么會這樣呢？伴隨著城市化進程中居民都往城里擠，為什么還會有許多有錢人往郊區(qū)搬呢？這就是我們今天要研究的第二個問題：逆城市化?！粼O計意圖：承轉過渡知識，從購房選擇因素的學習過渡到郊區(qū)化的學習，同時培養(yǎng)學生發(fā)現(xiàn)問題的能力，給學生以啟迪。
人教版高中政治必修3文化在繼承中發(fā)展說課稿2篇
2、學生分析 九十年代初期出生的孩子，生活在一個充滿活力的時代，張揚個性成為他（她）們的主旋律。面對這一時代的學生，溝通需要用心、用技巧，那也是一門藝術。高中學生的心理日趨成熟,有一定的知識積累,且比較豐富;語言邏輯性強,有較強的參與意識,求知欲望及表現(xiàn)欲望。學生主體參與的充分，表現(xiàn)在其主動性，積極性得到極大的調(diào)動。這與教師的主導作用是分不開的。本課教案就是要引導學生自己先閱讀書本、獨立思考、激發(fā)學生思維，引導學生各抒己見，讓學生自己得出解答問題的結論，不追求答案的唯一。充分體現(xiàn)了讀書是一種個體行為，每個學生有不同的體驗。教師應跳出教案的問題模式，和學生一道去創(chuàng)造地發(fā)現(xiàn)問題、分析問題、解決問題，在成功中尋找快樂、在快樂中更加成功。同時特別注重創(chuàng)設的情景的選擇性，有針對性和實效性，引導學生們積極、主動參與，使他們的潛能、智慧得出充分挖掘、展示。只有當學生們在課堂上表現(xiàn)出來的獨特的、有創(chuàng)意的設計見解，學生主體參與和教師主導二者完美結合，才能表明該課的設計卓有成效。
人教版高中政治必修3文化在交流中傳播說課稿2篇
師：同學們這個暑假過得真不錯呀，都有自己最開心的日子。同學們經(jīng)歷的這些活動，讓你們自己長了知識，豐富了閱歷，你們今天的介紹，也讓我和更多的同學大開了眼界。由此可見，在今天，通過親身參與、實踐，通過網(wǎng)絡、電影，通過交流發(fā)言，大家獲得了許多新的信息、知識，增強了對祖國美好河山的熱愛、對科技的向往和異國的友誼。同學們信息交流的過程，實際上也是文化傳播的過程。板書課題:第二課時文化在交流中傳播話題導入討論話題：如何建設文明校園?（課前準備：要求同學們仔細觀察、了解關于校園文明現(xiàn)象的問題，并就如何建設文明校園提出自己的建議。教師可按自然組，讓學生推選一名代表發(fā)言，就校園文明方面談談存在的問題和不足，或提出一些中肯的改進意見）（學生交流）生1：建設文明校園，首先要凈化語言環(huán)境，我們學校不少同學愛說臟話，與文明校園很不相稱。
人教版高中政治必修2人民代表大會-國家權力機關說課稿
一．說教材1.教材地位分析：《人民代表大會：國家權力機關》是新課標人教版高一思想政治必修二政治生活第三單元第五課第一框安排的內(nèi)容。本框題從貼近學生的日常生活和社會實際的情景入手，主要講述了人民行使國家權力的機關及其組成人員的有關內(nèi)容。在此之前，學生們已經(jīng)學習了公民的政治生活和為人民服務的政府兩個單元，本單元在內(nèi)容上是前兩個單元的延伸和深化，也是政治生活的核心內(nèi)容。本框題的學習是為后一框題作鋪墊，是以后政治學習中不可缺少的部分，也是往年高考的必考內(nèi)容。2.課程標準分析：本框要求學生了解中國特色社會主義政治制度，懂得建設社會主義政治文明，首先要了解人民行使國家權力的機關是全國人民代表大會和地方各級人民代表大會；同時要了解人大代表的權力與義務。二．說學生那么正如一個廣告語說的那樣，成功之路從頭開始，教學之路則從認識學生開始。
人教版高中語文必修2《孔雀東南飛并序》說課稿2篇
4、問題策略。引導學生提出問題、提出有價值的問題，是探究性學習的難點，也是課堂教學最有活力、最具創(chuàng)造力的亮點。我設計的課堂問題有：詩歌著力贊頌劉焦堅貞愛情和反抗精神，但他們許多地方卻表現(xiàn)的非常順從呢？焦母如此專橫固執(zhí)，為什么在焦劉悲劇發(fā)生后又要求合葬呢？這些由詩句生發(fā)的問題，會深深打動作學生的心靈，誘導學生去讀詩，去背詩，去體味詩。5、手段方法。借助多媒體課件10個幻燈片、課文音頻誦讀資料、課文相關的文字資料，采用誦讀法、討論法、探究法等教學方法進行本課教學。6、板書設計：板書是教學內(nèi)容的濃縮。根據(jù)教學重點和本詩特色，我的板書分預設和生成兩塊。預設板書設計有文章標題、情節(jié)結構、藝術特色三部分。文章標題孔雀東南飛情節(jié)結構被遣——誓別——抗婚——殉情——化鳥藝術手法①人物對話的個性化②鋪陳排比的手法③起興和尾聲
人教版高中語文必修2《歸園田居（其一）》說課稿2篇
我還運用多媒體投影幻燈片給學生設置兩組相互對照的選項，讓同學們根據(jù)幻燈片選擇：你贊同每組中那一種價值取向？一組是功名、進取、高官、厚祿與自然、隱逸、本性、自由。另一組是科學、發(fā)展、強大、集中與詩意、和諧、柔弱、個體。經(jīng)過合作探究，討論解答，學生結合陶淵明的歸隱對第一組討論探究的應該比較容易，而對第二組的理解探究會出現(xiàn)一定的難度，教師可以就學生的情感價值觀方面適當?shù)慕o予點撥引導：幻燈片上面的第二組文字通過對比，給我們提供了兩種價值取向，你是要通過科學、發(fā)展、強大和集中來實現(xiàn)遨游太空等童話，那就勢必會令我們放棄了詩意的童話，只關注工業(yè)的發(fā)展，城市面積的擴大，鄉(xiāng)村田園必將減少 。你還是要維護生態(tài)平衡，保護一切的多樣性呢？我認為詩意永遠要領導科學，梅羅和陶淵明就共同表達了八個字——詩意、和諧、柔弱和個體。你的本性在田園，當我們身心疲憊時，我們都需要一個心靈的家園，所以我希望大家無論做何選擇都能夠守住我們那片寧靜、祥和的心靈家園。
人教版高中歷史必修2第二次工業(yè)革命說課稿2篇
②內(nèi)燃機的發(fā)明推動了交通運輸領域的革新。19世紀末，新型的交通工具——汽車出現(xiàn)了。1885年，德國人卡爾·本茨成功地制成了第一輛用汽油內(nèi)燃機驅動的汽車。1896年，美國人亨利·福特制造出他的第一輛四輪汽車。與此同時，許多國家都開始建立汽車工業(yè)。隨后，以內(nèi)燃機為動力的內(nèi)燃機車、遠洋輪船、飛機等也不斷涌現(xiàn)出來。1903年，美國人萊特兄弟制造的飛機試飛成功，實現(xiàn)了人類翱翔天空的夢想，預告了交通運輸新紀元的到來。③內(nèi)燃機的發(fā)明推動了石油開采業(yè)的發(fā)展和石油化學工業(yè)的產(chǎn)生。石油也像電力一樣成為一種極為重要的新能源。1870年，全世界開采的石油只有80萬噸，到1900年猛增至2 000萬噸。（3）化學工業(yè)的發(fā)展：①無機化學工業(yè)：用化學反應的方式開始從煤焦油中提煉氨、笨、等，用化學合成的方式，美國人發(fā)明了塑料，法國人發(fā)明了纖維，瑞典人發(fā)明了炸藥等。