Everybody wants to get wealth.In today’s material world,making money or becoming wealthy symbolizes a person’s success and capability. Many people just make every effort, pay any price to attain greater wealth. With money,they can buy nice, large apartments in nice neighborhood. With money they can own luxurious cars. Wealth seems to bring all happiness in life.But is wealth the only road to happiness? Not really. There are many things in the world, which are beyond the means of money, such as friendship, love, health and knowledge. People are so preoccupied with struggling for money that they have no time or would not take the time to form or maintain friendship. What happiness can they feel living as lonely miserable creatures without love or friends in the world even if they accumulate tremendous wealth?In my opinion, people can’t do anything without money, but money is not everything. What money will bring you depends on your personal belief and goal in life. If you are kind enough to help others, especially the poor, money is a good thing to you. With it, you can do much more for the benefit of people and your country, and it will add to your own happiness. If you want money just for your own needs, you’ll never be satisfied or happy. In a word,you should have money spent for more people. Only then can money be the source of your happiness.Step 8 Homework4 students in a group, one acts Roderick, one Oliver, one servant and the fourth one acts Henry Adams, then listen to the tape, pay more attention to the difference between American English and British English in pronunciation, stress, tone.
【參考范文】Narrator:(Henry is smiling as he leaves the restaurant. As he is walking down the street, he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to get it cut. )H=Henry;B=Barber;R=rude manH:Good afternoon, I'd like to get a cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry's hair and continues cutting another man's hair. )Er, I'd really like a haircut. As you can see it's much too long. B:(in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H:Fine, well I'll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber's chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B:It's quite expensive here, you know!Are you sure you can afford it?H:Yes. I think so. (In comes the rude man. )R:Hey you there. I need a haircut quickly. Can you do me straightaway?B:All right, then, get in the chair and I'll see what I can do. R:Thank you. (sits down in one of the barber's chairs)H:Excuse me, but I was here first. Aren't you going to do my hair first?B:This man's in a hurry. H:Well so am I!I insist that you cut my hair first. B:OK, but I'll have to be quick. This gentleman is waiting. H:Thank you. (They both become quiet. After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B:Why, Mr . . . (looks shocked)H:Adams. Henry Adams. I'm sorry, I don't have any change. R:You're that Mr Adams! Well,I'm glad I waited or I might never have known it was you. B:Why, Mr Adams, please don't worry!(wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about!Nothing at all!Please come back any time, even if you only need too little hairs cut!It will be my honour to serve you!
當(dāng)孩子們由父母陪同時(shí),他們才被允許進(jìn)入這個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)。3.過(guò)去分詞(短語(yǔ))作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)的幾種特殊情況(1)過(guò)去分詞(短語(yǔ))在句中作時(shí)間、條件、原因、讓步狀語(yǔ)時(shí),相當(dāng)于對(duì)應(yīng)的時(shí)間、條件、原因及讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。Seen from the top of the mountain (=When it is seen from the top of the mountain), the whole town looks more beautiful.從山頂上看,整個(gè)城市看起來(lái)更美了。Given ten more minutes (=If we are given ten more minutes), we will finish the work perfectly.如果多給十分鐘,我們會(huì)完美地完成這項(xiàng)工作。Greatly touched by his words (=Because she was greatly touched by his words), she was full of tears.由于被他的話深深地感動(dòng),她滿眼淚花。Warned of the storm (=Though they were warned of the storm), the farmers were still working on the farm.盡管被警告了風(fēng)暴的到來(lái),但農(nóng)民們?nèi)栽谵r(nóng)場(chǎng)干活。(2)過(guò)去分詞(短語(yǔ))在句中作伴隨、方式等狀語(yǔ)時(shí),可改為句子的并列謂語(yǔ)或改為并列分句。The teacher came into the room, followed by two students (=and was followed by two students).后面跟著兩個(gè)學(xué)生,老師走進(jìn)了房間。He spent the whole afternoon, accompanied by his mom(=and was accompanied by his mom).他由母親陪著度過(guò)了一整個(gè)下午。
Step 7: complete the discourse according to the grammar rules.Cholera used to be one of the most 1.__________ (fear) diseases in the world. In the early 19th century, _2_________ an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died. But neither its cause, 3__________ its cure was understood. A British doctor, John Snow, wanted to solve the problem and he knew that cholera would not be controlled _4_________ its cause was found. In general, there were two contradictory theories 5 __________ explained how cholera spread. The first suggested that bad air caused the disease. The second was that cholera was caused by an _6_________(infect) from germs in food or water. John Snow thought that the second theory was correct but he needed proof. So when another outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854, he began to investigate. Later, with all the evidence he _7_________ (gather), John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs. Therefore, he had the handle of the pump _8_________ (remove) so that it couldn't be used. Through his intervention,the disease was stopped in its tracks. What is more, John Snow found that some companies sold water from the River Thames that __9__________________ (pollute) by raw waste. The people who drank this water were much more likely _10_________ (get) cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water. Through John Snow's efforts, the _11_________ (threaten) of cholera around the world saw a substantial increase. Keys: 1.feared 2.when 3. nor 4.unless 5.that/which 6.infection 7.had gathered 8.removed 9.was polluted 10.to get 11. threat
This happens because the dish soap molecules have a strong negative charge, and the milk molecules have a strong positive charge. Like magnets, these molecules are attracted to each other, and so they appear to move around on the plate, taking the food coloring with them, making it look like the colors are quickly moving to escape from the soap.Listening text:? Judy: Oh, I'm so sorry that you were ill and couldn't come with us on our field trip. How are you feeling now? Better?? Bill: Much better, thanks. But how was it?? Judy: Wonderful! I especially liked an area of the museum called Light Games.it was really cool. They had a hall of mirrors where I could see myself reflected thousands of times!? Bill: A hall of mirrors can be a lot of fun. What else did they have?? Judy: Well, they had an experiment where we looked at a blue screen for a while, and then suddenly we could see tiny bright lights moving around on it. You'll never guess what those bright lights were!? Bill: Come on, tell me!? Judy: They were our own blood cells. For some reason, our eyes play tricks on us when we look at a blue screen, and we can see our own blood cells moving around like little lights! But there was another thing I liked better. I stood in front of a white light, and it cast different shadows of me in every color of the rainbow!? Bill: Oh, I wish I had been there. Tell me more!? Judy: Well, they had another area for sound. They had a giant piano keyboard that you could use your feet to play. But then, instead of playing the sounds of a piano, it played the voices of classical singers! Then they had a giant dish, and when you spoke into it, it reflected the sound back and made it louder. You could use it to speak in a whisper to someone 17 meters away.? Bill: It all sounds so cool. I wish I could have gone with you? Judy: I know, but we can go together this weekend. I'd love to go there again!? Bill: That sounds like a great idea!
The grammar of this unit is designed to review noun clauses. Sentences that use nouns in a sentence are called noun clauses. Nominal clauses can act as subject, object, predicate, appositive and other components in compound sentences. According to the above-mentioned different grammatical functions, nominal clauses are divided into subject clause, object clause, predicate clause and appositive clause. In this unit, we will review the three kinds of nominal clauses. Appositive clauses are not required to be mastered in the optional compulsory stage, so they are not involved.1. Guide the students to judge the compound sentences and determine the composition of the clauses in the sentence.2. Instruct students to try to learn grammar by generalizing grammar rules, controlling written practice, and semi-open oral output.3. Inspire the students to systematize the function and usage of noun clause1.Instruct students to try to learn grammar by generalizing grammar rules, controlling written practice, and semi-open oral output.2.Inspire the students to systematize the function and usage of noun clauseStep1: The teacher ask studetns to find out more nominal clauses from the reading passage and udnerline the nominal clauses.
The newspaper reported more than 100 people had been killed in the thunderstorm.報(bào)紙報(bào)道說(shuō)有一百多人在暴風(fēng)雨中喪生。(2)before、when、by the time、until、after、once等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)是一般過(guò)去時(shí),以及by、before后面接過(guò)去的時(shí)間時(shí),主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句的動(dòng)作或過(guò)去的時(shí)間之前且表示被動(dòng)時(shí),要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。By the time my brother was 10, he had been sent to Italy.我弟弟10歲前就已經(jīng)被送到意大利了。Tons of rice had been produced by the end of last month. 到上月底已生產(chǎn)了好幾噸大米。(3) It was the first/second/last ... time that ...句中that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中,主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí),要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。It was the first time that I had seen the night fact to face in one and a half years. 這是我一年半以來(lái)第一次親眼目睹夜晚的景色。(4)在虛擬語(yǔ)氣中,條件句表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反,且主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí),要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。If I had been instructed by him earlier, I would have finished the task.如果我早一點(diǎn)得到他的指示,我早就完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)了。If I had hurried, I wouldn't have missed the train.如果我快點(diǎn)的話,我就不會(huì)誤了火車(chē)。If you had been at the party, you would have met him. 如果你去了晚會(huì),你就會(huì)見(jiàn)到他的。
You have no excuse for not going.你沒(méi)有理由不去。He was punished for not having finished his homework.他因未完成作業(yè)而受到懲罰。2.動(dòng)詞ing形式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)由物主代詞或人稱(chēng)代詞賓格、名詞所有格或普通格加動(dòng)詞ing,即“sb./sb.'s+doing”構(gòu)成。動(dòng)詞ing形式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)實(shí)際上是給動(dòng)詞ing形式加了一個(gè)邏輯主語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞ing形式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)有四種形式:①形容詞性物主代詞+動(dòng)詞ing②名詞所有格+動(dòng)詞ing③代詞賓格+動(dòng)詞ing④名詞+動(dòng)詞ingHer coming to help encouraged all of us.她來(lái)幫忙鼓舞了我們所有人。The baby was made awake by the door suddenly shutting.這個(gè)嬰兒被突然的關(guān)門(mén)聲吵醒了。Can you imagine him/Jack cooking at home?你能想象他/杰克在家做飯的樣子嗎?無(wú)生命名詞無(wú)論是作主語(yǔ)還是作賓語(yǔ)都不能用第②種形式。Tom's winning first prize last year impressed me a lot.湯姆去年得了一等獎(jiǎng)使我印象深刻。Do you mind my/me/Jack's/Jack leaving now?你介意我/杰克現(xiàn)在離開(kāi)嗎?Excuse me for my not coming on time.很抱歉我沒(méi)能按時(shí)來(lái)。His father's being ill made him worried.他父親病了,他很擔(dān)心。We are looking forward to the singer's/the singer to give us a concert.我們盼望著這位歌手來(lái)給我們舉辦一場(chǎng)演唱會(huì)。
本節(jié)內(nèi)容是復(fù)數(shù)的三角表示,是復(fù)數(shù)與三角函數(shù)的結(jié)合,是對(duì)復(fù)數(shù)的拓展延伸,這樣更有利于我們對(duì)復(fù)數(shù)的研究。1.數(shù)學(xué)抽象:利用復(fù)數(shù)的三角形式解決實(shí)際問(wèn)題;2.邏輯推理:通過(guò)課堂探究逐步培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的邏輯思維能力;3.數(shù)學(xué)建模:掌握復(fù)數(shù)的三角形式;4.直觀想象:利用復(fù)數(shù)三角形式解決一系列實(shí)際問(wèn)題;5.數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算:能夠正確運(yùn)用復(fù)數(shù)三角形式計(jì)算復(fù)數(shù)的乘法、除法;6.數(shù)據(jù)分析:通過(guò)經(jīng)歷提出問(wèn)題—推導(dǎo)過(guò)程—得出結(jié)論—例題講解—練習(xí)鞏固的過(guò)程,讓學(xué)生認(rèn)識(shí)到數(shù)學(xué)知識(shí)的邏輯性和嚴(yán)密性。復(fù)數(shù)的三角形式、復(fù)數(shù)三角形式乘法、除法法則及其幾何意義舊知導(dǎo)入:?jiǎn)栴}一:你還記得復(fù)數(shù)的幾何意義嗎?問(wèn)題二:我們知道,向量也可以由它的大小和方向唯一確定,那么能否借助向量的大小和方向這兩個(gè)要素來(lái)表示復(fù)數(shù)呢?如何表示?
(六)說(shuō)教學(xué)策略1.專(zhuān)題性海量的媒介信息必須加以選擇或者整合,以項(xiàng)目為依據(jù),進(jìn)行信息篩選,形成專(zhuān)題性閱讀與交流;培養(yǎng)學(xué)生對(duì)文本信息“化零為整”的能力,提升跨媒介閱讀與交流學(xué)習(xí)的充實(shí)感。2.情境化情境教學(xué)應(yīng)指向?qū)W生的應(yīng)用,建構(gòu)富有符合時(shí)代氣息的內(nèi)容,與生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)更加貼合,對(duì)學(xué)生的語(yǔ)言建構(gòu)與運(yùn)用有所提升,在情境中能夠有效地進(jìn)行交流。3.任務(wù)化以任務(wù)為導(dǎo)向的序列化學(xué)習(xí),可以為學(xué)生構(gòu)建學(xué)習(xí)路線圖、學(xué)習(xí)框架等具體任務(wù)引導(dǎo);或以跨媒介的認(rèn)識(shí)與應(yīng)用為任務(wù)的設(shè)置引導(dǎo);甚至以閱讀和交流作為序列化安排的實(shí)踐引導(dǎo)。4.整合性跨媒介閱讀與交流是結(jié)合線上線下的資源,形成新的“超媒介”,也能實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)信息進(jìn)行“深加工”,多種媒介的信息整合只為一個(gè)核心教學(xué)內(nèi)容服務(wù)。5.互文性語(yǔ)言文字是語(yǔ)文之生命,我們是立足于語(yǔ)言文字的探討,音樂(lè)、圖像、視頻等文本與傳統(tǒng)語(yǔ)言文字文本形成互文,觸發(fā)學(xué)生對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容立體化和具體化的感悟,提升學(xué)生的審美能力。
本節(jié)通過(guò)一些函數(shù)模型的實(shí)例,讓學(xué)生感受建立函數(shù)模型的過(guò)程和方法,體會(huì)函數(shù)在數(shù)學(xué)和其他學(xué)科中的廣泛應(yīng)用,進(jìn)一步認(rèn)識(shí)到函數(shù)是描述客觀世界變化規(guī)律的基本數(shù)學(xué)模型,能初步運(yùn)用函數(shù)思想解決一些生活中的簡(jiǎn)單問(wèn)題。課程目標(biāo)1.能利用已知函數(shù)模型求解實(shí)際問(wèn)題.2.能自建確定性函數(shù)模型解決實(shí)際問(wèn)題.數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)科素養(yǎng)1.數(shù)學(xué)抽象:建立函數(shù)模型,把實(shí)際應(yīng)用問(wèn)題轉(zhuǎn)化為數(shù)學(xué)問(wèn)題;2.邏輯推理:通過(guò)數(shù)據(jù)分析,確定合適的函數(shù)模型;3.數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算:解答數(shù)學(xué)問(wèn)題,求得結(jié)果;4.數(shù)據(jù)分析:把數(shù)學(xué)結(jié)果轉(zhuǎn)譯成具體問(wèn)題的結(jié)論,做出解答;5.數(shù)學(xué)建模:借助函數(shù)模型,利用函數(shù)的思想解決現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的實(shí)際問(wèn)題.重點(diǎn):利用函數(shù)模型解決實(shí)際問(wèn)題;難點(diǎn):數(shù)模型的構(gòu)造與對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)的處理.
本課是高中數(shù)學(xué)第一章第4節(jié),充要條件是中學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)中最重要的數(shù)學(xué)概念之一, 它主要討論了命題的條件與結(jié)論之間的邏輯關(guān)系,目的是為今后的數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)特別是數(shù)學(xué)推理的學(xué)習(xí)打下基礎(chǔ)。從學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的角度看,與舊教材相比,教學(xué)時(shí)間的前置,造成學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)充要條件這一概念時(shí)的知識(shí)儲(chǔ)備不夠豐富,邏輯思維能力的訓(xùn)練不夠充分,這也為教師的教學(xué)帶來(lái)一定的困難.“充要條件”這一節(jié)介紹了充分條件,必要條件和充要條件三個(gè)概念,由于這些概念比較抽象,中學(xué)生不易理解,用它們?nèi)ソ鉀Q具體問(wèn)題則更為困難,因此”充要條件”的教學(xué)成為中學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)的難點(diǎn)之一,而必要條件的定義又是本節(jié)內(nèi)容的難點(diǎn).A.正確理解充分不必要條件、必要不充分條件、充要條件的概念;B.會(huì)判斷命題的充分條件、必要條件、充要條件.C.通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí),使學(xué)生明白對(duì)條件的判定應(yīng)該歸結(jié)為判斷命題的真假.D.在觀察和思考中,在解題和證明題中,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生思維能力的嚴(yán)密性品質(zhì).
本節(jié)課是新版教材人教A版普通高中課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)實(shí)驗(yàn)教科書(shū)數(shù)學(xué)必修1第四章第4.4.1節(jié)《對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)的概念》。對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)是高中數(shù)學(xué)在指數(shù)函數(shù)之后的重要初等函數(shù)之一。對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)與指數(shù)函數(shù)聯(lián)系密切,無(wú)論是研究的思想方法方法還是圖像及性質(zhì),都有其共通之處。相較于指數(shù)函數(shù),對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)的圖象亦有其獨(dú)特的美感。學(xué)習(xí)中讓學(xué)生體會(huì)在類(lèi)比推理,感受圖像的變化,認(rèn)識(shí)變化的規(guī)律,這是提高學(xué)生直觀想象能力的一個(gè)重要的過(guò)程。為之后學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)提供了更多角度的分析方法。培養(yǎng)學(xué)生邏輯推理、數(shù)學(xué)直觀、數(shù)學(xué)抽象、和數(shù)學(xué)建模的核心素養(yǎng)。1、理解對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)的定義,會(huì)求對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)的定義域;2、了解對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)與指數(shù)函數(shù)之間的聯(lián)系,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生觀察問(wèn)題、分析問(wèn)題和歸納問(wèn)題的思維能力以及數(shù)學(xué)交流能力;滲透類(lèi)比等基本數(shù)學(xué)思想方法。3、在學(xué)習(xí)對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)過(guò)程中,使學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)認(rèn)識(shí)事物的特殊性與一般性之間的關(guān)系,培養(yǎng)數(shù)學(xué)應(yīng)用的意識(shí),感受數(shù)學(xué)、理解數(shù)學(xué)、探索數(shù)學(xué),提高學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)的興趣。
本節(jié)課選自《普通高中課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)數(shù)學(xué)教科書(shū)-必修一》(人教A版)第三章《函數(shù)的概念與性質(zhì)》,本節(jié)課是第2課時(shí),本節(jié)課主要學(xué)習(xí)函數(shù)的三種表示方法及其簡(jiǎn)單應(yīng)用,進(jìn)一步加深對(duì)函數(shù)概念的理解。課本從引進(jìn)函數(shù)概念開(kāi)始就比較注重函數(shù)的不同表示方法:解析法,圖象法,列表法.函數(shù)的不同表示方法能豐富對(duì)函數(shù)的認(rèn)識(shí),幫助理解抽象的函數(shù)概念.特別是在信息技術(shù)環(huán)境下,可以使函數(shù)在形與數(shù)兩方面的結(jié)合得到更充分的表現(xiàn),使學(xué)生通過(guò)函數(shù)的學(xué)習(xí)更好地體會(huì)數(shù)形結(jié)合這種重要的數(shù)學(xué)思想方法.因此,在研究函數(shù)時(shí),要充分發(fā)揮圖象的直觀作用.課程目標(biāo) 學(xué)科素養(yǎng)A.在實(shí)際情景中,會(huì)根據(jù)不同的需要選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)姆椒ǎń馕鍪椒?、圖象法、列表法)表示函數(shù);B.了解簡(jiǎn)單的分段函數(shù),并能簡(jiǎn)單地應(yīng)用;1.數(shù)學(xué)抽象:函數(shù)解析法及能由條件求函數(shù)的解析式;2.邏輯推理:求函數(shù)的解析式;
課本從引進(jìn)函數(shù)概念開(kāi)始就比較注重函數(shù)的不同表示方法:解析法,圖象法,列表法.函數(shù)的不同表示方法能豐富對(duì)函數(shù)的認(rèn)識(shí),幫助理解抽象的函數(shù)概念.特別是在信息技術(shù)環(huán)境下,可以使函數(shù)在形與數(shù)兩方面的結(jié)合得到更充分的表現(xiàn),使學(xué)生通過(guò)函數(shù)的學(xué)習(xí)更好地體會(huì)數(shù)形結(jié)合這種重要的數(shù)學(xué)思想方法.因此,在研究函數(shù)時(shí),要充分發(fā)揮圖象的直觀作用.在研究圖象時(shí),又要注意代數(shù)刻畫(huà)以求思考和表述的精確性.課本將映射作為函數(shù)的一種推廣,這與傳統(tǒng)的處理方式有了邏輯順序上的變化.這樣處理,主要是想較好地銜接初中的學(xué)習(xí),讓學(xué)生將更多的精力集中理解函數(shù)的概念,同時(shí),也體現(xiàn)了從特殊到一般的思維過(guò)程.課程目標(biāo)1、明確函數(shù)的三種表示方法;2、在實(shí)際情境中,會(huì)根據(jù)不同的需要選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)姆椒ū硎竞瘮?shù);3、通過(guò)具體實(shí)例,了解簡(jiǎn)單的分段函數(shù),并能簡(jiǎn)單應(yīng)用.
客觀世界中的各種各樣的運(yùn)動(dòng)變化現(xiàn)象均可表現(xiàn)為變量間的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系,這種關(guān)系常??捎煤瘮?shù)模型來(lái)描述,并且通過(guò)研究函數(shù)模型就可以把我相應(yīng)的運(yùn)動(dòng)變化規(guī)律.課程目標(biāo)1、能夠找出簡(jiǎn)單實(shí)際問(wèn)題中的函數(shù)關(guān)系式,初步體會(huì)應(yīng)用一次函數(shù)、二次函數(shù)、冪函數(shù)、分段函數(shù)模型解決實(shí)際問(wèn)題; 2、感受運(yùn)用函數(shù)概念建立模型的過(guò)程和方法,體會(huì)一次函數(shù)、二次函數(shù)、冪函數(shù)、分段函數(shù)模型在數(shù)學(xué)和其他學(xué)科中的重要性. 數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)科素養(yǎng)1.數(shù)學(xué)抽象:總結(jié)函數(shù)模型; 2.邏輯推理:找出簡(jiǎn)單實(shí)際問(wèn)題中的函數(shù)關(guān)系式,根據(jù)題干信息寫(xiě)出分段函數(shù); 3.數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算:結(jié)合函數(shù)圖象或其單調(diào)性來(lái)求最值. ; 4.數(shù)據(jù)分析:二次函數(shù)通過(guò)對(duì)稱(chēng)軸和定義域區(qū)間求最優(yōu)問(wèn)題; 5.數(shù)學(xué)建模:在具體問(wèn)題情境中,運(yùn)用數(shù)形結(jié)合思想,將自然語(yǔ)言用數(shù)學(xué)表達(dá)式表示出來(lái)。 重點(diǎn):運(yùn)用一次函數(shù)、二次函數(shù)、冪函數(shù)、分段函數(shù)模型的處理實(shí)際問(wèn)題;難點(diǎn):運(yùn)用函數(shù)思想理解和處理現(xiàn)實(shí)生活和社會(huì)中的簡(jiǎn)單問(wèn)題.
本章通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)用二分法求方程近似解的的方法,使學(xué)生體會(huì)函數(shù)與方程之間的關(guān)系,通過(guò)一些函數(shù)模型的實(shí)例,讓學(xué)生感受建立函數(shù)模型的過(guò)程和方法,體會(huì)函數(shù)在數(shù)學(xué)和其他學(xué)科中的廣泛應(yīng)用,進(jìn)一步認(rèn)識(shí)到函數(shù)是描述客觀世界變化規(guī)律的基本數(shù)學(xué)模型,能初步運(yùn)用函數(shù)思想解決一些生活中的簡(jiǎn)單問(wèn)題。1.了解函數(shù)的零點(diǎn)、方程的根與圖象交點(diǎn)三者之間的聯(lián)系.2.會(huì)借助零點(diǎn)存在性定理判斷函數(shù)的零點(diǎn)所在的大致區(qū)間.3.能借助函數(shù)單調(diào)性及圖象判斷零點(diǎn)個(gè)數(shù).?dāng)?shù)學(xué)學(xué)科素養(yǎng)1.數(shù)學(xué)抽象:函數(shù)零點(diǎn)的概念;2.邏輯推理:借助圖像判斷零點(diǎn)個(gè)數(shù);3.數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算:求函數(shù)零點(diǎn)或零點(diǎn)所在區(qū)間;4.數(shù)學(xué)建模:通過(guò)由抽象到具體,由具體到一般的思想總結(jié)函數(shù)零點(diǎn)概念.重點(diǎn):零點(diǎn)的概念,及零點(diǎn)與方程根的聯(lián)系;難點(diǎn):零點(diǎn)的概念的形成.
本節(jié)是新人教A版高中數(shù)學(xué)必修1第1章第1節(jié)第3部分的內(nèi)容。在此之前,學(xué)生已學(xué)習(xí)了集合的含義以及集合與集合之間的基本關(guān)系,這為學(xué)習(xí)本節(jié)內(nèi)容打下了基礎(chǔ)。本節(jié)內(nèi)容主要介紹集合的基本運(yùn)算一并集、交集、補(bǔ)集。是對(duì)集合基木知識(shí)的深入研究。在此,通過(guò)適當(dāng)?shù)膯?wèn)題情境,使學(xué)生感受、認(rèn)識(shí)并掌握集合的三種基本運(yùn)算。本節(jié)內(nèi)容是函數(shù)、方程、不等式的基礎(chǔ),在教材中起著承上啟下的作用。本節(jié)內(nèi)容是高中數(shù)學(xué)的主要內(nèi)容,也是高考的對(duì)象,在實(shí)踐中應(yīng)用廣泛,是高中學(xué)生必須掌握的重點(diǎn)。A.理解兩個(gè)集合的并集與交集的含義,會(huì)求簡(jiǎn)單集合的交、并運(yùn)算;B.理解補(bǔ)集的含義,會(huì)求給定子集的補(bǔ)集;C.能使用 圖表示集合的關(guān)系及運(yùn)算。 1.數(shù)學(xué)抽象:集合交集、并集、補(bǔ)集的含義;2.數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算:集合的運(yùn)算;3.直觀想象:用 圖、數(shù)軸表示集合的關(guān)系及運(yùn)算。
第一節(jié)通過(guò)研究集合中元素的特點(diǎn)研究了元素與集合之間的關(guān)系及集合的表示方法,而本節(jié)重點(diǎn)通過(guò)研究元素得到兩個(gè)集合之間的關(guān)系,尤其學(xué)生學(xué)完兩個(gè)集合之間的關(guān)系后,一定讓學(xué)生明確元素與集合、集合與集合之間的區(qū)別。課程目標(biāo)1. 了解集合之間包含與相等的含義,能識(shí)別給定集合的子集.2. 理解子集.真子集的概念. 3. 能使用 圖表達(dá)集合間的關(guān)系,體會(huì)直觀圖示對(duì)理解抽象概念的作用。數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)科素養(yǎng)1.數(shù)學(xué)抽象:子集和空集含義的理解;2.邏輯推理:子集、真子集、空集之間的聯(lián)系與區(qū)別;3.數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算:由集合間的關(guān)系求參數(shù)的范圍,常見(jiàn)包含一元二次方程及其不等式和不等式組;4.數(shù)據(jù)分析:通過(guò)集合關(guān)系列不等式組, 此過(guò)程中重點(diǎn)關(guān)注端點(diǎn)是否含“=”及 問(wèn)題;5.數(shù)學(xué)建模:用集合思想對(duì)實(shí)際生活中的對(duì)象進(jìn)行判斷與歸類(lèi)。
新知講授(一)——古典概型 對(duì)隨機(jī)事件發(fā)生可能性大小的度量(數(shù)值)稱(chēng)為事件的概率。我們將具有以上兩個(gè)特征的試驗(yàn)稱(chēng)為古典概型試驗(yàn),其數(shù)學(xué)模型稱(chēng)為古典概率模型,簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)古典概型。即具有以下兩個(gè)特征:1、有限性:樣本空間的樣本點(diǎn)只有有限個(gè);2、等可能性:每個(gè)樣本點(diǎn)發(fā)生的可能性相等。思考一:下面的隨機(jī)試驗(yàn)是不是古典概型?(1)一個(gè)班級(jí)中有18名男生、22名女生。采用抽簽的方式,從中隨機(jī)選擇一名學(xué)生,事件A=“抽到男生”(2)拋擲一枚質(zhì)地均勻的硬幣3次,事件B=“恰好一次正面朝上”(1)班級(jí)中共有40名學(xué)生,從中選擇一名學(xué)生,即樣本點(diǎn)是有限個(gè);因?yàn)槭请S機(jī)選取的,所以選到每個(gè)學(xué)生的可能性都相等,因此這是一個(gè)古典概型。