The topic of this part is “Describe a place with distinctive cultural identity”.This section focuses on Chinese culture by introducing Chinatown, whose purpose is to show the relationship between the Chinese culture and American culture. The Chinese culture in Chinatown is an important part of American culture. Chinatown is an important window of spreading Chinese culture and the spirit homeland of oversea Chinese, where foreigners can experience Chinese culture by themselves.Concretely, the title is “Welcome to Chinatown!”, from which we can know that the article aims at introducing Chinatown. The author used the “Introduction--Body Paragraph--Conclusion” to describe the people, language, architecture, business, famous food and drinks and people’s activities, which can be a centre for Chinese culture and shows its unique charm.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information.2. Learn the characteristics of writing and language.3. Learn to introduce your own town according to the text.4. Learn to correct others’ writing.1. Learn the characteristics of writing and language.2. Learn to introduce your own town according to the text.Step 1 Lead in ---Small talkIn the reading part, we mentioned the Chinatown of San Francisco. How much do you know about Chinatown of San Francisco ?Chinatown is a main living place for Chinese immigrants, where you can see many Chinese-style buildings, costumes, operas, restaurants, music and even hear Chinese.Step 2 Before reading ---Predict the contentWhat is the writer’s purpose of writing this text ? How do you know ?From the title(Welcome to Chinatown) and some key words from the text(tourist, visit, visitors, experience), we can know the purpose of the text is to introduce Chinatown and show the relationship between Chinese culture and American culture.
1. In Picture 1 and Picture 2, where do you think they are from? How do you know?From their wearings, we can know they are from ethnic minority of China--- Miao and Dong.Picture 1, they are playing their traditional instrument lusheng in their traditional costumes.Picture 2. the girls are Miao because they wear their traditional costumes and silver accessory.2. In Picture 3, can you find which village it is? What time is it in the picture?It is Dong village. It is at night. Step 2 While-listeningJustin met a new friend while traveling in Guizhou. Listen to their conversation and complete the summaries below.Part 1Justin and Wu Yue watched some Miao people play the lusheng. The instrument has a history of over 3,000 years and it is even mentioned in the oldest collection of Chinese poetry. Then they watched the lusheng dance. Justin wanted to buy some hand-made silver/traditional accessories as souvenirs. He was told that the price will depend on the percentage of silver. Part 2They will go to a pretty Dong minority village called Zhaoxing. they will see the drum towers and the wind and rain bridges. They may also see a performance of the Grand Song of the Dong people.Step 3 Post-listening---TalkingWork in groups. Imagine Justin is telling some friends about his trip to Guizhou. One of you is Justin and the rest of you are his friends. Ask Justin questions about his trip and experience. The following expressions may help you.
4. A:We’d like to have someone to say a word at the beginning to welcome the group.B:↙Who?A:We thought that you or Dr.Johnson might do it.B用降調(diào)說(shuō)Who,其意思是問(wèn),對(duì)方想讓誰(shuí)在開(kāi)場(chǎng)時(shí)致歡迎詞。Step 6 Pronunciation---Practice1. Listen to the short conversation and mark the intonation with ↗, ↙ or ↙, ↗. Then discuss with a partner what they intend to convey by using different intonation.Owner: You know what ?↗ It’s a million-pound bank note↙.Waiter 1: Really ?↗(question)Waiter 2: Really !↙(unbelievable and surprised)Waiter 3: Really ?!↙↗(first question then surprised)2. Listen to the conversations. Underline the parts that are stressed and mark the intonation. Then talk about the implied meanings of the responses with different intonations. Listen again and repeat.1) Henry: It’s a nice suit.Owner: Oh, it’s perfect!↙(The intonation means it is very suitable for Henry.)2) Henry: Well, that’s very kind of you.Owner: Kind, sir ?↗(what you said is not right) No, it’s kind of you. You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like. Just having you sit here is a great honour !!↙(welcome you to come again)3)Henry:Well, to be honest, I have none. Oliver:(happily) What luck!(excited) Brother↗, what luck!↙(It means “Didn’t you hear it?”)Henry: Well, it may seem lucky to you but not to me!↗(angry) If this is your idea of some kind of joke, I don’t think it’s very funny. Now if you’ll excuse me, I ought to be on my way.↙(If so, I would leave.)Roderick: Please don’t go↙...(hope Henry can wait for a moment)Part B Viewing and Talking---Describe people’s changing attitudes in a film clipStep 1 Before-listening---Tell the filmYou are going to watch part of the film The Million Pound Bank Note. Look at these photos and guess what happens in the film.
Step 4: Listen again and decide if the following statements are true (T) or false (F).1 It was the first time Chen Liyan's story was reported. T口 F口2 Chen found 10,000 yuan in a small plastic bag in Taiyuan railway station口 F口3 Wang Zheng apologized to Chen because he couldn't offer her more money. T口 F口4 Chen took out a large loan to cure her daughter, T口 F口5 Wang set up a fundraising website for Chen's daughter after Chen told him about her situation. T口 F口Step 5:After listening, discuss the questions.1 What kind of person do you think Chen Liyan is?Chen Liyan is generous and honest because she returned a large sum of money to the owner.2 Did Chen return the money because she didn't need it?No. She returned the money because it was the right thing to do. Evidence for this is that she refused to accept the reward money because she felt that it had not been earned. 3 Is it common for people to do what Chen did?It depends on the culture. In some countries it is quite common to return money that has been found. In other countries, people believe "Finders are keepers!" 4 How did Wang Zheng feel about the return of his money?He must have been very happy and relieved to have gotten his money back. We know this because he thanked Chen repeatedly and even offered her a reward.5 Why did Ma Dongbao tell Wang about Chen's family?He must have had great sympathy for Chen and her daughter and wanted to help them.'We know this because he arranged help for them. 6 How did the news reporter feel about Chen's actions?The news reporter felt that it showed that money wasn't the most important thing in life. We know this because the reporter told us that this is what Chen believes. and then said, “that's a great attitude to take."
? Could you offer me some kind of work here?? I don’t want your charity, I just want an honest job.? Careless: I landed in Britain by accident.Step 7:Consolidation.? Find Henry? Roderick and Oliver were I .making a bet when they saw Henry, a poor young man. ? Know Henry? About a month ago, Henry was sailing and later he found himself carried out to sea by a strong wind. Fortunately, he 2.was spotted by a ship. And it was the ship that brought him to 3.England? Offer money to Henry ? Oliver and Roderick gave Henry a letter and told him that there was money in it. They 4.persuaded him to accept it, and made him 5.promise that it wouldn't be opened until 2 o'clock.Step 8:Language pointsa large amount of: a large quantity of; a great deal ofe.g. They bought a large amount of furniture before they moved their new house.make a bet: make an arrangement to risk money, etc. on an event of which the result is doubtful.e.g. We made a bet on the result of the match.permit sb to do something: allow somebody to do somethinge.g. My mother doesn’t permit me to ride in the street after it rained.by accident: as a result of chancee.g. I only found it by accident.stare at: look at somebody or something with the eyes wide open in a fixed gaze( in astonishment, wonder, fear, etc)to be honest: to tell you the truth; to be franke.g. To be honest, I don’t think we have a chance of winning.Step7 Homework:What do you think will happen to Henry? Will the bank-note help him or get him into trouble?
Everybody wants to get wealth.In today’s material world,making money or becoming wealthy symbolizes a person’s success and capability. Many people just make every effort, pay any price to attain greater wealth. With money,they can buy nice, large apartments in nice neighborhood. With money they can own luxurious cars. Wealth seems to bring all happiness in life.But is wealth the only road to happiness? Not really. There are many things in the world, which are beyond the means of money, such as friendship, love, health and knowledge. People are so preoccupied with struggling for money that they have no time or would not take the time to form or maintain friendship. What happiness can they feel living as lonely miserable creatures without love or friends in the world even if they accumulate tremendous wealth?In my opinion, people can’t do anything without money, but money is not everything. What money will bring you depends on your personal belief and goal in life. If you are kind enough to help others, especially the poor, money is a good thing to you. With it, you can do much more for the benefit of people and your country, and it will add to your own happiness. If you want money just for your own needs, you’ll never be satisfied or happy. In a word,you should have money spent for more people. Only then can money be the source of your happiness.Step 8 Homework4 students in a group, one acts Roderick, one Oliver, one servant and the fourth one acts Henry Adams, then listen to the tape, pay more attention to the difference between American English and British English in pronunciation, stress, tone.
2. 您能看到, 我頭發(fā)太長(zhǎng)了。You can see that my hair is much too long.3. 無(wú)論什么時(shí)候, 只要您想回來(lái)就回來(lái)。Please come back whenever you want.4. 您僅有很少的頭發(fā)要理! You only have too little hair to cut !5. 為您服務(wù)是我的榮幸!It is my honour to serve you!Step 9 Writing(Henry is walking down the street when he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to have it cut. )H=Henry B=BarberH: Good afternoon, I’d like to have my hair cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry’s hair and continues cutting another man’s hair. ) Er, I’d really like a haircut. As you can see it’s much too long. B: (in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H: Fine, well, I’ll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber’s chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B: It’s quite expensive here, you know! Are you sure you can afford it?H: Yes. I think so. (After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B: Why Mr. . . (looks shocked)H: Adams. Henry Adams. I’m sorry. I don’t have any change. B: Please don’t worry! (wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about! Nothing at all! Please come back whenever you want, even if you only have too little hair to cut! It will be my honour to serve you!Step 10 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1. Are all the elements of a play included and in good order ?2. Do the character use suitable language ?3. Are the stage directions clear and useful ?4. Is the plot clear and exciting enough ?
【參考范文】Narrator:(Henry is smiling as he leaves the restaurant. As he is walking down the street, he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to get it cut. )H=Henry;B=Barber;R=rude manH:Good afternoon, I'd like to get a cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry's hair and continues cutting another man's hair. )Er, I'd really like a haircut. As you can see it's much too long. B:(in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H:Fine, well I'll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber's chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B:It's quite expensive here, you know!Are you sure you can afford it?H:Yes. I think so. (In comes the rude man. )R:Hey you there. I need a haircut quickly. Can you do me straightaway?B:All right, then, get in the chair and I'll see what I can do. R:Thank you. (sits down in one of the barber's chairs)H:Excuse me, but I was here first. Aren't you going to do my hair first?B:This man's in a hurry. H:Well so am I!I insist that you cut my hair first. B:OK, but I'll have to be quick. This gentleman is waiting. H:Thank you. (They both become quiet. After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B:Why, Mr . . . (looks shocked)H:Adams. Henry Adams. I'm sorry, I don't have any change. R:You're that Mr Adams! Well,I'm glad I waited or I might never have known it was you. B:Why, Mr Adams, please don't worry!(wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about!Nothing at all!Please come back any time, even if you only need too little hairs cut!It will be my honour to serve you!
Discuss these questions in groups.Q1: Have you ever been to a place that has a diverse culture ? What do you think about the culture diversity ?One culturally diverse place that I have been to is Harbin, the capital city of Heilongjiang Province. I went there last year with my family to see the Ice and Snow Festival, and I was amazed at how the culture as different to most other Chinese cities. There is a big Russian influence there, with beautiful Russian architecture and lots of interesting restaurants. I learnt that Harbin is called “the Oriental Moscow” and that many Russians settled there to help build the railway over 100 years ago.Q2: What are the benefits and challenges of cultural diversity ?The benefits: People are able to experience a wide variety of cultures, making their lives more interesting, and it can deepen the feelings for our national culture, it is also helpful for us to learn about other outstanding culture, which helps improve the ability to respect others. The challenges: People may have trouble communicating or understanding each other, and it may lead to disappearance of some civilizations and even make some people think “The western moon is rounder than his own.”Step 7 Post reading---RetellComplete the passage according to the text.Today, I arrived back in San Francisco, and it feels good (1) _____(be) back in the city again. The city succeeded in (2)_________ (rebuild) itself after the earthquake that (3)________ (occur) in 1906, and I stayed in the Mission District, enjoying some delicious noodles mixed with cultures. In the afternoon, I headed to a local museum (4)____ showed the historical changes in California. During the gold rush, many Chinese arrived, and some opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown to earn a (5)_____ (live). Many others worked on (6)______ (farm), joined the gold rush, or went to build the railway that connected California to the east. The museum showed us (7)____ America was built by immigrants from (8)________ (difference) countries and cultures. In the evening, I went to Chinatown, and ate in a Cantonese restaurant that served food on (9)________(beauty) china plates. Tomorrow evening, I’m going to (10)__ jazz bar in the Richmond District. 答案:1. to be 2. rebuilding 3. occurred 4. that 5.living6. farms 7.how 8. different 9. beautiful 10. a
Step 3 Meaning1. 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間來(lái)看將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài), 常用在賓語(yǔ)從句中。一般由“would/should +動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成。She hoped that they would meet again someday. 她希望將來(lái)有一天他們能再見(jiàn)面。2. was/were going to+動(dòng)詞原形: 表示過(guò)去將要發(fā)生或很有可能發(fā)生的動(dòng)作, 常用于口語(yǔ)中, 表示預(yù)言、意圖或者打算等。He was going to start work the following week. 他打算下星期開(kāi)始工作。3. was/were about to do: 常用來(lái)表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作, “剛要/正要做……”。注意該結(jié)構(gòu)不與任何時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。I felt that something terrible was about to happen. 我感到某種可怕的事情即將發(fā)生。4.was/were to do: 表示“曾計(jì)劃做某事”, 如果表示“本來(lái)計(jì)劃做某事, 動(dòng)作沒(méi)實(shí)現(xiàn)”, 則需用 “was/were to have done”。She said she was to have told me about the accident. 她說(shuō)她本來(lái)想告訴我關(guān)于事故的事。5.Start, go, come, leave, see, meet等動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí): 表示就過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻而言即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。She was coming later. 她隨后就來(lái)。I had just put on my overcoat and was leaving to visit a friend of mine. 我剛穿上外套要去看我的一個(gè)朋友。
5.循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)當(dāng)前,發(fā)展循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)和知識(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)已成為國(guó)際社會(huì)的兩大趨勢(shì),有的發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家甚至以立法的方式加以推進(jìn)。循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)本質(zhì)上是一種生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì),它要求運(yùn)用生態(tài)學(xué)規(guī)律而不是機(jī)械的規(guī)律來(lái)指導(dǎo)人類社會(huì)的經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng),減量化、再利用和資源化是其三大原則。傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)濟(jì)是一種“資源——產(chǎn)品——污染排放”單向流動(dòng)的線性經(jīng)濟(jì),特征是高開(kāi)采、低利用、高排放;與之不同,循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)倡導(dǎo)的是一種與環(huán)境和諧的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展模式,它要求把經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)組織成一個(gè)“資源——產(chǎn)品——再生資源”的反饋式流程,特征是低開(kāi)采、高利用、低排放。目前,我國(guó)已經(jīng)把發(fā)展循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)作為編制“十一五”規(guī)劃的重要指導(dǎo)原則。6.當(dāng)心被優(yōu)勢(shì)“絆倒”有三個(gè)旅行者同時(shí)住進(jìn)一家旅店,早上同時(shí)出門旅游。晚上歸來(lái)時(shí),拿傘的人淋得渾身是水,拿拐杖的人跌得滿身是傷,而什么也沒(méi)有帶的人卻安然無(wú)恙。
一、教材分析 《真正的哲學(xué)都是自己時(shí)代精神上的精華》是人教版高中政治必修四第3章第1框的教學(xué)內(nèi)容,主要學(xué)習(xí)哲學(xué)與時(shí)代的關(guān)系。二、教學(xué)目標(biāo)1.知識(shí)目標(biāo):識(shí)記哲學(xué)是時(shí)代的精神上的精華;理解哲學(xué)與時(shí)代的關(guān)系。2.能力目標(biāo):培養(yǎng)學(xué)生運(yùn)用哲學(xué)理論觀察、分析、處理社會(huì)問(wèn)題的能力,增強(qiáng)學(xué)生的時(shí)代感。3.情感、態(tài)度和價(jià)值觀目標(biāo):培養(yǎng)學(xué)生與時(shí)俱進(jìn)的思想品質(zhì),讓學(xué)生關(guān)注時(shí)代、關(guān)注現(xiàn)實(shí)、關(guān)注生活,逐步樹(shù)立科學(xué)的世界觀、人生觀、價(jià)值觀 。三、教學(xué)重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)哲學(xué)與時(shí)代的關(guān)系。四、學(xué)情分析本框題的內(nèi)容比較抽象,不易理解,所以講解時(shí)需要詳細(xì)。教師指導(dǎo)學(xué)生借助歷史知識(shí)進(jìn)行理解。五、教學(xué)方法1.教師啟發(fā)、引導(dǎo),學(xué)生自主閱讀、思考,討論、交流學(xué)習(xí)成果。2.學(xué)案導(dǎo)學(xué):見(jiàn)后面的學(xué)案。3.新授課教學(xué)基本環(huán)節(jié):預(yù)習(xí)檢查、總結(jié)疑惑→情境導(dǎo)入、展示目標(biāo)→合作探究、精講點(diǎn)撥→反思總結(jié)、當(dāng)堂檢測(cè)→發(fā)導(dǎo)學(xué)案、布置預(yù)習(xí)
指導(dǎo)寫字 覺(jué):“學(xué)”下面的的“子”換成“見(jiàn)”?! ∫梗旱谒墓P是“豎”,不要寫成“豎鉤”。注意指導(dǎo)筆順,提示不要漏寫第七筆“點(diǎn)”??膳c熟字“衣”比較字形的異同?! ∮辏悍路鸶舸坝^雨。里面左右各兩點(diǎn),上下排列,像檐下滴水。 聲:上面是“士”,不是“土”。下面的最后一筆是“丿”,不是“豎彎鉤”,不能寫成“巴”?! ≈鹤筮吺前选拔纭钡摹柏Q”改撇,再加一點(diǎn)。右邊是“口”表示知道了要用口說(shuō)出來(lái)。 少:上面與“小”不同,第一筆是豎,沒(méi)有鉤。
1、對(duì)春聯(lián)產(chǎn)生興趣,樂(lè)于交流自己的發(fā)現(xiàn)?! ?、大膽探索并發(fā)現(xiàn)春聯(lián)的特征和種類,體驗(yàn)張貼春聯(lián)的的樂(lè)趣?! ?、初步了解春聯(lián)的演變?! 净顒?dòng)準(zhǔn)備】 物質(zhì)準(zhǔn)備: 1、春節(jié)里幼兒與家長(zhǎng)一起貼春聯(lián)的照片?! ?、紅紙、毛筆、硯臺(tái)等?! 〗?jīng)驗(yàn)準(zhǔn)備: 1、幼兒有貼春聯(lián)的經(jīng)驗(yàn) 2、了解春聯(lián)的由來(lái)和傳說(shuō)?! ?、聯(lián)系會(huì)寫春聯(lián)的家長(zhǎng)助教
這篇文章的語(yǔ)言既有說(shuō)明文語(yǔ)言準(zhǔn)確、嚴(yán)密的特點(diǎn),又有新聞特寫鮮明、生動(dòng)的特點(diǎn),請(qǐng)和大家分享你最喜歡的語(yǔ)句,并說(shuō)明理由。(學(xué)生發(fā)言)1.準(zhǔn)確、嚴(yán)密示例:據(jù)地質(zhì)學(xué)家化驗(yàn)證明,這些浮雕至少能耐800年到1000年之久。明確:“據(jù)地質(zhì)學(xué)家化驗(yàn)證明”交代數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)源;“至少”對(duì)時(shí)間進(jìn)行限定。2.鮮明、生動(dòng)示例一:深夜,起義的新軍和市民,摧毀了湖廣總督府門前的大炮,正向總督府里沖去??偠礁畠?nèi)熊熊的火焰冒向天空;總督府的牌子,被打斷在階前;撕碎了的清朝的龍旗,被踐踏在地上。明確:“摧毀”“沖去”“冒”“打斷”“撕碎”“踐踏”一系列動(dòng)詞,準(zhǔn)確生動(dòng)地表現(xiàn)了起義者大無(wú)畏的革命氣概,也揭示了清朝腐朽的本質(zhì)。示例二:一群男女青年學(xué)生,舉著“廢除賣國(guó)密約”的旗幟,慷慨激昂地來(lái)到天安門前。梳著髻子、系著長(zhǎng)裙的女學(xué)生,在向市民們散發(fā)傳單。人群高處,一個(gè)男學(xué)生正在向圍著他的群眾演說(shuō)。憤激的青年演說(shuō)者,怒形于色的人群,使整個(gè)浮雕充滿了痛恨賣國(guó)賊、激動(dòng)人心的氣氛。
3.作者是如何表達(dá)出自己的觀點(diǎn)的?明確:作者首先以瑰麗的語(yǔ)言盛贊圓明園在人類文明中的地位,其后,又以比喻及反諷的修辭,將英法聯(lián)軍劫掠圓明園的罪行揭露而出,兩者形成鮮明的對(duì)比,從而引出譴責(zé)英法聯(lián)軍遠(yuǎn)征中國(guó)行為的觀點(diǎn)。目標(biāo)導(dǎo)學(xué)三:了解作者心中的圓明園及英法聯(lián)軍的強(qiáng)盜行徑1.作者是如何描述他心目中的圓明園的?明確:圓明園是幻想的某種規(guī)模巨大的典范,一座言語(yǔ)無(wú)法形容的建筑,某種恍若月宮的建筑。作者用大理石,玉石,青銅,瓷器,雪松,寶石,綢緞,神殿,后宮,城樓,神像,異獸,琉璃,琺瑯,黃金,脂粉,一座座花園,一方方水池,一眼眼噴泉,成群的天鵝、朱鷺和孔雀等無(wú)數(shù)華貴的象征,鋪就了一張華貴的想象畫(huà)面,構(gòu)成他心中的圓明園。正如他所說(shuō)“總而言之,請(qǐng)你假設(shè)人類幻想的某種令人眼花繚亂的洞府,其外觀是神廟,是宮殿,那就是這座園林”。
三、堅(jiān)持人民民主專政教師活動(dòng):請(qǐng)同學(xué)們閱讀教材P7頁(yè),思考下列問(wèn)題:為什么要堅(jiān)持人民民主專政?現(xiàn)階段如何堅(jiān)持人民民主專政?學(xué)生活動(dòng):閱讀課本,找出問(wèn)題。1、堅(jiān)持人民民主專政的重要性(1)堅(jiān)持人民民主專政是四項(xiàng)基本原則之一,是我國(guó)的立國(guó)之本。(2)堅(jiān)持人民民主專政是現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的政治保證。堅(jiān)持人民民主,才能調(diào)動(dòng)人民現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的積極性;堅(jiān)持對(duì)敵對(duì)勢(shì)力的專政,才能保障人民民主,維護(hù)國(guó)家安定。2、堅(jiān)持人民民主專政的新的時(shí)代內(nèi)容突出經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)服務(wù)職能;為改革開(kāi)放和現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)創(chuàng)造良好國(guó)內(nèi)外環(huán)境;重視法制建設(shè),依法治國(guó);發(fā)展人民民主,加強(qiáng)民主制度建設(shè)。(三)課堂總結(jié)、點(diǎn)評(píng)本節(jié)內(nèi)容講述了我國(guó)的國(guó)家性質(zhì)的有關(guān)知識(shí),懂得我國(guó)是人民民主專政的社會(huì)主義國(guó)家,其本質(zhì)是人民當(dāng)家作主,我國(guó)的人民民主具有廣泛性和真實(shí)性,是真正的大多數(shù)人的統(tǒng)治,必須堅(jiān)持人民民主專政。
4、民主和專政(1)民主,是指在范圍內(nèi),按照和來(lái)共同管理國(guó)家事務(wù)的國(guó)家制度。民主具有鮮明的,民主總是屬于。世界上從來(lái)沒(méi)有的民主。(2)專政,即主要依靠實(shí)行的統(tǒng)治。(3)民主制國(guó)家是民主和專政的辯證統(tǒng)一(對(duì)立統(tǒng)一)①民主和專政相互區(qū)別、相互對(duì)立,民主只適用于,專政則適用于。②民主與專政是相輔相成、互為前提。民主是專政的,專政是民主的。(4)人民民主專政也是民主與專政的辯證統(tǒng)一。三、必須堅(jiān)持人民民主專政(1)堅(jiān)持人民民主專政的必然性(原因)第一、堅(jiān)持人民民主專政是之一,四項(xiàng)基本原則是我國(guó)的,是我國(guó)國(guó)家生存發(fā)展的。第二、堅(jiān)持人民民主專政是社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的。①只有充分發(fā)揚(yáng)社會(huì)主義民主,確保的地位,保證人民,尊重和保障,才能。②只有堅(jiān)持國(guó)家的專政職能,打擊,才能保障,維護(hù)。(2)堅(jiān)持人民民主專政的新的要求:
2、確立教育優(yōu)先發(fā)展地位,提出“科教興國(guó)”戰(zhàn)略:①提出“三個(gè)面向”指導(dǎo)方針;(即教育要面向現(xiàn)代化,面向世界,面向未來(lái))1983年,當(dāng)我們國(guó)家的改革開(kāi)放處在起步階段時(shí),鄧小平同志以歷史的眼光,從戰(zhàn)略的高度,為北京景山學(xué)校題詞:“教育要面向現(xiàn)代化,面向世界,面向未來(lái)。”二十多年來(lái),這“三個(gè)面向”的題詞所蘊(yùn)含的深刻的教育理念,已經(jīng)成為中國(guó)教育改革與發(fā)展的指針,“三個(gè)面向”的思想,已經(jīng)深入人心;成為我們教育改革的旗幟和靈魂。②改革教育制度,基礎(chǔ)、中等和高等教育全面發(fā)展;基礎(chǔ)教育——普及九年義務(wù)教育,制定《義務(wù)教育法》(2006年)中等教育——實(shí)行普通教育與職業(yè)教育并舉;高等教育——增設(shè)邊緣學(xué)科,建立學(xué)位制,擴(kuò)大自主權(quán)③實(shí)施發(fā)展高等教育的“211工程”計(jì)劃;211工程"就是面向21世紀(jì),重點(diǎn)建設(shè)100所左右的高等學(xué)校和一批重點(diǎn)學(xué)科點(diǎn)。
經(jīng)濟(jì)因素對(duì)人口遷移是主要的,經(jīng)常起作用的因素,是人口遷移的基本動(dòng)因。通常情況下,經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平的差異決定著人們遷移的方向,人們遷移是為了追求更好的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)和更高的經(jīng)濟(jì)收入。經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平高的地區(qū)往往成為人口遷入地,人口的遷移量取決于遷入地對(duì)勞動(dòng)力的需求狀況和遷出地人口相對(duì)過(guò)剩的狀況。師:20世紀(jì)80年代深圳、珠海等地設(shè)立了經(jīng)濟(jì)特區(qū)’吸I了大量的人口遷入。這又說(shuō)明了什么問(wèn)題? (生回答,師總結(jié))從宏觀上看,經(jīng)濟(jì)布局也會(huì)造成大量的人口遷移。說(shuō)明經(jīng)濟(jì)越發(fā)達(dá),對(duì)人口的吸引力(即拉力)越大。經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平、規(guī)模和速度決定著人口遷移的流向、流量和流速。師:交通和通訊又如何影響著人口的遷移呢?生:交通和通訊的發(fā)展,縮小了地區(qū)之間的距離,促進(jìn)了人口遷移。