在學(xué)生明確了稅收的含義之后,我將分別對稅收的三個基本特征進(jìn)行解析。在講解了之后,并分別用實例對其進(jìn)行說明,加深學(xué)生對知識點的印象。最重要的是,總結(jié)出關(guān)鍵的字眼,使得學(xué)生能夠清晰的區(qū)分出稅收的三個基本特征。將強(qiáng)制性概括為依法征稅、依法納稅;無償性概括為不具有償還性和返還型;固定性概括為規(guī)定應(yīng)不應(yīng)納稅、納什么稅、納多少稅。并跟學(xué)生指出,強(qiáng)制性是基本前提,無償性是核心。由此根據(jù)書上的內(nèi)容,推導(dǎo)出稅收的三個基本特征相互之間的關(guān)系,即:三者缺一不可,統(tǒng)一于稅法。而且,無償性要求強(qiáng)制性,強(qiáng)制性保障無償性;而無償性與強(qiáng)制性又共同決定固定性。從而結(jié)束新課講授。3、課堂總結(jié)根據(jù)板書內(nèi)容重新回顧本課學(xué)習(xí)的主要內(nèi)容,包括稅收的含義,以及稅收的三個基本特征和它們之間的相互關(guān)系。4、作業(yè)布置讓學(xué)生預(yù)習(xí)稅收的種類的內(nèi)容,尤其是增值稅和個人所得稅。同時了解父母每月所繳納的個人所得稅和怎么計算的。
預(yù)測回答:成龍在影視,武術(shù)方面的價值,對于某個人,某個集團(tuán)的價值。知識引導(dǎo):人的價值體現(xiàn)在多方面的,可以是物質(zhì)方面,也可以是精神方面,可以是對某個人或某個集團(tuán)的價值,也可以是對人類和社會的價值。設(shè)置目的:從學(xué)生感興趣的人物入手,分析對人的價值的評價。讓學(xué)生自己分析總結(jié),體現(xiàn)學(xué)生在新課改下的主體地位。從上述事例中我們可以看出人的價值是什么?如何評價?(學(xué)生活動)2.人的價值:在于創(chuàng)造價值,在于對社會的責(zé)任和貢獻(xiàn),即通過自己的活動滿足自己所屬的社會、他人以及自己的需要。(幻燈片顯示)3.人的價值評價:看他的貢獻(xiàn),最根本的是對社會發(fā)展和人類進(jìn)步事業(yè)的貢獻(xiàn)。(幻燈片顯示)老師總結(jié):對社會的貢獻(xiàn)并不是高高在上,不可觸及。只要是做自己該做的事,從身邊的小事做起,普普通通的勞動就是貢獻(xiàn)社會和他人。學(xué)生歸納:人生價值原理二、價值觀的導(dǎo)向作用(板書)1.價值觀的含義人們在認(rèn)識各種具體事物的價值的基礎(chǔ)上,形成對事物價值的總的看法和根本觀點。
二、學(xué)生情況分析(說學(xué)法)1、學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)基礎(chǔ)分析:學(xué)生通過對《生活與哲學(xué)》前面三個單元的學(xué)習(xí),初步掌握了運(yùn)用唯物論、辯證法、認(rèn)識論的觀點去認(rèn)識問題、分析問題的能力;再通過對第十一課的學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生對馬克思主義的歷史觀有了初步的理解,初步樹立了正確的理想信念,這為本課教學(xué)目標(biāo)的落實奠定了知識基礎(chǔ)。 2、學(xué)生能力分析 :高二學(xué)生擁有一定生活體驗,具備一定的信息收集和篩選能力、閱讀能力、語言表達(dá)能力、對問題的一定的探究能力,同伴合作能力和具備初步邏輯思維能力。3、學(xué)生心理分析:在我國現(xiàn)階段,以為人民服務(wù)為核心的社會主義道德建設(shè)過程中涌現(xiàn)了大批的先進(jìn)人物和道德典范,但同時由于社會價值的多元化,個人主義、享樂主義、拜金主義等資本主義腐朽思想也同樣在影響著當(dāng)代的中學(xué)生。
Step 7 Language points 1.Vocabulary (1) go through (2) set down (3) a series of (4) on purpose (5) in order to (6)at dusk (7)entirely (8)face to face 2.Important sentences (1)…I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. (2)There was a time when … (3)I stayed awake on purpose until … (4)It was the first time … that I’d seen the night … (5)It’s no pleasure looking through … Purpose: 1.Master the required vocabulary and sentence structures. 2.Use them freely. Step 8 Consolidation 1.Find out the topic sentences 2.Retell the text according to the topic sentences Purpose: I want to know if my students understand the text. Step 9 Discussion Imagine you have to go into hiding like Anne and her family, what would you miss most? Giveyour reasons. Purpose: Train Ss’ oral English ability. Step 10 Homework Write an article on Friends. Purpose: 1. Improve the Ss’ writing ability. 2 Train the Ss’ ability of self—teaching and looking up information by themselves. Part 5 Blackboard design(說板書設(shè)計)Unit 1 Friendship Reading Anne’s Best Friend 1.Main idea of each paragraph: Para. 1 Anne made her diary her best friend. Para .2 Anne wrote her feelings in her diary. Para .3 Anne missed nature. Para.4 Anne saw the night face to face Para.5 Anne wanted to experience nature outdoors. 2.Listening: Exx.1 P3 3.Discussion: Exx.3 P3 Purpose: 1.Make Ss familiar with the passage 2.Make the design inductive, instructive and artistic.
In this step, give students a few minutes to read the passage . While they are reading, I will write some key words of the text on the blackboard. Then ask students to retell the passage according to the key words.By retelling, students can improve their ability of language organization and have an overall understanding of the article.Step 4 Group discussionIn this step, students will be divided into groups of 4 to discussion the following question: What qualities make a great person?After their discussion, invite a few groups to make a report to the class.This group discussion can practice students’ oral English and cultivate their abilities of cooperation and communication.Step 5. HomeworkLet students write a short passage to introduce a great person he or she admires.The homework can consolidate the knowledge the students have learned and cultivate their writing ability. Part 6 Blackboard Design(板書設(shè)計)That’s all my teaching procedures. Finally, I’d like to say sth about part 6 blackboard design. On the top is the title. On the left, there will be some new words and expressions. In the middle of the blackboard, I will write some useful sentence structures so that the students can know clearly what they’ve learned and then try to master the knowledge.OK. That’s all for my presentation. Thank you for your attention.
The oldest and the most popular park in the worldenjoy the exciting activities thereget close to the life-size cartoon characters like Mickey Mouse and Donald Duck Step 3 Pre-reading1.What do you suppose a theme park is ?2.What do you think you can see in a theme park?(1.It is a kind of amusement park which has a certain theme – that the whole park is based on. 2.buildings, castles, statues, rare animals and birds, and so on.) Step 4 Reading ----- Theme Parks –---- Fun and More Than Fun1.Predict : Read the title and the pictures on P. 34 and PredictWhat is the meaning of the title “Theme Park – Fun and more than fun”?(The title means that theme parks are fun to visit, but that they can also be educational and can offer useful information.)2.Skimming Fast read and answer:What activities can we take in a theme park?Amusement park: Bumper car Merry-go-round slide bungee jumping Free-fall rides Horror films Pirate ship Ferris wheel roller coaster3.Scanning Read again and you will find various theme parks are mentioned in the passage . Then what are they ?Theme parks: Sports theme park History theme park Culture theme park Marine or Ocean theme Park Future park Science theme park Disneyland4.Careful reading and find the main idea of each paragraph:THEME PARKS---- entertaining/ educationalPara.1 Traditional parks are places to go for relaxation and to have time away from our busy lives.Para.2 Theme parks are different They’re large and full of things to do, see and buy.Para.3 Theme parks are built around a single idea or theme. One example is a sports park.Para.4 Another kind of theme park is historical more and cultural and can be educational.Para.5 Disneylandwas the first theme park. It is based on the fantasy life and characters of Disney’s films.Para.6 Some examples of educational theme parks include sea world parks and science parks.
Knowledge objectives:(1) to make Ss grasp the usage of words, expressions and sentence structures: statistics, struggle, thanks to, rid of, some patterns for persuasion, the “ing” form as subject and object;(2)to use learnt knowledge to persuade sb.Ability objectives:(1) to develop Ss’ reading skills(skimming, scanning, word guessing);(2) to improve Ss’ speaking, communicating and cooperating skills.Emotional objectives:to make Ss know the contribution of Yuan,and learn his spirit and his simple life time.Teaching important and difficult points:(1) some words, expressions and sentence structures mentioned above;(2)the content of the text;(3)training their reading and speaking skills.Teaching methods: CLT, TBLT,QT.Learning strategies: CLS, QLS, TBLS.Teaching procedures:Step 1 lead-in: (1) teacher plays a piece of recent news from CCTV about the harvest of the super hybrid rice, and ask students whether they know Yuan or not, and talk about him and his contribution.(2)Brain storm: let Ss describe Yuan in their minds including his appearance, his living condition and so on.Step 2 fast reading tasks:(1)teacher introduces Yuan and super hybrid rice(2)make Ss read the text as fast as possible with questions. Such as: what’s the general ideaof this passage? What’s Yuan’ dream? (skimming and scanning skill)Step 3 intensive reading tasks(1)let Ss read the text silently, find topic sentence of each paragraph and draw the difficult sentences and the knowledge what they don’t understand.(words guessing)(2)teacher and Ss talk about the important words, expressions and sentences together, and ask Ss to retell the content of the text.(summarizing and paraphrasing)(3)teacher summarize this part.(4) read again following the courseware.
In this class, I have 3 teaching aims, that is, knowledge aims, ability aims and emotion aims.1) Knowledge-Teach students new words and expressions, such as temporary, bleed,sprain choke, first aid, fall ill and so on.-Enable students to have a better understanding for some basic knowledge of first aid.2) Ability-Train students’ speaking, reading and writing abilities by different teaching activities, such as skimming, comprehending, team work, role play, retelling and writing.-Develop students’ reading strategy on how to move general idea to specific information.3) Emotion-Promote students’ awareness of giving first aid.- Cultivate students’ creativities.Then let’s come to my teaching methods and activities.III. Teaching methods and activities:To achieve different teaching aims, various kinds of teaching methods and activities will be adopted throughout this period, such as TBL (task-based learning), skimming, team work, brainstorm and others, which can offer students opportunities to fulfill tasks in which they can use language to achieve a specific outcome.IV. Teaching aids:Computer and blackboardV. Teaching important points:1) Make students have a clear mind for the structure of the text.2) Help students understand the theme of the text.VI. Teaching difficulties:1) So many new words may affect students’ understanding.2) How to get students to know about the functions of the skin and thecauses, characteristics and treatments for different degree burns,and the knowledge about giving first aid. VII. Blackboard design:
Good afternoon, everyone. It’s my great pleasure to be here sharing my lesson with you. The content of my lesson is Senior English for China Book5 Unit 3 Life in the Future. I’ll be ready to begin this lesson from six parts: Analysis of the teaching material, Analysis of the students, Teaching aims and important and difficult points, Teaching methods and aids, Teaching procedures, and Blackboard design. First, let me talk about the teaching material.Part 1 Analysis of the Teaching Material:This unit is about what human beings’ life will be like in about one thousand years. By studying of this unit, we’ll Enable the students to know the changes in humans’ life and some new inventions bringing about the change and develop the interest in science. This lesson plays an important part in the English teaching in this unit. This is an important lesson in Book Five. From this lesson, it starts asking the Ss to grasp contents of each passage. Therefore, this lesson is in the important position of the teaching material. If the Ss can learn it well, it will be helpful to make the Ss learn the rest of this unit.Part 2 Analysis of the SsAs Senior2 Ss, they are at different levels of English fluency, some of them have lost interest in English. So during the lesson, I arrange a variety of activities to let all of them join in to attract their interest and let them be confident and taste the joy of success.
在同一個直角坐標(biāo),做出兩個不同彈簧的F—X圖象,然后進(jìn)行比較。圖象法處理數(shù)據(jù)更為直觀,更容易得出物理變化規(guī)律,且該種方法處理數(shù)據(jù)能更好地減小實驗的偶然誤差。最后老師歸納總結(jié):得出胡克定律:F=KX(K為彈簧的頸度系數(shù))[設(shè)計意圖:在探究彈力的大小與形變的定量關(guān)系時,由學(xué)生進(jìn)行猜想、實驗和得出規(guī)律,并利用信息技術(shù)計算機(jī)繪制F—X圖象,充分利用信息技術(shù)資源和物理學(xué)科的整合。能較好地體現(xiàn)以學(xué)生為主的新的教學(xué)理念。對探究實驗過程教師加以指導(dǎo),使學(xué)生學(xué)會團(tuán)結(jié)合作、學(xué)會探究物理規(guī)律;再加上熟練信息技術(shù),更有效地提高學(xué)習(xí)效率。](五)彈力的應(yīng)用(圖片,視頻播放:射箭)[設(shè)計意圖:讓學(xué)生知道產(chǎn)品設(shè)計離不開物理理論,做到從實踐到理論,再從理論到實踐的學(xué)習(xí)過程。](六)開放式問題(視頻播放:撐桿跳高、跳水);提出問題:通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容的學(xué)習(xí),請同學(xué)們開放式地討論①從形變與彈力知識去思考,撐桿跳高運(yùn)動員跳得這么高的主要原因是什么?②跳水運(yùn)動員在空中滯空時間主要由哪方面決定?
(一)、教材地位:我說課的內(nèi)容是人教版高二歷史(必修3)第五單元《從“師夷長技”到維新變法》。本課主要講述了鴉片戰(zhàn)爭后中國思想界發(fā)生的巨大變化,所講述內(nèi)容對中國近百年的歷史走向,對近代中國政治發(fā)展所產(chǎn)生的影響是至關(guān)重要的,所以這節(jié)課在教材中具有重要的地位和作用,同時也是本冊書中的重要章節(jié)。(二)、課標(biāo)要求:《高中歷史新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》對這一節(jié)內(nèi)容作了這樣的要求:了解鴉片戰(zhàn)爭以后中國人學(xué)習(xí)西方 尋求變革的思想歷程,理解維新變法思想在近代中國社會發(fā)展中所起的作用。(三)、教學(xué)目標(biāo):根據(jù)課標(biāo)要求、教材內(nèi)容和學(xué)生的具體情況,確立以下教學(xué)目標(biāo):1、知識與能力:(1)識記:林則徐被稱為“開演看世界的第一人”;魏源的“師夷長技以制夷”思想;洋務(wù)派“師夷長技以自強(qiáng)”思想;早期維新思想和90年代維新思想;
1、教材內(nèi)容本節(jié)是人教版普通高中標(biāo)準(zhǔn)實驗教科書生物必修2《遺傳與進(jìn)化》的第五章《基因突變及其他變異》的第一節(jié)內(nèi)容。本節(jié)介紹了可遺傳變異的兩種類型:基因突變和基因重組,其中基因突變從實例對鐮刀型細(xì)胞貧血癥的分析入手,引入基因突變的概念,然后詳細(xì)闡述基因突變的原因和特點、意義。在闡述自然狀態(tài)下基因突變的頻率很低時,教材用實例說明在一個足夠大的群體中,即使基因突變頻率很低,突變個體仍然會占有一定的數(shù)量。這個實例體現(xiàn)了生物在進(jìn)化過程中“變”與“不變”的平衡,有助于學(xué)生理解基因突變在生物進(jìn)化中所占有的重要地位。在基因重組部分,教材設(shè)置了“思考與討論“的欄目,旨在讓學(xué)生利用數(shù)學(xué)方法,通過計算,體會基因重組機(jī)制提供的極其多樣的基因組合方式,從而幫助學(xué)生理解基因重組是生物多樣性形成的主要原因。正文中則簡要闡述了基因重組的概念、類型和意義。本節(jié)內(nèi)容引導(dǎo)學(xué)生從分子水平上理解遺傳物質(zhì)如何引起生物變異的。
二、誘變育種1、創(chuàng)設(shè)情境,引出課題 出示教具或圖片:一穗具有黃粒性狀的玉米。問題:怎樣利用現(xiàn)有的玉米品種培育出具有黑色性狀的玉米新品種呢?2、閱讀資料、討論研究 課前布置興趣小組同學(xué)搜集有關(guān)航天誘變育種的資料,并在此基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行整理。這樣可以培養(yǎng)學(xué)生搜集并且整理資料的能力,并體會科學(xué)技術(shù)與人們生產(chǎn)生活的密切聯(lián)系。 學(xué)生閱讀生物興趣小組課前搜集的有關(guān)航天誘變育種問題的資料及教材P100得內(nèi)容。以小組為單位討論回答有關(guān)誘變育種的有關(guān)問題,附:設(shè)置的問題:1、 新品種中有沒有產(chǎn)生新基因?2、空中誘發(fā)基因突變的條件有哪些?3、航天誘變育種有哪些優(yōu)點?4、地面上有哪些因素可以誘發(fā)生物體產(chǎn)生基因突變?5、誘變育種有哪些局限性?如何克服?以航天誘變育種為典型,解決誘變育種過程中遇到的相關(guān)問題。讓學(xué)生學(xué)會對已有知識進(jìn)行應(yīng)用。3、歸納總結(jié),形成體系 通過以小組為單位的表達(dá)和交流,師生共同總結(jié)歸納,形成有關(guān)誘變育種的知識體系,提升學(xué)生對于知識的理解。
師:同學(xué)們這個暑假過得真不錯呀,都有自己最開心的日子。同學(xué)們經(jīng)歷的這些活動,讓你們自己長了知識,豐富了閱歷,你們今天的介紹,也讓我和更多的同學(xué)大開了眼界。由此可見,在今天,通過親身參與、實踐,通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)、電影,通過交流發(fā)言,大家獲得了許多新的信息、知識,增強(qiáng)了對祖國美好河山的熱愛、對科技的向往和異國的友誼。同學(xué)們信息交流的過程,實際上也是文化傳播的過程。板書課題:第二課時文化在交流中傳播話題導(dǎo)入討論話題:如何建設(shè)文明校園?(課前準(zhǔn)備:要求同學(xué)們仔細(xì)觀察、了解關(guān)于校園文明現(xiàn)象的問題,并就如何建設(shè)文明校園提出自己的建議。教師可按自然組,讓學(xué)生推選一名代表發(fā)言,就校園文明方面談?wù)劥嬖诘膯栴}和不足,或提出一些中肯的改進(jìn)意見)(學(xué)生交流)生1:建設(shè)文明校園,首先要凈化語言環(huán)境,我們學(xué)校不少同學(xué)愛說臟話,與文明校園很不相稱。
2、學(xué)生分析 九十年代初期出生的孩子,生活在一個充滿活力的時代,張揚(yáng)個性成為他(她)們的主旋律。面對這一時代的學(xué)生,溝通需要用心、用技巧,那也是一門藝術(shù)。高中學(xué)生的心理日趨成熟,有一定的知識積累,且比較豐富;語言邏輯性強(qiáng),有較強(qiáng)的參與意識,求知欲望及表現(xiàn)欲望。學(xué)生主體參與的充分,表現(xiàn)在其主動性,積極性得到極大的調(diào)動。這與教師的主導(dǎo)作用是分不開的。本課教案就是要引導(dǎo)學(xué)生自己先閱讀書本、獨立思考、激發(fā)學(xué)生思維,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生各抒己見,讓學(xué)生自己得出解答問題的結(jié)論,不追求答案的唯一。充分體現(xiàn)了讀書是一種個體行為,每個學(xué)生有不同的體驗。教師應(yīng)跳出教案的問題模式,和學(xué)生一道去創(chuàng)造地發(fā)現(xiàn)問題、分析問題、解決問題,在成功中尋找快樂、在快樂中更加成功。同時特別注重創(chuàng)設(shè)的情景的選擇性,有針對性和實效性,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生們積極、主動參與,使他們的潛能、智慧得出充分挖掘、展示。只有當(dāng)學(xué)生們在課堂上表現(xiàn)出來的獨特的、有創(chuàng)意的設(shè)計見解,學(xué)生主體參與和教師主導(dǎo)二者完美結(jié)合,才能表明該課的設(shè)計卓有成效。
2、文化反作用經(jīng)濟(jì)政治師:經(jīng)濟(jì)政治決定文化,那么,文化不是被動消極的呢?生:思考回答:文化反作用經(jīng)濟(jì)政治,不同的文化對經(jīng)濟(jì)政治的影響不同。師:文化反作用經(jīng)濟(jì)政治,對社會發(fā)展有重要影響。文化反作用表現(xiàn)在,文化可以為經(jīng)濟(jì)政治的發(fā)展,對社會的發(fā)展,提供方向保證、智力支持和精神動力。(1)文化反作用的體現(xiàn)。師:現(xiàn)代民主國家中,世界民主的先驅(qū)是英國,但英國卻有國王,亞洲民主的先驅(qū)是日本,但日本卻有天皇,其一個重要原因是文化的影響。這說明什么?生:思考發(fā)言……師:不同民族的文化,影響不同民族和國家的歷史和發(fā)展道路。師:中東地區(qū)一直以來都是世界熱點地區(qū),如巴以沖突、伊拉克戰(zhàn)爭、阿富汗戰(zhàn)爭、基地組織等,其一個重要原因是宗教文化的沖突。這說明什么?生:思考發(fā)言……師:不同文化的沖突,影響社會的和諧安定和世界的和平安寧。
環(huán)節(jié)四 課堂小結(jié) 鞏固知識 本節(jié)課我采用線索性的板書,整個知識結(jié)構(gòu)一目了然,為了充分發(fā)揮學(xué)生在課堂的主體地位,我將課堂小結(jié)交由學(xué)生完成,請學(xué)生根據(jù)課堂學(xué)習(xí)的內(nèi)容,結(jié)合我的板書設(shè)計來進(jìn)行小結(jié),以此來幫助教師在第一時間掌握學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)信息的反饋,同時培養(yǎng)學(xué)生歸納分析能力、概括能力。環(huán)節(jié)五 情景回歸,情感升華我的實習(xí)指導(dǎo)老師告訴過我們,政治這一門學(xué)科要從生活中來到生活去,所以在課堂的最后布置課外作業(yè),以此培養(yǎng)學(xué)生對理論的實際運(yùn)用能力,同時檢驗他們對知識的真正掌握情況,以此達(dá)到情感的升華,本節(jié)課,我根據(jù)建構(gòu)主義理論,強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)生是學(xué)習(xí)的中心,學(xué)生是知識意義的主動建構(gòu)者,是信息加工的主體,要強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)生在課堂中的參與性、以及探究性,不僅讓他們懂得知識,更讓他們相信知識,并且將知識融入到實踐當(dāng)中去,最終達(dá)到知、情、意、行的統(tǒng)一。
3、問題設(shè)計:文化除了影響人們的交往行為和交往方式外,還影響人們的什么?4、師生總結(jié)得出結(jié)論:文化影響人們的實踐活動、認(rèn)識活動和思維方式。設(shè)計意圖:通過主題的指引,讓學(xué)生查閱并說說中國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日的來源、傳說和意義。這是基于豐富課程資源的設(shè)計,將生活和學(xué)習(xí)領(lǐng)域的多種資源納入課程的范疇,在活動中自主建構(gòu)知識,并在教師的引導(dǎo)下,提高分析和解決問題能力,培養(yǎng)熱愛祖國的思想感情,突破本框題第二個重點。過渡設(shè)問:文化對人影響有什么特點?設(shè)計意圖:通過問題提示,集中學(xué)生的注意力,導(dǎo)入下一個環(huán)節(jié)的教學(xué)。環(huán)節(jié)三:文化對人潛移默化的影響。教案:1、多媒體播放“孟母三遷”故事動畫片。2、討論問題:“孟母三遷”的故事給我們什么啟示?3、師生總結(jié)得出結(jié)論:文化對人具有潛移默化的影響。設(shè)計意圖:“孟母三遷”的故事學(xué)生比較熟悉,而且這個故事的思想教育性較強(qiáng)。
2、教學(xué)目標(biāo)根據(jù)我對教材的理解、結(jié)合學(xué)生的實際情況、滲透新課程的教學(xué)理念,為提高全體學(xué)生的科學(xué)素養(yǎng),按課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn),以促進(jìn)全體學(xué)生發(fā)展為目的。從知識與技能、過程與方法,情感態(tài)度與價值觀三個方向培養(yǎng)學(xué)生,擬定三個教學(xué)目標(biāo):知識與技能:(1)知道什么是動能。(2)正確理解和運(yùn)用動能公式分析、解答有關(guān)問題。(3)掌握外力對物體所做的總功的計算,理解“代數(shù)和”的含義。(4)理解和運(yùn)用動能定理。過程與方法:通過演繹推理過程,培養(yǎng)科學(xué)研究興趣,領(lǐng)略物理學(xué)中所蘊(yùn)含的嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)倪壿嬯P(guān)系。情感、態(tài)度、價值觀:通過運(yùn)用動能定理分析解決問題,感受成功的喜悅,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生對科學(xué)研究的興趣。3、教學(xué)的重點和難點重點:理解動能定理、應(yīng)用動能定理解決力學(xué)問題。難點:應(yīng)用動能定理解決多個過程的力學(xué)問題,以及變力做功或曲線運(yùn)動中的動能定理運(yùn)用。
(5)高度不同,對平拋運(yùn)動距離有何影響,是否因為高度減小后下落時間減小,所以要增大速度才能達(dá)到相同的距離?(教學(xué)實踐證明,這種想法在學(xué)生比較多見。已經(jīng)不自覺的沿用了自由落體運(yùn)動的規(guī)律,又隱隱有運(yùn)動等時性的痕跡。應(yīng)引導(dǎo)學(xué)生這一結(jié)果還需實驗驗證。)教師的引導(dǎo):其實,我們所提出的看法都跟平拋運(yùn)動的規(guī)律有關(guān)系。那么平拋運(yùn)動究竟有怎樣的規(guī)律呢?以前學(xué)過的直線運(yùn)動知識還能用于今天的內(nèi)容嗎?由此逐步使學(xué)生意識到分析平拋運(yùn)動須采用運(yùn)動合成與分解這一方法。三、實驗驗證自主探究(15分鐘) 物理是實驗科學(xué),多媒體教學(xué)不能代替實驗。本教學(xué)設(shè)計的第三個環(huán)節(jié)是實驗驗證,鼓勵學(xué)生自主探究。引導(dǎo)學(xué)生根據(jù)自己的猜想(實驗?zāi)康模┰O(shè)計實驗進(jìn)行驗證。(1)介紹手持式平拋豎落儀,引導(dǎo)并小結(jié)實驗要領(lǐng):聽兩小球下落聲音判斷其下落時間。體會合運(yùn)動和分運(yùn)動是等時的。