由于這部分知識(shí)已要求學(xué)生在課前收集相關(guān)資料探討分析,,現(xiàn)在提供機(jī)會(huì)讓他們進(jìn)行交流,充分發(fā)表各自的見解。所以,學(xué)生對(duì)這個(gè)知識(shí)掌握起來并不難。所以,我對(duì)這部分內(nèi)容不做太多的講解,只要做進(jìn)一步的梳理,加深學(xué)生的理解即可。 第三是小結(jié)環(huán)節(jié) 在學(xué)生對(duì)西氣東輸工程的原因掌握之后進(jìn)入的是小結(jié)環(huán)節(jié),這里我進(jìn)一步提出問題:在西氣東輸工程段的建設(shè)中有沒有什么難關(guān)? 通過西氣東輸?shù)碾y度了解,間接的表現(xiàn)我國(guó)的科技的發(fā)展,增加學(xué)生的愛國(guó)情,同時(shí)也說明西氣東輸?shù)慕ǔ梢灿屑夹g(shù)這一原因。從而也完成了本課時(shí)的小結(jié)。 第四環(huán)節(jié)是作業(yè)布置 在這里要求學(xué)生課后預(yù)習(xí)本課剩下的內(nèi)容:思考西氣東輸對(duì)區(qū)域發(fā)展的影響以及為何要實(shí)施資源的跨區(qū)域調(diào)配。通過這樣的問題一方面為下節(jié)課學(xué)習(xí)奠定基礎(chǔ),另一方面體現(xiàn)本課學(xué)習(xí)從“個(gè)”到“類”從特殊到一般的過程。
閱讀教材第88、89頁(yè)內(nèi)容,思考︰(1)"新四大發(fā)明"出現(xiàn)的主要原因是什么?(2)科技創(chuàng)新與國(guó)家發(fā)展、人民生活有什么關(guān)系?(3)改革創(chuàng)新對(duì)于一個(gè)國(guó)家和民族有什么重要作用?提示︰(1)改革創(chuàng)新的實(shí)踐以及"科教興國(guó)"戰(zhàn)略的落實(shí)。(2)促進(jìn)了經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域的飛速發(fā)展,也促使科技、文化、生活等各個(gè)領(lǐng)域取得輝煌成就,不斷推動(dòng)社會(huì)的進(jìn)步和國(guó)家的富強(qiáng)。只有在不斷改革創(chuàng)新中,一個(gè)民族的凝聚力才能不斷增強(qiáng),一個(gè)國(guó)家的生機(jī)活力才能不斷煥發(fā)。弘揚(yáng)以改革創(chuàng)新為核心的時(shí)代精神,努力投身創(chuàng)新實(shí)踐,發(fā)展才會(huì)有新思路,改革才會(huì)有新突破,我們才能開創(chuàng)更加美好的未來。第三個(gè)環(huán)節(jié):課堂小結(jié)改革創(chuàng)新是時(shí)代的最強(qiáng)音。只有在不斷改革創(chuàng)新中,一個(gè)民族的凝聚力才能不斷增強(qiáng),一個(gè)國(guó)家的生機(jī)活力才能不斷煥發(fā)。
問題導(dǎo)學(xué)類比橢圓幾何性質(zhì)的研究,你認(rèn)為應(yīng)該研究雙曲線x^2/a^2 -y^2/b^2 =1 (a>0,b>0),的哪些幾何性質(zhì),如何研究這些性質(zhì)1、范圍利用雙曲線的方程求出它的范圍,由方程x^2/a^2 -y^2/b^2 =1可得x^2/a^2 =1+y^2/b^2 ≥1 于是,雙曲線上點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)( x , y )都適合不等式,x^2/a^2 ≥1,y∈R所以x≥a 或x≤-a; y∈R2、對(duì)稱性 x^2/a^2 -y^2/b^2 =1 (a>0,b>0),關(guān)于x軸、y軸和原點(diǎn)都是對(duì)稱。x軸、y軸是雙曲線的對(duì)稱軸,原點(diǎn)是對(duì)稱中心,又叫做雙曲線的中心。3、頂點(diǎn)(1)雙曲線與對(duì)稱軸的交點(diǎn),叫做雙曲線的頂點(diǎn) .頂點(diǎn)是A_1 (-a,0)、A_2 (a,0),只有兩個(gè)。(2)如圖,線段A_1 A_2 叫做雙曲線的實(shí)軸,它的長(zhǎng)為2a,a叫做實(shí)半軸長(zhǎng);線段B_1 B_2 叫做雙曲線的虛軸,它的長(zhǎng)為2b,b叫做雙曲線的虛半軸長(zhǎng)。(3)實(shí)軸與虛軸等長(zhǎng)的雙曲線叫等軸雙曲線4、漸近線(1)雙曲線x^2/a^2 -y^2/b^2 =1 (a>0,b>0),的漸近線方程為:y=±b/a x(2)利用漸近線可以較準(zhǔn)確的畫出雙曲線的草圖
問題導(dǎo)學(xué)類比用方程研究橢圓雙曲線幾何性質(zhì)的過程與方法,y2 = 2px (p>0)你認(rèn)為應(yīng)研究拋物線的哪些幾何性質(zhì),如何研究這些性質(zhì)?1. 范圍拋物線 y2 = 2px (p>0) 在 y 軸的右側(cè),開口向右,這條拋物線上的任意一點(diǎn)M 的坐標(biāo) (x, y) 的橫坐標(biāo)滿足不等式 x ≥ 0;當(dāng)x 的值增大時(shí),|y| 也增大,這說明拋物線向右上方和右下方無(wú)限延伸.拋物線是無(wú)界曲線.2. 對(duì)稱性觀察圖象,不難發(fā)現(xiàn),拋物線 y2 = 2px (p>0)關(guān)于 x 軸對(duì)稱,我們把拋物線的對(duì)稱軸叫做拋物線的軸.拋物線只有一條對(duì)稱軸. 3. 頂點(diǎn)拋物線和它軸的交點(diǎn)叫做拋物線的頂點(diǎn).拋物線的頂點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)是坐標(biāo)原點(diǎn) (0, 0) .4. 離心率拋物線上的點(diǎn)M 到焦點(diǎn)的距離和它到準(zhǔn)線的距離的比,叫做拋物線的離心率. 用 e 表示,e = 1.探究如果拋物線的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程是〖 y〗^2=-2px(p>0), ②〖 x〗^2=2py(p>0), ③〖 x〗^2=-2py(p>0), ④
二、典例解析例4.如圖,雙曲線型冷卻塔的外形,是雙曲線的一部分,已知塔的總高度為137.5m,塔頂直徑為90m,塔的最小直徑(喉部直徑)為60m,喉部標(biāo)高112.5m,試建立適當(dāng)?shù)淖鴺?biāo)系,求出此雙曲線的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程(精確到1m)解:設(shè)雙曲線的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程為 ,如圖所示:為喉部直徑,故 ,故雙曲線方程為 .而 的橫坐標(biāo)為塔頂直徑的一半即 ,其縱坐標(biāo)為塔的總高度與喉部標(biāo)高的差即 ,故 ,故 ,所以 ,故雙曲線方程為 .例5.已知點(diǎn) 到定點(diǎn) 的距離和它到定直線l: 的距離的比是 ,則點(diǎn) 的軌跡方程為?解:設(shè)點(diǎn) ,由題知, ,即 .整理得: .請(qǐng)你將例5與橢圓一節(jié)中的例6比較,你有什么發(fā)現(xiàn)?例6、 過雙曲線 的右焦點(diǎn)F2,傾斜角為30度的直線交雙曲線于A,B兩點(diǎn),求|AB|.分析:求弦長(zhǎng)問題有兩種方法:法一:如果交點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)易求,可直接用兩點(diǎn)間距離公式代入求弦長(zhǎng);法二:但有時(shí)為了簡(jiǎn)化計(jì)算,常設(shè)而不求,運(yùn)用韋達(dá)定理來處理.解:由雙曲線的方程得,兩焦點(diǎn)分別為F1(-3,0),F2(3,0).因?yàn)橹本€AB的傾斜角是30°,且直線經(jīng)過右焦點(diǎn)F2,所以,直線AB的方程為
二、直線與拋物線的位置關(guān)系設(shè)直線l:y=kx+m,拋物線:y2=2px(p>0),將直線方程與拋物線方程聯(lián)立整理成關(guān)于x的方程k2x2+2(km-p)x+m2=0.(1)若k≠0,當(dāng)Δ>0時(shí),直線與拋物線相交,有兩個(gè)交點(diǎn);當(dāng)Δ=0時(shí),直線與拋物線相切,有一個(gè)切點(diǎn);當(dāng)Δ<0時(shí),直線與拋物線相離,沒有公共點(diǎn).(2)若k=0,直線與拋物線有一個(gè)交點(diǎn),此時(shí)直線平行于拋物線的對(duì)稱軸或與對(duì)稱軸重合.因此直線與拋物線有一個(gè)公共點(diǎn)是直線與拋物線相切的必要不充分條件.二、典例解析例5.過拋物線焦點(diǎn)F的直線交拋物線于A、B兩點(diǎn),通過點(diǎn)A和拋物線頂點(diǎn)的直線交拋物線的準(zhǔn)線于點(diǎn)D,求證:直線DB平行于拋物線的對(duì)稱軸.【分析】設(shè)拋物線的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程為:y2=2px(p>0).設(shè)A(x1,y1),B(x2,y2).直線OA的方程為: = = ,可得yD= .設(shè)直線AB的方程為:my=x﹣ ,與拋物線的方程聯(lián)立化為y2﹣2pm﹣p2=0,
1.判斷 (1)橢圓x^2/a^2 +y^2/b^2 =1(a>b>0)的長(zhǎng)軸長(zhǎng)是a. ( )(2)若橢圓的對(duì)稱軸為坐標(biāo)軸,長(zhǎng)軸長(zhǎng)與短軸長(zhǎng)分別為10,8,則橢圓的方程為x^2/25+y^2/16=1. ( )(3)設(shè)F為橢圓x^2/a^2 +y^2/b^2 =1(a>b>0)的一個(gè)焦點(diǎn),M為其上任一點(diǎn),則|MF|的最大值為a+c(c為橢圓的半焦距). ( )答案:(1)× (2)× (3)√ 2.已知橢圓C:x^2/a^2 +y^2/4=1的一個(gè)焦點(diǎn)為(2,0),則C的離心率為( )A.1/3 B.1/2 C.√2/2 D.(2√2)/3解析:∵a2=4+22=8,∴a=2√2.∴e=c/a=2/(2√2)=√2/2.故選C.答案:C 三、典例解析例1已知橢圓C1:x^2/100+y^2/64=1,設(shè)橢圓C2與橢圓C1的長(zhǎng)軸長(zhǎng)、短軸長(zhǎng)分別相等,且橢圓C2的焦點(diǎn)在y軸上.(1)求橢圓C1的半長(zhǎng)軸長(zhǎng)、半短軸長(zhǎng)、焦點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)及離心率;(2)寫出橢圓C2的方程,并研究其性質(zhì).解:(1)由橢圓C1:x^2/100+y^2/64=1,可得其半長(zhǎng)軸長(zhǎng)為10,半短軸長(zhǎng)為8,焦點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)為(6,0),(-6,0),離心率e=3/5.(2)橢圓C2:y^2/100+x^2/64=1.性質(zhì)如下:①范圍:-8≤x≤8且-10≤y≤10;②對(duì)稱性:關(guān)于x軸、y軸、原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱;③頂點(diǎn):長(zhǎng)軸端點(diǎn)(0,10),(0,-10),短軸端點(diǎn)(-8,0),(8,0);④焦點(diǎn):(0,6),(0,-6);⑤離心率:e=3/5.
二、典例解析例5. 如圖,一種電影放映燈的反射鏡面是旋轉(zhuǎn)橢圓面(橢圓繞其對(duì)稱軸旋轉(zhuǎn)一周形成的曲面)的一部分。過對(duì)稱軸的截口 ABC是橢圓的一部分,燈絲位于橢圓的一個(gè)焦點(diǎn)F_1上,片門位另一個(gè)焦點(diǎn)F_2上,由橢圓一個(gè)焦點(diǎn)F_1 發(fā)出的光線,經(jīng)過旋轉(zhuǎn)橢圓面反射后集中到另一個(gè)橢圓焦點(diǎn)F_2,已知 〖BC⊥F_1 F〗_2,|F_1 B|=2.8cm, |F_1 F_2 |=4.5cm,試建立適當(dāng)?shù)钠矫嬷苯亲鴺?biāo)系,求截口ABC所在的橢圓方程(精確到0.1cm)典例解析解:建立如圖所示的平面直角坐標(biāo)系,設(shè)所求橢圓方程為x^2/a^2 +y^2/b^2 =1 (a>b>0) 在Rt ΔBF_1 F_2中,|F_2 B|= √(|F_1 B|^2+|F_1 F_2 |^2 )=√(〖2.8〗^2 〖+4.5〗^2 ) 有橢圓的性質(zhì) , |F_1 B|+|F_2 B|=2 a, 所以a=1/2(|F_1 B|+|F_2 B|)=1/2(2.8+√(〖2.8〗^2 〖+4.5〗^2 )) ≈4.1b= √(a^2 〖-c〗^2 ) ≈3.4所以所求橢圓方程為x^2/〖4.1〗^2 +y^2/〖3.4〗^2 =1 利用橢圓的幾何性質(zhì)求標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程的思路1.利用橢圓的幾何性質(zhì)求橢圓的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程時(shí),通常采用待定系數(shù)法,其步驟是:(1)確定焦點(diǎn)位置;(2)設(shè)出相應(yīng)橢圓的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程(對(duì)于焦點(diǎn)位置不確定的橢圓可能有兩種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程);(3)根據(jù)已知條件構(gòu)造關(guān)于參數(shù)的關(guān)系式,利用方程(組)求參數(shù),列方程(組)時(shí)常用的關(guān)系式有b2=a2-c2等.
通過列表對(duì)比法、歸納法、、多媒體輔助法等教學(xué)方法,突破理論性強(qiáng)、不宜理解的“3S”原理與區(qū)別的知識(shí)難點(diǎn)。學(xué)生更是學(xué)會(huì)運(yùn)用圖表方法、高效記憶法、合作學(xué)習(xí)法等方法學(xué)習(xí)地理知識(shí),增加學(xué)習(xí)能力。[幻燈片] “3S技術(shù)”的應(yīng)用:地理信息技術(shù)的應(yīng)用十分廣泛,從實(shí)際身旁的社會(huì)生產(chǎn)生活,到地理學(xué)的區(qū)域地理環(huán)境研究。學(xué)生的年齡和認(rèn)知范圍決定,此部分的案例教學(xué)的運(yùn)用,前者容易接觸到、簡(jiǎn)單直觀、易區(qū)分掌握“3S”技術(shù)特點(diǎn)和具體應(yīng)用。而后者涉及地理學(xué)科的綜合性和區(qū)域性的特點(diǎn),難度較大。針對(duì)學(xué)情特點(diǎn),我多以前者案例入手學(xué)習(xí),以后者案例加以補(bǔ)充。案例:遙感:(1)視頻 專家解說衛(wèi)星遙感受災(zāi)影象(2)教材 圖1.6 1998年8月28日洞庭湖及荊江地區(qū)衛(wèi)星遙感圖像(3)視頻 2008年5月13日“北京一號(hào)”衛(wèi)星提供汶川的災(zāi)區(qū)遙感圖像(4)教材 閱讀 遙感在農(nóng)業(yè)方面的應(yīng)用
本來比較速度變化的快慢也有兩種方法:一種是比較相同時(shí)間內(nèi)速度變化量的大小;另一種是比較發(fā)生相同的速度變化所需要的時(shí)間長(zhǎng)短。但教材是將比較質(zhì)點(diǎn)位置移動(dòng)快慢的思想直接遷移過來,通過實(shí)例分析,使學(xué)生明白不同運(yùn)動(dòng)物體的速度變化快慢不同,表現(xiàn)在速度的變化與發(fā)生這個(gè)變化所用時(shí)間的比值不同,從而引入加速度的定義方法a=△v/△t。加速度表示速度的變化快慢,包括速度增加的快慢和減小的快慢,不能誤認(rèn)為只要有加速度的運(yùn)動(dòng)速度就一定是增加的。廣義地講,加速度不僅可以描述速度大小的變化快慢,而且也可以描述速度方向變化的快慢,本節(jié)教材只限定在直線運(yùn)動(dòng)的情景中討論。加速度的矢量性是一個(gè)難點(diǎn),教材是以與速度方向相同或是相反來表述加速度的矢量性的。如果以初速度方向?yàn)檎较?,那么加速度就有正?fù)之分,加速度的正負(fù)表示加速度的方向,不表示加速度的大小。
(三)合作交流能力提升教師:剛才我們通過實(shí)驗(yàn)了解了小車的速度是怎樣隨時(shí)間變化的,但實(shí)驗(yàn)中有一定的誤差,請(qǐng)同學(xué)們討論并說出可能存在哪些誤差,造成誤差的原因是什么?(每個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)小組的同學(xué)之間進(jìn)行熱烈的討論)學(xué)生:測(cè)量出現(xiàn)誤差。因?yàn)辄c(diǎn)間距離太小,測(cè)量長(zhǎng)度時(shí)容易產(chǎn)生誤差。教師:如何減小這個(gè)誤差呢?學(xué)生:如果測(cè)量較長(zhǎng)的距離,誤差應(yīng)該小一些。教師:應(yīng)該采取什么辦法?學(xué)生:應(yīng)該取幾個(gè)點(diǎn)之間的距離作為一個(gè)測(cè)量長(zhǎng)度。教師:好,這就是常用的取“計(jì)數(shù)點(diǎn)”的方法。我們應(yīng)該在紙帶上每隔幾個(gè)計(jì)時(shí)點(diǎn)取作一個(gè)計(jì)數(shù)點(diǎn),進(jìn)行編號(hào)。分別標(biāo)為:0、1、2、3……,測(cè)各計(jì)數(shù)點(diǎn)到“0”的距離。以減小測(cè)量誤差。教師:還有補(bǔ)充嗎?學(xué)生1:我在坐標(biāo)系中描點(diǎn)畫的圖象只集中在坐標(biāo)原定附近,兩條圖象沒有明顯的分開。學(xué)生2:描出的幾個(gè)點(diǎn)不嚴(yán)格的分布在一條直線上,還能畫直線嗎?
【這部分的設(shè)計(jì)目的,要學(xué)生明白熱帶雨林只是一個(gè)案例,我們的目的是要合理開發(fā)和保護(hù)全世界的森林。由森林的開發(fā)與保護(hù)來明確區(qū)域發(fā)展過程中產(chǎn)生的環(huán)境問題,危害及治理保護(hù)措施?!咳缓笾R(shí)遷移——東北林區(qū)的開發(fā)與保護(hù)介紹東北地區(qū)的森林材料:東北林區(qū)是我國(guó)最大的天然林區(qū),主要分布于大、小興安嶺及長(zhǎng)白山地,在平衡大氣成分、凈化空氣、補(bǔ)給土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)、涵養(yǎng)水源、保持水土、改善地方氣候有重要的作用。它還是我國(guó)最大的采伐基地,宜林地區(qū)廣,森林樹種豐富。 東北林區(qū)開發(fā)中的問題及影響點(diǎn)撥:由于人類的嚴(yán)重超采,采育脫節(jié),亂砍濫伐,毀林開荒,再加上森林火災(zāi),東北林區(qū)的面積在銳減,帶來了嚴(yán)重的生態(tài)惡化。我們?cè)撊绾伍_發(fā)和保護(hù)東北地區(qū)的森林呢?
1、《戰(zhàn)后資本主義世界經(jīng)濟(jì)體系的形成》是人教版高中歷史必修Ⅱ第八單元第22課,學(xué)時(shí)為1課時(shí)。《歷史必修Ⅱ》一書用古今貫通、中外關(guān)聯(lián)的八個(gè)專題來著重反映人類社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)生活領(lǐng)域發(fā)展進(jìn)程中的重要史實(shí)。從第一單元勾勒“古代中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)與特點(diǎn)”再到第八單元“世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的全球化趨勢(shì)”,以歷史唯物主義觀點(diǎn)清晰闡明經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化是世界生產(chǎn)力發(fā)展的要求和結(jié)果,是不以人的意志為轉(zhuǎn)移的歷史必然趨勢(shì)。第八單元的標(biāo)題是《世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的全球化趨勢(shì)》,作為最后一單元,從內(nèi)容上講,有強(qiáng)烈的時(shí)代感和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義,是全書內(nèi)容的總結(jié)與升華展望。提起“全球化”這個(gè)十年前才首次出現(xiàn)在美國(guó)《商業(yè)周刊》的新名詞,如今卻是地球人都知道了。然而究竟什么是全球化?作為一歷史現(xiàn)象,全球化有其自身內(nèi)部嚴(yán)密完整的體系,其中核心之一便是制度、規(guī)則的全球化,而這正是本課內(nèi)容的著力點(diǎn)。
德是人的第一智慧—第三周國(guó)旗下講話各位老師、同學(xué)們:大家早晨好!我今天講話的題目是《品德是人的第一智慧》,側(cè)重闡述品德和智慧的關(guān)系,強(qiáng)調(diào)我校學(xué)生在校期間的品德要求。我們今天培養(yǎng)和選拔人才的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是德才兼?zhèn)洌苌儆腥怂伎肌暗隆焙汀安拧钡年P(guān)系??梢赃@樣講,一個(gè)人有怎樣的品德,就會(huì)有怎樣的人生理解和目標(biāo),而智慧決定的是追求目標(biāo)的途徑和方法。目標(biāo)決定方法,方法服務(wù)于目標(biāo)。從這個(gè)意義上講,品德是成功人生的前提,是第一位的;智慧是成功人生的必須,從屬于品德。翻開一部人類的歷史,凡被人們敬仰的偉人,哪一位不是品德高尚的人?毛澤東、孫中山、錢學(xué)森、華羅庚、羅斯福、華盛頓、愛因斯坦、哥白尼等等。同學(xué)們?cè)囅胂?,如果你走向社?huì)后事業(yè)有成,你會(huì)選擇一位當(dāng)年缺乏公德的同學(xué)合作嗎?沒有與人良好的合作關(guān)系,才高八斗又有何用?高尚的品德不是與生俱來的,他需要我們一點(diǎn)一滴的做好自律,并自覺接受它律。自律的最高境界就是中國(guó)儒家文化強(qiáng)調(diào)的“慎獨(dú)”,即一個(gè)人獨(dú)處時(shí)也能保持同樣的高尚品德境界,而不是沒人看見就隨手扔垃圾,隨性破壞公物或干點(diǎn)什么見不得人的壞事。
(六)說教學(xué)策略1.專題性海量的媒介信息必須加以選擇或者整合,以項(xiàng)目為依據(jù),進(jìn)行信息篩選,形成專題性閱讀與交流;培養(yǎng)學(xué)生對(duì)文本信息“化零為整”的能力,提升跨媒介閱讀與交流學(xué)習(xí)的充實(shí)感。2.情境化情境教學(xué)應(yīng)指向?qū)W生的應(yīng)用,建構(gòu)富有符合時(shí)代氣息的內(nèi)容,與生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)更加貼合,對(duì)學(xué)生的語(yǔ)言建構(gòu)與運(yùn)用有所提升,在情境中能夠有效地進(jìn)行交流。3.任務(wù)化以任務(wù)為導(dǎo)向的序列化學(xué)習(xí),可以為學(xué)生構(gòu)建學(xué)習(xí)路線圖、學(xué)習(xí)框架等具體任務(wù)引導(dǎo);或以跨媒介的認(rèn)識(shí)與應(yīng)用為任務(wù)的設(shè)置引導(dǎo);甚至以閱讀和交流作為序列化安排的實(shí)踐引導(dǎo)。4.整合性跨媒介閱讀與交流是結(jié)合線上線下的資源,形成新的“超媒介”,也能實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)信息進(jìn)行“深加工”,多種媒介的信息整合只為一個(gè)核心教學(xué)內(nèi)容服務(wù)。5.互文性語(yǔ)言文字是語(yǔ)文之生命,我們是立足于語(yǔ)言文字的探討,音樂、圖像、視頻等文本與傳統(tǒng)語(yǔ)言文字文本形成互文,觸發(fā)學(xué)生對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容立體化和具體化的感悟,提升學(xué)生的審美能力。
The topic of this part is “Discover the reasons for festivals and celebrations.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at talking about the experiences and feelings or emotions about the festivals and celebrations. This section aims at detecting the reason why the people celebrate the festivals, the time, the places, the types and the way of celebrations. It also explains why some traditions in the old celebrations are disappearing, like the firecrackers in the big cities and some new things are appearing like the prosperity of business or commerce. 1. Students can talk about what festivals they know and the reasons and the way of celebrating them.2. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.3. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them. 4. Students can have the international awareness about the festivals.1. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.2. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat festival do you like best ? Why ?I like the Spring Festivals because I can set off the fireworks, receive the lucky money and enjoy the Gala with my families.Step 2 Before reading---Pair workWhy do people celebrate different festivals ?The Spring Festivals is to celebrate the end of winter and the coming of spring and new life.The Mid-autumn Day is to celebrate the harvest and admire the moon.
Step 3 Analyzing article structureActivity 31. Teachers raise questions to guide students to analyze the chapter structure of this diary and think about how to describe the festival experience. (1)What should be included in the opening/body/closing paragraph(s)?(2)How did the writer arrange his/her ideas?(3)What kind of interesting details did the writer describe?(4)How did the writer describe his/her feelings/emotions during the event?2. Students read and compare the three sentence patterns in activity 2. Try to rewrite the first paragraph of the diary with these three sentence patterns. After that, students exchange corrections with their partners. Such as:●This was my first time spending three days experiencing the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and it was an enjoyable and exciting experience. ●I'll never forget my experience at the Naadam Festival because it was my first time to watch the exciting Mongolian games of horse racing, wrestling, and archery so closely. ●I'll always remember my first experience at the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region because it was so amazing to spend three days witnessing a grand Mongolian ceremony. Step 4 Accumulation of statementsActivity 41. Ask the students to read the diary again. Look for sentences that express feelings and emotions, especially those with the -ing form and the past participle. Such as:● …h(huán)orse racing, wrestling, and archery, which are all so exciting to watch. ● some amazing performances● I was surprised to see…● I was a little worried about. . . ● feeling really tiredOther emotional statements:●I absolutely enjoyed the archery, too, but the horse races were my favourite part. ●I'm finally back home now, feeling really tired, but celebrating Naadam with my friend was totally worth it. ●He invited me back for the winter to stay in a traditional Mongolian tent and cat hot pot. I can’t wait!2. In addition to the use of the -ing form and the past participle, the teacher should guide the students in the appreciation of these statements, ask them to memorize them, and encourage them to use them reasonably in writing practice.
1. 表示時(shí)間。Hearing these stories, I’m skeptical about the place. = When I heard these stories. . . 2. 表示原因。Not knowing his address, I can’t send this book to him. = Because/Since/As I don’t know his address. . . 3. 表示結(jié)果。His father died, leaving him a lot of money. =. . . and left him a lot of money4. 表示條件。Going straight down the road, you will find the department store. = If you go straight down the road. . . 5. 表示讓步。Being tired, they went on working. =Although they were tired. . . 6. 表示行為方式、伴隨情況或補(bǔ)充說明。He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time. =. . . and stared at the sky for a long time注意:非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí), 如所提供的動(dòng)詞不能和句子中的主語(yǔ)保持一致, 動(dòng)詞-ing形式必須有自己的邏輯主語(yǔ), 通常由名詞或代詞來?yè)?dān)任, 這就是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。The last bus having gone, we had to walk home. (having gone的邏輯主語(yǔ)是the last bus, 而不是we)Weather permitting, the football match will be played on Friday. (permitting的邏輯主語(yǔ)是time, 而不是the football match)Step 7 Practice1. ________(study) hard, you are sure to get first prize. 2. People use plastic in their daily life, _______(leave) large amounts of waste. 3. ________(work) hard at your lessons, you are to succeed. 4. The old man, ____________(work) abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland. 5. ______________(finish) his homework, he was playing on the playground. Answers: 1. Studying 2. leaving 3. Working 4.having worked 5. Having finishedStep 8 HomeworkFinish the homework on Page 22.
Example:One day, a poor boy who was trying to pay his way through school by sending newspapers door to door found that he only had one dime(一角)left. He was so hungry that he decided to beg for a meal at the next house.However, he lost his nerve when a lovely young woman opened the door. Instead of a meal he asked for a drink of water. She thought he looked hungry so she brought him a large glass of milk. He drank it slowly, and then asked, “How much do I owe you?” “You don’t owe me anything,” she replied, “Mother has taught me never to accept pay for a kindness.” “Then I thank you from the bottom of my heart.” With these words, Howard Kelly left that house.Years later the woman became badly ill and was finally sent to the hospital in a big city. Dr. Howard Kelly, now famous, was called in. When he heard the name of the town she came from, a strange light filled his eyes. Dressed in his doctor’s clothes, Dr. Kelly went into her room and recognized her at once. From that day on, he gave special attention to her, and decided to do his best to save her life.At last the woman was saved. Dr. Kelly asked the business office to pass the final bill to him. He looked at it and then wrote something on the side. The bill was sent to the woman’s room. She was afraid to open it because she was sure that it would take the rest of her life to pay for it off. Finally she looked, and the note on the side of the bill caught her attention. She read these words: “Paid in full with a glass of milk, Dr. Howard Kelly.” Tear of joy flooded her eyes.
The topic of this part is “Learn to make choices in life”.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at the moral dilemmas, and this part is about making choices in life. The heroin is Lin Qiaozhi, a famous medical scientist, made a great contribution to our country’s medical care. Most importantly, her life experience can inspire our students whether in studying or the development of career. she had moral dilemmas and life choices, which are similar to the students who will step into society. Besides, Lin has quite good virtues like kindness, self-improvement, insistence, job-loving , generosity and responsibility, which is worth being learned.Concretely, this article is a biography about Lin Qiaozhi. The article tells her whole life according the timeline, among which the life choices is emphasized. For example, whether married or chased her dream, returned home or stayed abroad, family or public, her choices all reflected her faith, spirit, responsibility and devotion.1. Fast reading to get the detailed information about Lin Qiaozhi; careful reading to do the deductive information.2. Learn the reading skills--deductive judgement according the context.3. Study the structure features and language features. 4. Communicate about Lin’s life choices and reflect their own life choices.1. Learn the reading skills--deductive judgement according the context.2. Study the structure features and language features.3. Communicate about Lin’s life choices and reflect their own life choices.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat are some important life choices?Importance choices: university study, jobs and marriage partners. Because they can determine our future.