【說教材】這篇課文節(jié)選自作家管樺寫的同名中篇小說,選入課文時(shí)有改動(dòng),講的是在那戰(zhàn)火連天、槍炮轟鳴的抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)時(shí)期,晉察冀邊區(qū)的少年雨來,聰明勇敢,游泳本領(lǐng)高強(qiáng),為了掩護(hù)革命干部,機(jī)智地同敵人作斗爭(zhēng)的故事,本文圍繞這一主題,課文分六個(gè)部分?jǐn)⑹觥!菊f目標(biāo)】1.自學(xué)生字新詞,掌握讀音,理解詞義;(課前完成)2.用比較快的速度默讀課文,練習(xí)給每部分加上小標(biāo)題3.理解課文內(nèi)容,體會(huì)雨來與敵人英勇、頑強(qiáng)、機(jī)智地作斗爭(zhēng)的英雄品質(zhì)。
[設(shè)計(jì)說明]:只給出情景故事,感知了一個(gè)大數(shù),這樣還不能引起學(xué)生對(duì)大數(shù)的深刻認(rèn)識(shí),所以再給出宇宙星空中的這些大數(shù),讓學(xué)生讀讀、看看這些數(shù),引起學(xué)生強(qiáng)烈的認(rèn)知上的沖突,形成一種心理上的想讀、想寫的求知欲望。(二)、引出問題、探索新知在上面的例子中,我們遇到了幾個(gè)很大的數(shù),看起來、讀起來、寫起來都不方便,有沒有簡(jiǎn)單的表示法呢?分以下步驟完成。1、回憶100 ,1000,10000,能寫成10( )2、300=3×100=3×10( )3000=3×1000=3×10()30000=3×10000=3×10()3、再由學(xué)生完成上面4個(gè)例子中的數(shù)的表示。(學(xué)生對(duì)160 000 000 000這個(gè)數(shù)可能表示為、16×1010,教師要利用學(xué)生這種錯(cuò)誤,強(qiáng)調(diào)a的范圍)4、教師給出科學(xué)記數(shù)法表示:a×10( )(1≤a<10)。[設(shè)計(jì)說明]:通過層層遞進(jìn)的探究設(shè)計(jì),啟發(fā)學(xué)生成功地發(fā)現(xiàn)“科學(xué)記數(shù)法”的表示方法,同時(shí)又通過學(xué)生示錯(cuò),讓學(xué)生記住a的范圍,體現(xiàn)了以學(xué)生為主的探究式教學(xué)。
一、教材分析(一)、內(nèi)容、地位和作用這節(jié)課是義務(wù)教育課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)實(shí)驗(yàn)教科書北師大版七年級(jí)第6章《數(shù)據(jù)的收集與表示》第一節(jié)《數(shù)據(jù)的收集》的第一課時(shí)。在此之前,學(xué)生在已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)了一些初步的數(shù)據(jù)的處理問題,對(duì)運(yùn)用數(shù)據(jù)去解決日常生活中的實(shí)際問題已有所了解,知道了運(yùn)用數(shù)據(jù)的價(jià)值。本節(jié)課是在此基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)的收集又有了更進(jìn)一步的學(xué)習(xí)與挖掘。為后面運(yùn)用數(shù)據(jù)的知識(shí)去分析一些現(xiàn)象打下基礎(chǔ)。新的義務(wù)教育課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與我國(guó)以往的數(shù)學(xué)課程相比,在教學(xué)內(nèi)容上大大加強(qiáng)了統(tǒng)計(jì)和概率,在教學(xué)方法上積極倡導(dǎo)自主探索和合作學(xué)習(xí),幫助學(xué)生通過反復(fù)觀察,了解不確定的現(xiàn)象也能夠表現(xiàn)出規(guī)律,整個(gè)內(nèi)容圍繞真實(shí)的數(shù)據(jù)展開教學(xué)。依據(jù)新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn),在教學(xué)中,應(yīng)注重所學(xué)內(nèi)容與日常生活、自然、社會(huì)和科學(xué)技術(shù)領(lǐng)域的聯(lián)系,使學(xué)生體會(huì)統(tǒng)計(jì)與概率對(duì)制定決策的重要作用。
(1) 這28天中屬于“重度染污”、“中度污染”、“輕度污染”、“良”和“優(yōu)”的天數(shù)各有幾天?出現(xiàn)的頻率各是多少?請(qǐng)用一張統(tǒng)計(jì)表來表示;(3) 從你作的統(tǒng)計(jì)圖表中,你得到哪些結(jié)論?說說你的理由.(三)課堂小結(jié):本節(jié)課學(xué)習(xí)了用統(tǒng)計(jì)來直觀來表示數(shù)據(jù),并從統(tǒng)計(jì)圖中發(fā)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)間的聯(lián)系。整理數(shù)據(jù)——制統(tǒng)計(jì)表1、從資料給出的許多數(shù)據(jù)中選取相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行整理;2、標(biāo)目分成橫、縱兩種(允許不同分法);3、把數(shù)據(jù)放入相應(yīng)位置。為了更清晰地用統(tǒng)計(jì)表展示與描繪數(shù)據(jù),統(tǒng)計(jì)表必須有規(guī)范的結(jié)構(gòu):標(biāo)題(統(tǒng)計(jì)表的名稱)標(biāo)目(如“國(guó)家”、“屆數(shù)”…)數(shù)據(jù)、必要的說明(數(shù)據(jù)的單位、制表日期等)折線統(tǒng)計(jì)圖的步驟:(1)寫出統(tǒng)計(jì)圖名稱;(2)畫出橫、縱兩條互相垂直的數(shù)軸(有時(shí)不畫箭頭),分別表示兩個(gè)標(biāo)目的數(shù)據(jù);(3)根據(jù)橫、縱各個(gè)方向上的各對(duì)對(duì)應(yīng)的標(biāo)目數(shù)據(jù)畫點(diǎn);(4)用線段把每相鄰兩點(diǎn)連接起來。
(五)、反饋矯正,注重參與: 為鞏固本節(jié)的教學(xué)重點(diǎn)讓學(xué)生獨(dú)立完成: 1、課本23頁練習(xí)1、2 2、課本23頁3題的(給全體學(xué)生以示范性讓一個(gè)同學(xué)板書) 為向?qū)W生進(jìn)一步滲透數(shù)形結(jié)合的思想讓學(xué)生討論: 3、數(shù)軸上的點(diǎn)P與表示有理數(shù)3的點(diǎn)A距離是2, (1)試確定點(diǎn)P表示的有理數(shù); (2)將A向右移動(dòng)2個(gè)單位到B點(diǎn),點(diǎn)B表示的有理數(shù)是多少? (3)再由B點(diǎn)向左移動(dòng)9個(gè)單位到C點(diǎn),則C點(diǎn)表示的有理數(shù)是多少? 先讓學(xué)生通過小組討論得出結(jié)果,通過以上練習(xí)使學(xué)生在掌握知識(shí)的基礎(chǔ)上達(dá)到靈活運(yùn)用,形成一定的能力。 (六)、歸納小結(jié),強(qiáng)化思想: 根據(jù)學(xué)生的特點(diǎn),師生共同小結(jié): 1、為了鞏固本節(jié)課的教學(xué)重點(diǎn)提問:你知道什么是數(shù)軸嗎?你會(huì)畫數(shù)軸嗎?這節(jié)課你學(xué)會(huì)了用什么來表示有理數(shù)? 2、數(shù)軸上,會(huì)不會(huì)有兩個(gè)點(diǎn)表示同一個(gè)有理數(shù)?會(huì)不會(huì)有一個(gè)點(diǎn)表示兩個(gè)不同的有理數(shù)? 讓學(xué)生牢固掌握一個(gè)有理數(shù)只對(duì)應(yīng)數(shù)軸上的一個(gè)點(diǎn),并能說出數(shù)軸上已知點(diǎn)所表示的有理數(shù)。
我來到書房,找到了字典,既想快點(diǎn)知曉答案,和媽媽比個(gè)勝負(fù),又想慢點(diǎn)兒,萬一又錯(cuò)了怎么辦。我緊張地翻開字典,找到了“偌”字的讀音。天吶,我是對(duì)的,我太開心了?。ú蛔?:缺少動(dòng)作描寫,沒有展現(xiàn)出“我”的緊張。修改:我使勁地捏著字典,顫抖著雙手,慢慢地打開字典。不足2:結(jié)尾缺少人物的語言和神態(tài)描寫,沒有展現(xiàn)出人物開心的心理。修改:我眉飛色舞地大叫道:“天吶,我贏啦!我贏啦!”)我捧著字典,連蹦帶跳地來到媽媽面前,欣喜若狂地說:“媽媽,你想不到吧,你一個(gè)堂堂初中老師,居然敗在拼音不太好的女兒手下。哈哈,我終于報(bào)‘仇’了……”此時(shí)的我,簡(jiǎn)直比中了五百萬還要開心一百倍。媽媽一聽便傻了眼,剛才那堅(jiān)定的神情已經(jīng)蕩然無存,媽媽連忙接過字典看了又看,生怕我看錯(cuò)了似的。看到字典上的讀音,媽媽啞口無言。
(3)推薦男女生代表各一位在全班進(jìn)行演講展示。 (4)圍繞“講”和“演”兩方面的技巧,點(diǎn)評(píng)演講效果。(生開展演講活動(dòng),師指導(dǎo))【設(shè)計(jì)意圖】本環(huán)節(jié)通過集中梳理演講技巧,并設(shè)計(jì)演講技巧進(jìn)行演講展示,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生將理論知識(shí)逐步運(yùn)用于具體的演講實(shí)踐中,提高學(xué)生的演講能力。五、總結(jié)存儲(chǔ)1.教師總結(jié)現(xiàn)代奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)的創(chuàng)始人顧拜旦面對(duì)世界政治格局劇變的局面,以戰(zhàn)略家的視野指出奧林匹克精神的內(nèi)涵與價(jià)值,用詩歌般的語言闡述了奧林匹克平和自信的內(nèi)涵,提出了奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)的宗旨是教育,是面向大眾,是促進(jìn)和平、公平、公正。他激情澎湃地暢想美好前景,確信奧林匹克精神必將如陽光般普照大地。整篇演講詞站位高、格局廣,語言莊重、典雅,值得我們用心體會(huì)。2.布置作業(yè)學(xué)校即將舉行春季運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì),如果你被邀請(qǐng)?jiān)谶\(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)的開幕式上作為學(xué)生代表發(fā)言,你將如何演講?結(jié)合你對(duì)奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)的精神的理解,寫一篇300字左右的演講詞,并適當(dāng)設(shè)計(jì)一些演講技巧。
Teaching Goal:1. General aims:Talk about recent past events2. Particular aims:A. Language Focus.Talk about recent past events and think of the past events.B. Language goalsHow was….?It was …What did …do over the weekend?C. Language structures:(1). How was your weekend? I was great. Pay attention to no form.(2). What did you do over the weekend? I played soccer. We went to the beach.D. Useful words and phrases:Words: was, did, went, beach, over, project, test, wasn’t, false, number, geography, spend, week, most, mixture, their, had, little, cook, read, saw, change, everyone, sit, sat, no, anythingPhrases: did one’s homework, played soccer, cleaned my room, went to the beach, played tennis, went to the movies, on Saturday morning, over the weekend, cook … for, what about, do some reading, have a party, talk show, go shoppingE. Grammar language:Present simple past tenseRegular and irregular verbsF. Learning strategies:Tour and holidaysG. Interdiscipinary:H. Emotion and manner:Teaching time: 5 periodsTeaching procedures:Period One教學(xué)步驟、時(shí)間 教師活動(dòng) 學(xué)生活動(dòng) 媒體應(yīng)用Step 1Free talk 3’ Ask some questions like:Who’s on duty today?What’s the weather like? Answer and talk about something.讓同學(xué)們回答下列問題1. Do you like weekend? (Let some students answer)It takes them three minutes to talk about the question.2. Why do you like weekend? (let the students answer) Most of the students like the weekend此時(shí)教師用漢語問:“在周末期間問你干了什么?這句話用英語這么回答?Let the students guess.At last the teacher give them right answer3. What did you do over the weekend?(板書、學(xué)習(xí))
所需要用到的句子:Who is that?That is Jack. I like him.Why do you like him?I like him because he is interesting.Task 4: 設(shè)計(jì)理想中的人類Step one: 設(shè)計(jì)理想中的人類的外貌。把全班同學(xué)分成若干小組,學(xué)生可以邊說邊在紙上畫出他們的模樣。Step two: 設(shè)計(jì)理想中人類的性格。學(xué)生們可以把那些能描述性格的單詞寫在圖畫的旁邊。Step three: 每組選出一名同學(xué),其他同組同學(xué)提問,他作簡(jiǎn)單回答,并說明原因。所需用到的句子:What does he or she look like?He or she ...What is he or she like?He or she is ...Why?Because ...Task 5: 挑戰(zhàn)性活動(dòng)調(diào)查性格是天生的還是后天形成的,讓每個(gè)同學(xué)回家去調(diào)查一下自己成長(zhǎng)過程中性格是否有變化,具體是怎樣的,為什么會(huì)這樣? Teaching Aims:1. Enable students to have a general understanding of how to talk about people's physical appearance.2. Enable students to tackle some essential vocabularies and patterns about describing people. Provide them with necessary skills and methods.3. Create various chances for students to describe the persons they're familiar with, such as classmates, family members, teachers, idols, etc.
Don’t fight. =You can’t fight. (板書,教讀)教師把這些句子板書在黑板上,并請(qǐng)學(xué)生大聲整齊地讀祈使句和“can’t”句型,并讓學(xué)生注意兩種句型表達(dá)形式的不同和轉(zhuǎn)換,“Don’t …=You can’t…”;并對(duì)學(xué)生說:These are our school rules. (板書,教讀) You can’t break the school rules. Don’t break the school rules.(板書,教讀)步驟3 :Practicea. T: Now, each of the students is breaking one of these rules.Please finish 1a.學(xué)生看圖,完成1a的內(nèi)容,檢查答案并大聲朗讀校規(guī)。b. 聽錄音,完成1b,選出四位學(xué)生都違反了哪條校規(guī);聽之前,學(xué)生要讀會(huì)英文名。c. 請(qǐng)兩位學(xué)生朗讀1c部分的句型;要求學(xué)生兩人一組對(duì)話表演,SA扮演外校轉(zhuǎn)來新生,SB告知本校校規(guī)。(學(xué)生可經(jīng)過討論,多說出他們想到的校規(guī),不必只限于書上;教師應(yīng)給予幫助)2) 第二課時(shí)(2a~4)步驟1 :warming up of revisionT: What are the rules at your school?學(xué)生使用“can”或祈使句表達(dá)各條校規(guī);其中老師可引出“eat in the cafeteria outside”的表達(dá)。步驟2 :Practicea.T: Christina is an exchange student. She doesn’t know the rules. Let’s listen, what activities they’re talking about?學(xué)生聽第一遍時(shí),完成2a;第二遍時(shí),完成2b;b. 請(qǐng)學(xué)生領(lǐng)讀2c部分,看著2a完成的表格,理解2c活動(dòng)的要求;分成小組針對(duì)2a進(jìn)行問答;
教學(xué)過程Step 1: warming-up Sing a song---------“food and drink” Step 2: Revision1 Dictation2 Revise: What kind of noodles would you like?I’d like …What size bowl of noodles would you like?I’d like…Step 3: Presentation1 show pictures of food, ask students say the words.2 Students read the newspaper ad in 3a. Fill in blanks with words in the box. Then read the ad together, the teacher explains some difficult language points.3 Check the answers Step 4 PracticeAsk students to finish 3b in the same way according to 3a. Students read the short passage and fill in the blanks .At last, check the answers.Step 5 productionAsk students to write their own ad for dumplings, noodles, drinks, and other foods they know. Then ask students to read their partner’s ad. Then order food and drink from their partner.Step 6 Home workGroup work – make an ad about “food and drink”
五、教學(xué)Section B-2c1. Pair work: What do you think of the belt/sunglasses/…? What does your father/mother/… think of your scarf/belt…?2. Group work(1). Teacher shows some different kinds of school uniforms (制服)and asks : “ What do you think of your school uniforms? If you have a chance to choose your school uniforms, what kind would you like to choose?”(2). Discuss in groups.(3).Get some Ss to report in class.說明:這一步旨在讓學(xué)生運(yùn)用已有的語言知識(shí)談?wù)搶?duì)事物的看法和意見,并簡(jiǎn)單闡明理由,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的主動(dòng)思維能力和運(yùn)用英語的能力。六、教學(xué)拓展調(diào)查電視節(jié)目的收視率任務(wù):調(diào)查你周圍的人對(duì)現(xiàn)在各種電視節(jié)目的反響?;顒?dòng)過程:1.教師布置任務(wù),讓學(xué)生調(diào)查周圍的人(包括他的親戚朋友和鄰居)喜歡收看哪方面的電視節(jié)目。2.學(xué)生進(jìn)行調(diào)查活動(dòng),運(yùn)用本單元所學(xué)的句型What do you think of….? (Why?)What's your favorite game shows?What do you think of talk show?I doesn’t mind it.I like it.I love it.I can’t stand it.3.記錄下排在前10位的TV Program,填寫調(diào)查表,比較其收視率。
單元整體說明(一)單元教材分析本單元的核心話題是描述動(dòng)物和表達(dá)個(gè)人喜好,以及句式why do you like…? Because…。這也是本單元的教學(xué)重點(diǎn)。通過本單元的學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生應(yīng)能較流利地運(yùn)用所學(xué)詞匯和句型描述動(dòng)物,表達(dá)個(gè)人喜好。(二)單元知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)1.詞匯動(dòng)物名稱 tiger, elephant, koala, dolphin, etc.詞匯描述性形容詞: smart, cute, ugly, clever, shy, etc.國(guó)家名: Australia, South Africa2.句型Why do you like koala hears? Because they are cute.Where are pandas from? They're from China.What animals do you like? I like dolphins.(三)單元整體目標(biāo)1.Master the vocabulary2.Master and use: Why do you like koalas? Because they am cute.Where are pandas from? They're from China.What animals do you like? I like dolphins.(四)單元教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)一覽(五)單元學(xué)情分析學(xué)生此前已經(jīng)學(xué)過由why, where, what 引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句句型,具有了學(xué)習(xí)本單元知識(shí)的認(rèn)知前提。形形色色的動(dòng)物能激發(fā)學(xué)生的好奇心,產(chǎn)生了解它們的欲望,這有利于本單元知識(shí)的教學(xué)和學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)興趣的培養(yǎng)。
區(qū)分賓語從句、定于從句和狀語從句賓語從句和狀語從句,都叫做主從復(fù)合句。賓語從句主要是中考必考的,是初中階段必掌握的從句,賓語從句主要是掌握三要素,所謂賓語從句,就是賓語在主從復(fù)合句當(dāng)中充當(dāng)賓語的一個(gè)句子,叫做賓語從句。主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是及物動(dòng)詞,后面如果是詞或者是短語的話,是簡(jiǎn)單句,如果是句子的話,肯定是賓語從句。I know that he good at English.就是賓語從句,三要素,一要素是要注意連詞,連詞一共學(xué)了三類連詞,一類連詞是that口語當(dāng)中可以省略,就像剛才說的那一句,I hear he is good at English.還有疑問代詞、疑問副詞,how where when,疑問代詞、疑問副詞。還有一類連詞weather是否的意思,不是狀語從句當(dāng)中的如果,這一定要和如果區(qū)分開,這是是否。I don't know if he interested at English。賓語從句要注意if是連詞。第二要素是語序,要用陳述舉語序。比如說你家有幾口人,我們都說How many people are there in you family?但是這是簡(jiǎn)單句,一旦說成賓語從句,你可以告訴我你家有幾口人嗎?Could you tell me how many people there are in you family ?
This activity introduces some new vocabulary and provide oral practice using the target language.Task 1 . Ask four students to stand in front of the class, and the teacher asks them the following questions as a reporter.1.What are you going to do when you grow up?2.What are you going to do next week?3.What are going to do after school?The students will give different answers, then ask a good student to report what they said.I am going to e a doctor.What did she say?----------She said she was going to be a doctor.I am going to have a party on Friday night.What did he say?-------He said he was going to have a party on Friday night.I am going to do my homework.What did she say ?------ She said she was going to do her homework.I am going home after school.What did she say?-----She said she was going home after school.Say In this unit we are going to learn to use words like to report what someone said.Task 2. Read the instructions. Then ask a student to read the four questions. And write the words on the Bb. Explain what soap opera is.Task 3. Ask the students to Look at the pictures, point out the TV screens in the picture. Ask one girl to read what Marcia said.What did Marcia say? She said She said she was having a surprise party for Lana on Friday night. Repeat the other pictures in the same way.Activity3. Listen and number the pictures in activity 1a.
Step Ⅱ Show the new words on the screen and teach the new words. Read the new words to students and ask them to repeat.Step Ⅲ 3aThis activity introduces new vocabulary and provides reading practice using the target language.In this activity first look at the four pictures.T: What can you see in the pictures?Ss: Four snow globes.T: Right. There are four snow globes in the pictures. And what are they?Ss: They are a monster, two polar bears, two penguins and a birthday cake.Write these words on the blackboard: snow globe; monster; polar bear; penguin and birthday cake. Read them to the class and ask students to repeat each one. Make sure students understand each word.Use a computer to show the E-mail message on the screen and read the message to students.Get students to read the e-mail on their own, and then draw lines connecting each snow globe and its description.Correct the answers.AnswersA line should connect each snow globe picture with the words that describe it in the letter.Step Ⅳ 3bThis activity provides writing practice using the target language.First review Activity 2a on Page 47.Then ask students to complete the message according to Activity 2a.Some partial sentences are given to students. Write about one person's collection.When students work, walk around the room checking the progress and offering help as needed.When they finish, ask some students to read their messages to the class.
教師帶領(lǐng)學(xué)生復(fù)習(xí)有關(guān)描述寵物的詞匯,采用教師提問學(xué)生回答的方進(jìn)行。如:T:What animals do you think would be good pets?What animals do you think would be bad pets?What do you think are good animals for a six-year-old child?然后學(xué)生進(jìn)行 pairwork 練習(xí)。Task two: 師生互動(dòng),學(xué)習(xí)探究 1、播放3a部分的錄音,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生一邊聽錄音,一邊跟讀。2、通過聽錄音學(xué)生回答以下問題:Why do you think pot-bellied pigs are popular?What are the advantages and disadvantages of keeping such a pet?教師對(duì)學(xué)生的回答進(jìn)行及時(shí)點(diǎn)評(píng)。3.學(xué)習(xí)范文,學(xué)習(xí)重點(diǎn)短語,為下步的模仿寫作提供語言素材。T :1. )Have you ever kept a pig as a pet?Do you like pigs? St.:No.…Why don’t you like to keep a pig? St: No.They’re too dirty and lazy(Do you know in some foreign countries like Hollyland, Australia,pigs are the most popular pet.there’s a kind of pig.(圖)it has an interesting name? it ‘s called a pot-bellied pig.) Now,let’s learn an article about this kind of interesting pet.2.)play the tapeSt.:Listen and repeat3.)show some Qs on computer(本子St.: read silently,then answerthe Qs(本子)4.)Ask ss. Close book and retell this passage.(what is a pot-bellied pig? Is it a good or bad pet? ) St.: retell it to each other“A pot –bellied pig is a popular pet now…”5.read the article together.St.:.practice reading
Step 4. Group work (4)1. Ask a pair of students to read the dialogue. Say, This activity provides speaking, listening and writing practice using the target language.2. Ask students to complete the work in groups.3. Check the answers with the whole class. 4. Explain some of the language points. Step 5. Word review (Self check 1)1. Ask students to read the words and the phrases given. 2. Fill in the blanks with proper forms of these words to complete the sentences. 3. Check the answers with the whole class. Homework:Do activity 2 on page 57 after class. Period 6Teaching aims: 1. Teach vocabulary words and the useful expressions. 2. Enable the students to learn etiquette in different culture. 3. Help the students learn how to behave politely in public places and in daily life. Teaching procedures:Step 1. RevisionHelp students to review the function of making requests through a free talk. Then lead them to the topic of etiquette. Explain the meaning of etiquette. Or, ask students to look it up in the dictionary. Step 2. Pre-reading (Section 1)1. Ask students to read the picture and make a list with their partner about how many rules of etiquette can be seen being broken.
預(yù)設(shè) 第一組:(1)語言精準(zhǔn)又生動(dòng)形象,首先用長(zhǎng)句總寫各拉丹冬的變化多端,然后接連用短句,簡(jiǎn)筆勾勒各拉丹冬巍峨高大、棱角分明的特點(diǎn),張弛有度,富有音樂美感。(2)用語精簡(jiǎn)而準(zhǔn)確,形象性強(qiáng),短促的句子節(jié)奏,很好地表現(xiàn)出冰體形狀之多令人目不暇接,最后部分節(jié)奏放緩,形成一種張弛有度的音樂美,讓句子又融入段落主體比較舒緩的節(jié)奏中去。第二組:(1)將自己的身體不適比喻為“小震”“大地震”,描寫自己由于病痛而行動(dòng)遲緩的“猶如霹靂舞的‘太空步’”,幽默之中,透露出作者樂觀、堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的精神和對(duì)探險(xiǎn)事業(yè)的熱愛。 (2)用“分外利落”形容自己拍攝冰山時(shí)跌倒骨裂的情景,好似沒有痛苦一般。這幽默調(diào)侃之中,透露出作者樂觀、堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的精神。第三組:(1)“眩暈”原指一種癥狀,感覺到自己或周圍的東西旋轉(zhuǎn),這里指“浩浩蒼蒼”的美景令人目不暇接,令人不知該看什么;“賣弄”原指有意顯示、炫耀,含貶義,這里指大自然的無窮創(chuàng)造力在各拉丹冬展現(xiàn)得淋漓盡致。
預(yù)設(shè) 示例:班上分享個(gè)人讀書經(jīng)驗(yàn)大家好!既然今天是交流讀書體會(huì),那么,我想結(jié)合自己的讀書體會(huì)和大家聊聊讀書。一個(gè)愛讀書的民族,必定是一個(gè)文化素質(zhì)較高的民族;一個(gè)愛讀書的人,也必定是一個(gè)文化素質(zhì)較高的人。讀書能開闊我們的視野,提高我們的寫作水平;讀書能提升自身修養(yǎng),豐富我們的人生底蘊(yùn)。讀書是我們精神的呼吸,能讓人保持平淡的心境,變得博愛而無私。為了讓我們的生活和心靈變得輕盈一些,我們需要讀書。那么,應(yīng)該怎樣讀書呢?其一,要擇書而讀。需要的才是最適合的,讀適合的書才能有良多收獲。如果沒有特別需要的書要讀,可以讀經(jīng)典。經(jīng)典是經(jīng)過歲月沉淀下來的人類智慧的結(jié)晶,可以讓我們觸摸先賢的思想,以充實(shí)自身。其二,要讀而有術(shù)。要對(duì)好書反復(fù)品味,將其內(nèi)化吸收,然后進(jìn)行批判性閱讀,有自己的思想主張和拓展探究?jī)r(jià)值判斷;在讀書過程中與作者進(jìn)行辯論,最后形成自己的思想體系,為我所用,而不是讓自己的腦袋成為別人思想的“跑馬場(chǎng)”。