⑦在我看來(lái), 探索太空是值得的。As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space.Step 10 Writing---draftRecently, students in our class have had heated a discussion on whether space is worth exploring. Students hold different ideas about it.30% of us think space exploration is not worthwhile. They think space is too far away from us and our daily life and is a waste of money. And the money spent on space exploration can be used to solve the earth’s problems such as starvation and pollution.On the other hand,70% think space is worth exploring because we have benefited a lot from it,such as using satellites for communication and weather forecast. What’s more,with further space research,we may solve the population problem by moving to other planets one day. Also,space research will enable us to find new sources to solve the problem of energy shortages on the earth.As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space. Not only can it promote the development of society but also enrich our life. Step 11 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1.Does the writer explain why he/she changed/wanted to change?2.Does the writer tell how the changes have improved or will improve his/her life?3.Is the text well-organised?4.Does the writer use words and expressions to show similarities and differences?5.Are there any grammar or spelling errors?6.Does the writer use correct punctuation?
另一方面,其余的人反對(duì)這個(gè)計(jì)劃,因?yàn)樗赡軙?huì)導(dǎo)致一些不好的影響。7.I hold the belief that space exploration not only enable us to understand how the universe began but also help us survived well into the future.我堅(jiān)信探索太空不僅能夠使我們了解宇宙的起源而且能夠幫助我們更好地走進(jìn)未來(lái)。8.I think we should spend more time and money exploring space so as to provide new and better solutions to people's shortterm and longterm problems.為了給人類的短期和長(zhǎng)期問(wèn)題提供更新和更好的解決方法,我認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)該花更多的時(shí)間和金錢來(lái)探索太空。9.From my point of view,it is wrong of young people to depend on their telephones too much,which may do harm to both their physical and mental health.在我看來(lái),年輕人過(guò)度依賴手機(jī)是不對(duì)的,因?yàn)樗鼈兛赡軙?huì)對(duì)他們的身心健康都有害。最近你班同學(xué)就“人類是否應(yīng)該進(jìn)行宇宙探索”這個(gè)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了激烈的討論。有人認(rèn)為,探索宇宙不僅讓人類更好地了解宇宙的發(fā)展,還可以用來(lái)指導(dǎo)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn),以及把一些探索太空的高新技術(shù)用于現(xiàn)實(shí)生活;也有一些人認(rèn)為探索太空花掉了大量的人力物力;影響了人們的生活水平。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下情況寫一篇報(bào)告并發(fā)表自己的觀點(diǎn)。注意:1.寫作內(nèi)容應(yīng)包括以上全部要點(diǎn),可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮,使上下文連貫;
Step 3 Meaning1. 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間來(lái)看將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài), 常用在賓語(yǔ)從句中。一般由“would/should +動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成。She hoped that they would meet again someday. 她希望將來(lái)有一天他們能再見(jiàn)面。2. was/were going to+動(dòng)詞原形: 表示過(guò)去將要發(fā)生或很有可能發(fā)生的動(dòng)作, 常用于口語(yǔ)中, 表示預(yù)言、意圖或者打算等。He was going to start work the following week. 他打算下星期開(kāi)始工作。3. was/were about to do: 常用來(lái)表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作, “剛要/正要做……”。注意該結(jié)構(gòu)不與任何時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。I felt that something terrible was about to happen. 我感到某種可怕的事情即將發(fā)生。4.was/were to do: 表示“曾計(jì)劃做某事”, 如果表示“本來(lái)計(jì)劃做某事, 動(dòng)作沒(méi)實(shí)現(xiàn)”, 則需用 “was/were to have done”。She said she was to have told me about the accident. 她說(shuō)她本來(lái)想告訴我關(guān)于事故的事。5.Start, go, come, leave, see, meet等動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí): 表示就過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻而言即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。She was coming later. 她隨后就來(lái)。I had just put on my overcoat and was leaving to visit a friend of mine. 我剛穿上外套要去看我的一個(gè)朋友。
4. A:We’d like to have someone to say a word at the beginning to welcome the group.B:↙Who?A:We thought that you or Dr.Johnson might do it.B用降調(diào)說(shuō)Who,其意思是問(wèn),對(duì)方想讓誰(shuí)在開(kāi)場(chǎng)時(shí)致歡迎詞。Step 6 Pronunciation---Practice1. Listen to the short conversation and mark the intonation with ↗, ↙ or ↙, ↗. Then discuss with a partner what they intend to convey by using different intonation.Owner: You know what ?↗ It’s a million-pound bank note↙.Waiter 1: Really ?↗(question)Waiter 2: Really !↙(unbelievable and surprised)Waiter 3: Really ?!↙↗(first question then surprised)2. Listen to the conversations. Underline the parts that are stressed and mark the intonation. Then talk about the implied meanings of the responses with different intonations. Listen again and repeat.1) Henry: It’s a nice suit.Owner: Oh, it’s perfect!↙(The intonation means it is very suitable for Henry.)2) Henry: Well, that’s very kind of you.Owner: Kind, sir ?↗(what you said is not right) No, it’s kind of you. You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like. Just having you sit here is a great honour !!↙(welcome you to come again)3)Henry:Well, to be honest, I have none. Oliver:(happily) What luck!(excited) Brother↗, what luck!↙(It means “Didn’t you hear it?”)Henry: Well, it may seem lucky to you but not to me!↗(angry) If this is your idea of some kind of joke, I don’t think it’s very funny. Now if you’ll excuse me, I ought to be on my way.↙(If so, I would leave.)Roderick: Please don’t go↙...(hope Henry can wait for a moment)Part B Viewing and Talking---Describe people’s changing attitudes in a film clipStep 1 Before-listening---Tell the filmYou are going to watch part of the film The Million Pound Bank Note. Look at these photos and guess what happens in the film.
? Could you offer me some kind of work here?? I don’t want your charity, I just want an honest job.? Careless: I landed in Britain by accident.Step 7:Consolidation.? Find Henry? Roderick and Oliver were I .making a bet when they saw Henry, a poor young man. ? Know Henry? About a month ago, Henry was sailing and later he found himself carried out to sea by a strong wind. Fortunately, he 2.was spotted by a ship. And it was the ship that brought him to 3.England? Offer money to Henry ? Oliver and Roderick gave Henry a letter and told him that there was money in it. They 4.persuaded him to accept it, and made him 5.promise that it wouldn't be opened until 2 o'clock.Step 8:Language pointsa large amount of: a large quantity of; a great deal ofe.g. They bought a large amount of furniture before they moved their new house.make a bet: make an arrangement to risk money, etc. on an event of which the result is doubtful.e.g. We made a bet on the result of the match.permit sb to do something: allow somebody to do somethinge.g. My mother doesn’t permit me to ride in the street after it rained.by accident: as a result of chancee.g. I only found it by accident.stare at: look at somebody or something with the eyes wide open in a fixed gaze( in astonishment, wonder, fear, etc)to be honest: to tell you the truth; to be franke.g. To be honest, I don’t think we have a chance of winning.Step7 Homework:What do you think will happen to Henry? Will the bank-note help him or get him into trouble?
2. 您能看到, 我頭發(fā)太長(zhǎng)了。You can see that my hair is much too long.3. 無(wú)論什么時(shí)候, 只要您想回來(lái)就回來(lái)。Please come back whenever you want.4. 您僅有很少的頭發(fā)要理! You only have too little hair to cut !5. 為您服務(wù)是我的榮幸!It is my honour to serve you!Step 9 Writing(Henry is walking down the street when he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to have it cut. )H=Henry B=BarberH: Good afternoon, I’d like to have my hair cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry’s hair and continues cutting another man’s hair. ) Er, I’d really like a haircut. As you can see it’s much too long. B: (in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H: Fine, well, I’ll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber’s chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B: It’s quite expensive here, you know! Are you sure you can afford it?H: Yes. I think so. (After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B: Why Mr. . . (looks shocked)H: Adams. Henry Adams. I’m sorry. I don’t have any change. B: Please don’t worry! (wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about! Nothing at all! Please come back whenever you want, even if you only have too little hair to cut! It will be my honour to serve you!Step 10 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1. Are all the elements of a play included and in good order ?2. Do the character use suitable language ?3. Are the stage directions clear and useful ?4. Is the plot clear and exciting enough ?
氣候變化對(duì)健康的影響 氣候變化對(duì)人體健康的不良影響是不難發(fā)現(xiàn)的:熱浪沖擊頻繁加重可致死亡率及某些疾病、特別是心臟呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病發(fā)病率增加;對(duì)氣候變化敏感的傳染性疾病如瘧疾和登革熱的傳播范圍可能增加。極端氣候事件, 如干旱、水災(zāi)、暴風(fēng)雨等, 使死亡率、傷殘率及傳染病疾病率上升, 并增加社會(huì)心理壓力。某些媒介疾病的加重也可能與氣候變化有間接的關(guān)系, 如瘧疾是通過(guò)蚊子傳播的疾病,氣候變化可能使某些變暖地區(qū)的蚊子數(shù)目增加, 從而加重了瘧疾的發(fā)生。我國(guó)1994年瘧疾的發(fā)病率為5.3408/10萬(wàn), 居全國(guó)法定傳染病的第六位。血吸蟲病的發(fā)展與高溫及灌溉系統(tǒng)的擴(kuò)增有關(guān)。我國(guó)1994年南方12省市血吸蟲病患者的檢出率高達(dá)3.67%,不能忽視氣候變化對(duì)此的可能影響。還有一些疾病,如睡眠病、登革熱、黑熱病等也有與氣候關(guān)系的報(bào)道。另外, CO2、一些空氣污染物如氮氧化物、臭氧等可增加過(guò)敏疾患及心臟呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病和死亡。
1.根據(jù)下面的材料,歸納珠江三角洲發(fā)展基塘生產(chǎn)有利的地理?xiàng)l件。珠江三角洲地勢(shì)低平,河網(wǎng)密布,降水充沛。北回歸線從珠江三角洲的北部穿過(guò)。桑樹和甘蔗主要分布于熱帶和亞熱帶。廣州是古代海上絲綢之路的起始地之一。水產(chǎn)品在廣東人的食物結(jié)構(gòu)中占有較大的比重。點(diǎn)撥珠江三角洲地區(qū)發(fā)展基塘農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)有利條件可以結(jié)合材料,歸納為三個(gè)方面:地形、氣候、市場(chǎng)(當(dāng)?shù)睾秃M猓┚唧w分析略。2.圖4.16所示的基塘生產(chǎn)將哪些產(chǎn)業(yè)聯(lián)系起來(lái)?哪些副產(chǎn)品(或廢棄物)被充分利用起來(lái)?這種聯(lián)系對(duì)農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展有什么作用?點(diǎn)撥基塘生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)將種植業(yè)(桑、蔗等)、養(yǎng)殖業(yè)(養(yǎng)蠶、養(yǎng)魚)、工業(yè)(絲廠、糖廠)等幾種產(chǎn)業(yè)緊密的聯(lián)系在一起。在此環(huán)節(jié)中,塘泥、蠶沙(蠶屎)、蠶蛹、繅絲、濾泥、蔗葉等副產(chǎn)品被充分的回收利用。養(yǎng)蠶業(yè)、蔗糖加工業(yè)同塘魚養(yǎng)殖業(yè)緊密結(jié)合,作為一種綜合的經(jīng)營(yíng),幾者之間相互依存、相互促進(jìn)、揚(yáng)長(zhǎng)補(bǔ)短,有機(jī)地循環(huán)聯(lián)系起來(lái)。
1.閱讀圖5.16,說(shuō)明產(chǎn)業(yè)向國(guó)外轉(zhuǎn)移對(duì)日本經(jīng)濟(jì)的不利影響。點(diǎn)撥:圖5.16直觀的顯示了產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移對(duì)日本經(jīng)濟(jì)的不利影響:形成“產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移出去的多,轉(zhuǎn)移進(jìn)來(lái)的少→國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)投資不足,生產(chǎn)困難→市場(chǎng)萎縮→產(chǎn)業(yè)向外轉(zhuǎn)移,外資不愿進(jìn)入”的惡性循環(huán)。2.盡管重化工業(yè)的環(huán)境污染比較嚴(yán)重,但是卻能為工業(yè)化的發(fā)展提供堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ),因此成為發(fā)達(dá)工業(yè)的象征。日本、韓國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展都經(jīng)歷了由輕工業(yè)(勞動(dòng)密集型)到重化工業(yè)(資源密集型和資金密集型)到高科技工業(yè)(技術(shù)密集型)的階段。(1)為什么日本、韓國(guó)在重點(diǎn)發(fā)展重化工業(yè)之前,要先發(fā)展勞動(dòng)密集型工業(yè)?點(diǎn)撥:重化工業(yè)的發(fā)展一方面需要有一定的工業(yè)基礎(chǔ)和技術(shù)工人,另一方面需要投入大量的資金,先發(fā)展勞動(dòng)密集型工業(yè)有利于利用勞動(dòng)力資源豐富且廉價(jià)的優(yōu)勢(shì),積累資金和造就產(chǎn)業(yè)工人。所以,勞動(dòng)力豐富的發(fā)展中國(guó)家或地區(qū)的工業(yè)化往往從優(yōu)先發(fā)展勞動(dòng)密集型工業(yè)開(kāi)始。
導(dǎo)語(yǔ)在必修第一冊(cè)中,我們研究了函數(shù)的單調(diào)性,并利用函數(shù)單調(diào)性等知識(shí),定性的研究了一次函數(shù)、指數(shù)函數(shù)、對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)增長(zhǎng)速度的差異,知道“對(duì)數(shù)增長(zhǎng)” 是越來(lái)越慢的,“指數(shù)爆炸” 比“直線上升” 快得多,進(jìn)一步的能否精確定量的刻畫變化速度的快慢呢,下面我們就來(lái)研究這個(gè)問(wèn)題。新知探究問(wèn)題1 高臺(tái)跳水運(yùn)動(dòng)員的速度高臺(tái)跳水運(yùn)動(dòng)中,運(yùn)動(dòng)員在運(yùn)動(dòng)過(guò)程中的重心相對(duì)于水面的高度h(單位:m)與起跳后的時(shí)間t(單位:s)存在函數(shù)關(guān)系h(t)=-4.9t2+4.8t+11.如何描述用運(yùn)動(dòng)員從起跳到入水的過(guò)程中運(yùn)動(dòng)的快慢程度呢?直覺(jué)告訴我們,運(yùn)動(dòng)員從起跳到入水的過(guò)程中,在上升階段運(yùn)動(dòng)的越來(lái)越慢,在下降階段運(yùn)動(dòng)的越來(lái)越快,我們可以把整個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)間段分成許多小段,用運(yùn)動(dòng)員在每段時(shí)間內(nèi)的平均速度v ?近似的描述它的運(yùn)動(dòng)狀態(tài)。
The theme of this unit focuses on “space exploration.” Students will learn about the training and experience needed to become an astronaut. The text is mainly about the development of space exploration. On the one hand, the text helps students to have a good understanding about the great feats humans have achieved, on the other hand, they will further understand the contributions that we Chinese have achieved, and feel confident and proud about our homeland and strengthen their love for our country. The teacher should instruct students to aim high and study harder to make great progress in the space career if possible.1. Read about the development and value of space exploration.2. Explore the mysteries of the universe and the achievements in space exploration.3. Skillfully use the vocabulary of this text to cultivate self-study ability 4. Develop cooperative learning ability through discussion.1. Enable the Ss to talk about the development and value of space exploration.2. Guide the Ss to summarize the main idea of each paragraph as well as the main idea of the text.3. Help Ss comprehend the main reasons for space exploration. Multi-media, textbook, notebooks.Step 1: Warming up and predictionLook at the title and the pictures of the text and predict what the text will be about?2. What are the main reasons for space exploration?
Step 4: Listen again and decide if the following statements are true (T) or false (F).1 It was the first time Chen Liyan's story was reported. T口 F口2 Chen found 10,000 yuan in a small plastic bag in Taiyuan railway station口 F口3 Wang Zheng apologized to Chen because he couldn't offer her more money. T口 F口4 Chen took out a large loan to cure her daughter, T口 F口5 Wang set up a fundraising website for Chen's daughter after Chen told him about her situation. T口 F口Step 5:After listening, discuss the questions.1 What kind of person do you think Chen Liyan is?Chen Liyan is generous and honest because she returned a large sum of money to the owner.2 Did Chen return the money because she didn't need it?No. She returned the money because it was the right thing to do. Evidence for this is that she refused to accept the reward money because she felt that it had not been earned. 3 Is it common for people to do what Chen did?It depends on the culture. In some countries it is quite common to return money that has been found. In other countries, people believe "Finders are keepers!" 4 How did Wang Zheng feel about the return of his money?He must have been very happy and relieved to have gotten his money back. We know this because he thanked Chen repeatedly and even offered her a reward.5 Why did Ma Dongbao tell Wang about Chen's family?He must have had great sympathy for Chen and her daughter and wanted to help them.'We know this because he arranged help for them. 6 How did the news reporter feel about Chen's actions?The news reporter felt that it showed that money wasn't the most important thing in life. We know this because the reporter told us that this is what Chen believes. and then said, “that's a great attitude to take."
【參考范文】Narrator:(Henry is smiling as he leaves the restaurant. As he is walking down the street, he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to get it cut. )H=Henry;B=Barber;R=rude manH:Good afternoon, I'd like to get a cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry's hair and continues cutting another man's hair. )Er, I'd really like a haircut. As you can see it's much too long. B:(in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H:Fine, well I'll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber's chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B:It's quite expensive here, you know!Are you sure you can afford it?H:Yes. I think so. (In comes the rude man. )R:Hey you there. I need a haircut quickly. Can you do me straightaway?B:All right, then, get in the chair and I'll see what I can do. R:Thank you. (sits down in one of the barber's chairs)H:Excuse me, but I was here first. Aren't you going to do my hair first?B:This man's in a hurry. H:Well so am I!I insist that you cut my hair first. B:OK, but I'll have to be quick. This gentleman is waiting. H:Thank you. (They both become quiet. After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B:Why, Mr . . . (looks shocked)H:Adams. Henry Adams. I'm sorry, I don't have any change. R:You're that Mr Adams! Well,I'm glad I waited or I might never have known it was you. B:Why, Mr Adams, please don't worry!(wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about!Nothing at all!Please come back any time, even if you only need too little hairs cut!It will be my honour to serve you!
4.They were going to find someone to take part in their bet when they saw Henry walking on the street outside.[歸納]1.過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)的基本構(gòu)成和用法過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)由“would+動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成,主要表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間來(lái)看將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作(尤其用于賓語(yǔ)從句中),還可以表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作習(xí)慣或傾向。Jeff knew he would be tired the next day.He promised that he would not open the letter until 2 o'clock.She said that she wouldn't do that again.2.表示過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)的其他表達(dá)法(1)was/were going to+動(dòng)詞原形:該結(jié)構(gòu)有兩個(gè)主要用法,一是表示過(guò)去的打算,二是表示在過(guò)去看來(lái)有跡象表明將要發(fā)生某事。I thought it was going to rain.(2)was/were to+動(dòng)詞原形:主要表示過(guò)去按計(jì)劃或安排要做的事情。She said she was to get married next month.(3)was/were about to+動(dòng)詞原形:表示在過(guò)去看來(lái)即將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,由于本身已含有“即將”的意味,所以不再與表示具體的將來(lái)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。I was about to go to bed when the phone rang.(4)was/were+現(xiàn)在分詞:表示在過(guò)去看來(lái)即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,通常可用于該結(jié)構(gòu)中的動(dòng)詞是come,go,leave,arrive,begin,start,stop,close,open,die,join,borrow,buy等瞬間動(dòng)詞。Jack said he was leaving tomorrow.
這幾段內(nèi)容傳達(dá)出的是“要敬畏生命,尊重生命;更要敬畏大自然,尊重大自然,愛(ài)護(hù)大自然”的主旨內(nèi)涵,因此讓學(xué)生通過(guò)自由朗讀的方式,再次體會(huì)馮至對(duì)這個(gè)消逝了的山村的細(xì)致的美好的描繪,感悟馮至傳達(dá)出的對(duì)生命,對(duì)自然的理解和思考。5.最后一個(gè)自然段的解讀依然是交給學(xué)生,先齊讀課文,再讓學(xué)生自主分享自己的體會(huì)或疑惑。但在這一環(huán)節(jié)我也設(shè)計(jì)了兩個(gè)我認(rèn)為必須解答的兩個(gè)問(wèn)題,一是怎么理解“在風(fēng)雨如晦的時(shí)刻”;二是“意味不盡的關(guān)聯(lián)”是指什么。我認(rèn)為這兩個(gè)問(wèn)題一個(gè)涉及到寫作背景,一個(gè)涉及到對(duì)全文主旨的一個(gè)整體把握,能夠進(jìn)一步幫助學(xué)生理解散文的深刻內(nèi)涵和主旨,讓學(xué)生有意識(shí)的在閱讀散文過(guò)程中通過(guò)背景知識(shí)進(jìn)行理解。既尊重學(xué)生的個(gè)性化解讀,又能夠讓學(xué)生有意義學(xué)習(xí),完成預(yù)設(shè)的教學(xué)目標(biāo)。如果學(xué)生沒(méi)有提到這兩處,那我就需要做出補(bǔ)充。
本節(jié)課是新版教材人教A版普通高中課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)實(shí)驗(yàn)教科書數(shù)學(xué)必修1第四章第4.5.1節(jié)《函數(shù)零點(diǎn)與方程的解》,由于學(xué)生已經(jīng)學(xué)過(guò)一元二次方程與二次函數(shù)的關(guān)系,本節(jié)課的內(nèi)容就是在此基礎(chǔ)上的推廣。從而建立一般的函數(shù)的零點(diǎn)概念,進(jìn)一步理解零點(diǎn)判定定理及其應(yīng)用。培養(yǎng)和發(fā)展學(xué)生數(shù)學(xué)直觀、數(shù)學(xué)抽象、邏輯推理和數(shù)學(xué)建模的核心素養(yǎng)。1、了解函數(shù)(結(jié)合二次函數(shù))零點(diǎn)的概念;2、理 解函數(shù)零點(diǎn)與方程的根以及函數(shù)圖象與x軸交點(diǎn)的關(guān)系,掌握零點(diǎn)存在性定理的運(yùn)用;3、在認(rèn)識(shí)函數(shù)零點(diǎn)的過(guò)程中,使學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)認(rèn)識(shí)事物的特殊性與一般性之間的關(guān)系,培養(yǎng)數(shù)學(xué)數(shù)形結(jié)合及函數(shù)思想; a.數(shù)學(xué)抽象:函數(shù)零點(diǎn)的概念;b.邏輯推理:零點(diǎn)判定定理;c.數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算:運(yùn)用零點(diǎn)判定定理確定零點(diǎn)范圍;d.直觀想象:運(yùn)用圖形判定零點(diǎn);e.數(shù)學(xué)建模:運(yùn)用函數(shù)的觀點(diǎn)方程的根;
一、描述圓周運(yùn)動(dòng)的物理量 探究交流 打籃球的同學(xué)可能玩過(guò)轉(zhuǎn)籃球,讓籃球在指尖旋轉(zhuǎn),展示自己的球技,如圖5-4-1所示.若籃球正繞指尖所在的豎直軸旋轉(zhuǎn),那么籃球上不同高度的各點(diǎn)的角速度相同嗎?線速度相同嗎? 【提示】 籃球上各點(diǎn)的角速度是相同的.但由于不同高度的各點(diǎn)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)時(shí)的圓心、半徑不同,由v=ωr可知不同高度的各點(diǎn)的線速度不同.
(一)說(shuō)教材 《虞美人》選自高中語(yǔ)文統(tǒng)編版必修上冊(cè)·古詩(shī)詞誦讀?!队菝廊恕肥窃~中的代表作品,是李煜生命中最為重要的一首詞作,極具藝術(shù)魅力,對(duì)于陶冶學(xué)生的情操,豐富和積淀學(xué)生的人文素養(yǎng)意義非凡。(二)說(shuō)學(xué)情總體來(lái)說(shuō),所教班級(jí)的學(xué)生基礎(chǔ)不強(qiáng),學(xué)習(xí)意識(shí)略有偏差,在學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中需要教師深入淺出,不斷創(chuàng)造動(dòng)口、動(dòng)手、動(dòng)腦的機(jī)會(huì),他們才能更好地達(dá)成教學(xué)目標(biāo)。(三)說(shuō)教學(xué)目標(biāo)根據(jù)教學(xué)內(nèi)容和學(xué)情分析,確定如下教學(xué)目標(biāo)(1)探究這首詞的內(nèi)涵,了解李煜及其創(chuàng)作風(fēng)格。(2)通過(guò)對(duì)本詞的品析,提高詞的鑒賞能力。(3)通過(guò)對(duì)比閱讀,體會(huì)李煜詞 “赤子之心” 、“以血書者”的特色,體味其深沉的亡國(guó)之恨和故國(guó)之思。
一、情境導(dǎo)學(xué)我國(guó)著名數(shù)學(xué)家吳文俊先生在《數(shù)學(xué)教育現(xiàn)代化問(wèn)題》中指出:“數(shù)學(xué)研究數(shù)量關(guān)系與空間形式,簡(jiǎn)單講就是形與數(shù),歐幾里得幾何體系的特點(diǎn)是排除了數(shù)量關(guān)系,對(duì)于研究空間形式,你要真正的‘騰飛’,不通過(guò)數(shù)量關(guān)系,我想不出有什么好的辦法…….”吳文俊先生明確地指出中學(xué)幾何的“騰飛”是“數(shù)量化”,也就是坐標(biāo)系的引入,使得幾何問(wèn)題“代數(shù)化”,為了使得空間幾何“代數(shù)化”,我們引入了坐標(biāo)及其運(yùn)算.二、探究新知一、空間直角坐標(biāo)系與坐標(biāo)表示1.空間直角坐標(biāo)系在空間選定一點(diǎn)O和一個(gè)單位正交基底{i,j,k},以點(diǎn)O為原點(diǎn),分別以i,j,k的方向?yàn)檎较?、以它們的長(zhǎng)為單位長(zhǎng)度建立三條數(shù)軸:x軸、y軸、z軸,它們都叫做坐標(biāo)軸.這時(shí)我們就建立了一個(gè)空間直角坐標(biāo)系Oxyz,O叫做原點(diǎn),i,j,k都叫做坐標(biāo)向量,通過(guò)每?jī)蓚€(gè)坐標(biāo)軸的平面叫做坐標(biāo)平面,分別稱為Oxy平面,Oyz平面,Ozx平面.
二、直線與拋物線的位置關(guān)系設(shè)直線l:y=kx+m,拋物線:y2=2px(p>0),將直線方程與拋物線方程聯(lián)立整理成關(guān)于x的方程k2x2+2(km-p)x+m2=0.(1)若k≠0,當(dāng)Δ>0時(shí),直線與拋物線相交,有兩個(gè)交點(diǎn);當(dāng)Δ=0時(shí),直線與拋物線相切,有一個(gè)切點(diǎn);當(dāng)Δ<0時(shí),直線與拋物線相離,沒(méi)有公共點(diǎn).(2)若k=0,直線與拋物線有一個(gè)交點(diǎn),此時(shí)直線平行于拋物線的對(duì)稱軸或與對(duì)稱軸重合.因此直線與拋物線有一個(gè)公共點(diǎn)是直線與拋物線相切的必要不充分條件.二、典例解析例5.過(guò)拋物線焦點(diǎn)F的直線交拋物線于A、B兩點(diǎn),通過(guò)點(diǎn)A和拋物線頂點(diǎn)的直線交拋物線的準(zhǔn)線于點(diǎn)D,求證:直線DB平行于拋物線的對(duì)稱軸.【分析】設(shè)拋物線的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程為:y2=2px(p>0).設(shè)A(x1,y1),B(x2,y2).直線OA的方程為: = = ,可得yD= .設(shè)直線AB的方程為:my=x﹣ ,與拋物線的方程聯(lián)立化為y2﹣2pm﹣p2=0,