環(huán)節(jié)四 課堂小結(jié) 鞏固知識(shí)本節(jié)課我采用線索性的板書(shū),整個(gè)知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)一目了然,為了充分發(fā)揮學(xué)生在課堂的主體地位,我將課堂小結(jié)交由學(xué)生完成,請(qǐng)學(xué)生根據(jù)課堂學(xué)習(xí)的內(nèi)容,結(jié)合我的板書(shū)設(shè)計(jì)來(lái)進(jìn)行小結(jié),以此來(lái)幫助教師在第一時(shí)間掌握學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)信息的反饋,同時(shí)培養(yǎng)學(xué)生歸納分析能力、概括能力。環(huán)節(jié)五 情景回歸,情感升華我的實(shí)習(xí)指導(dǎo)老師告訴過(guò)我們,政治這一門(mén)學(xué)科要從生活中來(lái)到生活去,所以在課堂的最后布置課外作業(yè),以此培養(yǎng)學(xué)生對(duì)理論的實(shí)際運(yùn)用能力,同時(shí)檢驗(yàn)他們對(duì)知識(shí)的真正掌握情況,以此達(dá)到情感的升華,本節(jié)課,我根據(jù)建構(gòu)主義理論,強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)生是學(xué)習(xí)的中心,學(xué)生是知識(shí)意義的主動(dòng)建構(gòu)者,是信息加工的主體,要強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)生在課堂中的參與性、以及探究性,不僅讓他們懂得知識(shí),更讓他們相信知識(shí),并且將知識(shí)融入到實(shí)踐當(dāng)中去,最終達(dá)到知、情、意、行的統(tǒng)一。
環(huán)節(jié)四 課堂小結(jié) 鞏固知識(shí)本節(jié)課我采用線索性的板書(shū),整個(gè)知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)一目了然,為了充分發(fā)揮學(xué)生在課堂的主體地位,我將課堂小結(jié)交由學(xué)生完成,請(qǐng)學(xué)生根據(jù)課堂學(xué)習(xí)的內(nèi)容,結(jié)合我的板書(shū)設(shè)計(jì)來(lái)進(jìn)行小結(jié),以此來(lái)幫助教師在第一時(shí)間掌握學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)信息的反饋,同時(shí)培養(yǎng)學(xué)生歸納分析能力、概括能力。環(huán)節(jié)五 情景回歸,情感升華我的實(shí)習(xí)指導(dǎo)老師告訴過(guò)我們,政治這一門(mén)學(xué)科要從生活中來(lái)到生活去,所以在課堂的最后要求學(xué)生以小組為單位給當(dāng)?shù)卣?fù)責(zé)人寫(xiě)一份《關(guān)于提升政府權(quán)威的建議書(shū)》,以此培養(yǎng)學(xué)生對(duì)理論的實(shí)際運(yùn)用能力,同時(shí)檢驗(yàn)他們對(duì)知識(shí)的真正掌握情況,以此達(dá)到情感的升華,本節(jié)課,我根據(jù)建構(gòu)主義理論,強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)生是學(xué)習(xí)的中心,學(xué)生是知識(shí)意義的主動(dòng)建構(gòu)者,是信息加工的主體,要強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)生在課堂中的參與性、以及探究性,不僅讓他們懂得知識(shí),更讓他們相信知識(shí),并且將知識(shí)融入到實(shí)踐當(dāng)中去,最終達(dá)到知、情、意、行的統(tǒng)一。引導(dǎo)學(xué)生回憶鞏固所學(xué)的知識(shí),通過(guò)收集資料、主題研討何提出合理化建議等形式,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生關(guān)注政府的權(quán)威,懂得樹(shù)立何維護(hù)政府的權(quán)威,有深遠(yuǎn)的歷史意義何現(xiàn)實(shí)意義,進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)對(duì)政府的認(rèn)同感。
提問(wèn):結(jié)合課本找出城市地域結(jié)構(gòu)模式的類(lèi)型及各自特點(diǎn),模式形成的因素又有哪些?學(xué)生回答,使其掌握基本模式及特點(diǎn),通過(guò)對(duì)比,分析把握每一模式各自的特征,學(xué)會(huì)把握事物本質(zhì)?!粼O(shè)計(jì)意圖:閱讀課本,總結(jié)歸納,同時(shí)引導(dǎo),通過(guò)原因規(guī)律的探究,大膽設(shè)想,總結(jié)規(guī)律掌握人文地理學(xué)習(xí)思路。4.活動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì):內(nèi)部空間結(jié)構(gòu)變化,結(jié)合實(shí)例,分析說(shuō)明。提問(wèn):結(jié)合江寧區(qū)的變化,分析江寧區(qū)城市結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生了哪些變化?結(jié)合課本24頁(yè)活動(dòng)題,提出功能結(jié)構(gòu)布局方案?通過(guò)理論聯(lián)系實(shí)際,讓學(xué)生更好理解理論,掌握城市結(jié)構(gòu)布局的變化及其影響因素,通過(guò)活動(dòng)題方案的提出,學(xué)生能夠掌握布局的規(guī)律性,解決問(wèn)題。設(shè)計(jì)意圖:理論聯(lián)系實(shí)際,知識(shí)的不枯燥性,提高學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)興趣。同時(shí),能夠通過(guò)總結(jié),深層次認(rèn)識(shí)城市結(jié)構(gòu)布局,活學(xué)活用。
(二)課堂教學(xué)在教學(xué)中,無(wú)論是形式還是內(nèi)容,都必須統(tǒng)一于學(xué)生的發(fā)展。從形式上說(shuō),以學(xué)生展示、思考、討論為主,教師點(diǎn)撥為輔,在一定的情境與社會(huì)文化背景下,獲得對(duì)傳統(tǒng)文化的認(rèn)識(shí)和理解。從內(nèi)容上說(shuō),主要以福州地方傳統(tǒng)文化為素材,圍繞海峽兩岸同時(shí)舉辦的“元霄燈會(huì)”為主線,回歸到學(xué)生的生活世界,更有效地激發(fā)起學(xué)生情感,并將生活世界與知識(shí)世界銜接起來(lái),在實(shí)際情景中分析傳授相關(guān)傳統(tǒng)文化的知識(shí),提高學(xué)生認(rèn)識(shí)和分析解決問(wèn)題的能力,逐步形成對(duì)傳統(tǒng)文化的情感和價(jià)值判斷。教學(xué)過(guò)程,緊緊圍繞傳統(tǒng)文化,分為“激趣導(dǎo)入--活動(dòng)感悟--探究思辯--升華導(dǎo)行”四個(gè)層次,環(huán)環(huán)相扣,逐步推進(jìn),幫助學(xué)生完成由感性認(rèn)識(shí)到理性認(rèn)識(shí)的飛躍。1.激趣導(dǎo)入良好的開(kāi)端是成功的一半。德國(guó)的普克朗認(rèn)為:“思考可以構(gòu)成一座橋,讓我們通向新知識(shí)”。因此,一開(kāi)始,我就運(yùn)用對(duì)比方法,進(jìn)行設(shè)問(wèn),福州和西安、南京、北京一樣也是歷史文化名城,你們同意嗎?
根據(jù)課標(biāo)要求,參照教科書(shū),支撐這一問(wèn)題解決的知識(shí)有:⑴文化生活的特點(diǎn);⑵文化生活的兩面性;⑶發(fā)展文化生活的基本要求。其中重點(diǎn)問(wèn)題是辨別文化生活的“喜”與“憂”。只有辨別清楚,才能趨利避害,才能積極主動(dòng)的參與健康向上的文化生活。從而為怎樣發(fā)展為人民大眾所喜聞樂(lè)見(jiàn)的文化打下基礎(chǔ)。由于高二學(xué)生尚未學(xué)習(xí)哲學(xué)知識(shí),所以它也是本節(jié)的一個(gè)難點(diǎn),同時(shí),由于學(xué)術(shù)界對(duì)什么是大眾文化,大眾文化有那些基本特征,存在著分歧,所以正確把握大眾文化的含義也成為本節(jié)課的一個(gè)難點(diǎn)。三、學(xué)情分析:應(yīng)該說(shuō)高二學(xué)生已經(jīng)參與了不少的文化生活。但由于其正處在三觀形成的關(guān)鍵時(shí)期,對(duì)文化生活的參與還比較盲目,缺少理性思考,以至付出沉重的代價(jià)。很顯然通過(guò)本框的學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生會(huì)更加理性的參與文化生活,從而健康茁壯的發(fā)展、成長(zhǎng)。四、教學(xué)目標(biāo):基于以上分析,我將本框題的教學(xué)目標(biāo)確定為以下三個(gè)方面:(1)知識(shí)目標(biāo):了解目前我國(guó)文化生活的現(xiàn)狀,知道人們的文化生活是色彩斑斕的,但也存在令人憂慮的現(xiàn)象;把握大眾文化的豐富內(nèi)涵;明確發(fā)展為人民大眾所喜聞樂(lè)見(jiàn)的文化必須堅(jiān)持的原則、方針等。
This theme of the part is “ Describe people or things in greater detail”. Students have learned the grammar(restrictive relative clauses) in Book 1, and further review and consolidate its structure “prep+relative pronouns(which/whom)” and the relative adverbs(when, where and why), besides students should understand its form, meaning and functions. In this section, students should be able to express the grammar correctly in daily communication and in the writing. 1. Review the basic usages of relative pronouns and adverbs of attributive clauses . 2. Learn to use some special cases about restrictive relative clauses.3. Learn to write sentences with restrictive relative clauses flexibly according to the context.1. Review the basic usages of relative pronouns and adverbs of attributive clauses .2. Learn to use some special cases about restrictive relative clauses.3. Learn tow rite sentences with restrictive relative clauses flexibly according to the context.Step 1. Observe the following sentences, and mark the relative pronouns and the adverbs. 1. After listening to the scientists who had studied the problems, and citizens who lived near the dam, the government turned to the United Nations for help.2. Temples and other cultural sites were taken down piece by piece, and then moved and put back together again in a place where they were safe from the water.Step 2 PracticePlease complete these sentences with relative pronouns and relative adverbs and answer the following questions.Questions: 1. What is the head noun ?2. What relative words should be used ?3. What elements do they act in these sentences ?
(5)be to do (可以和具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用)①表示按計(jì)劃、安排即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。②用于時(shí)間、條件狀語(yǔ)從句中,表示“如果要……,想要……”。The students are to meet at the school gate tomorrow. 明天學(xué)生們將在學(xué)校大門(mén)口集會(huì)。 If you are to succeed, you must work as hard as possible. 如果你想要成功,比必須努力工作。(6)be about to do (不與具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用) 表示即將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。We are about to start. 我們就要出發(fā)了。The new school year is about to begin. 新學(xué)年開(kāi)學(xué)在即。(7)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)①表示按時(shí)間表規(guī)定將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。常限于表示位置移動(dòng)的短暫性動(dòng)詞。②在時(shí)間、條件或讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中,用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)。Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026 takes off at 18:20. 你看看時(shí)刻表,快點(diǎn)!4026次航班的起飛時(shí)間是下午6點(diǎn)20分。Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves in half an hour. 簡(jiǎn)很匆忙,因?yàn)槿C(jī)場(chǎng)的火車(chē)半小時(shí)后出發(fā)。
無(wú)論她說(shuō)什么都不會(huì)對(duì)我們的安排有影響。Answers: for, arrangement3) Parents arrange everything for their children and spare no effort to pave the way for their success.父母為孩子安排好一切,不遺余力地為他們的成功鋪路。4. extremely adv 極其,非常extreme adj 非常的1) Mary found it extremely difficult to get a job.2) I’m extremely sorry to have troubled you.Answers:瑪麗發(fā)現(xiàn)找工作極其困難。給你添了麻煩,我十分抱歉。3) It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved _________ (extreme) popular with the public.它有白色的隧道和明亮的紅色車(chē)廂,結(jié)果證明它非常受大眾的歡迎。Answers: extremelyExercises1. I am continuing to apply_______ jobs though I have failed several times.2. All this had an _______ (extremely) bad effect on the criminal justice system.3. The invention would have wide ______ (apply) in industry.4. She’s happy with her unusual living _________ (arrange).5. I was banging so loudly that I’m ___________ (amaze) that they didn’t hear me.6. You haven’t changed at all you still look ___________ (exact) the same.7. “Was it what you expected?” “Yes, _________ (definite).”8. He was looking forward to______ (work) with the newPrime Minister. Answers: for extreme application arrangement amazed exactly definitely looking單句寫(xiě)作:1. _______________ (你要說(shuō)些什么) when you get on the platform to accept the reward?2. Since_____________________(我們?yōu)檫@些事情做好了準(zhǔn)備), we have nothing to worry about.
Good expressions that students can choose to use: help the travelers choose which tour to take1. In my opinion, you could/might choose…, because you prefer to…2. …could be a perfect choice for you, for…3. As far as I am concerned, you would enjoy…, for…4. …would probably suit you, because you enjoy/love/hate doing…Step 5 Passage ConsolidationLanguage appreciation:1. You can then spend three days exploring the rainforest with a local guide and enjoying the plants and animals unique to the rainforest. 在接下來(lái)的三天里,您可以在當(dāng)?shù)貙?dǎo)游的陪同下,深入雨林進(jìn)行探索,欣賞雨林特有的動(dòng)植物。本句主體結(jié)構(gòu)為spend some time doing sth. 2. Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other than the perfect fit of the stones. 印加的建筑工人將石頭切割成精確的尺寸,僅僅憑著石頭間的完美契合,即可穩(wěn)固墻體。本句為so that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。nothing與the perfect fit為并列成分; other than在句中意為“除了”。Step 6 HomeworkSuppose you will travel to Peru, write a short essay about your three-day tour plan.
Is there a clear purpose for the trip? :Does each paragraph have a clear main idea? Does the writer use the present continuous tense for future plans?Does the writer use commas, stops, and question marks correctly? Are all the words spelt correctly?Are all the proper nouns capitalized?Revise your draft according to your partner's comments.Step 5:The summary of how to write a travel plan.旅游計(jì)劃是一種常見(jiàn)的應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作。旅游可分為觀光游、文化游、美食游及探險(xiǎn)游等不同類(lèi)型,因此旅游計(jì)劃也要根據(jù)不同的旅游目的進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)。常規(guī)的旅游計(jì)劃需要明確以下幾個(gè)方面的問(wèn)題:Travel planWhen will you leave for? Where is your the destination?How will you get there?What will you do there?How long will you there?Is there a clear purpose for the trip? 為了提升旅行計(jì)劃的層級(jí),還需注意以下幾個(gè)方面的問(wèn)題:1.每段是否有明確清晰的主題;2.用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí);3.用更高級(jí)的形容詞詞匯。例如:表達(dá)“好”時(shí),不要總用“nice”,我們還可以用“smart, clean, excellent, exciting, beautiful, wonderful, clever, famous, grand”等表達(dá)更具有指向性的詞匯;4.用更高級(jí)的動(dòng)詞詞匯。比如:我們可以用“seem stand, lie .get stay, remain, look . sound, become . keep, grow”等代替"be";
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “Take part in a youth project”. The listening text is an interview about an international youth cultural heritage protection project. More than 20 high school students from seven countries participated in the project. The reporter interviewed two participants Stephanie and Liu Bin. By listening to the text, students can understand the significance of cultural heritage protection, and teenagers can use their knowledge, combine their own interests and advantages, etc. to participate in the action of cultural heritage protection. Listening and Talking introduces the theme of "Talk about history and culture". The listening text is a dialogue between two tourists and tour guides when they visit the Kremlin, red square and surrounding buildings. The dialogue focuses on the functional items of "starting a conversation", which is used to politely and appropriately attract the attention of the others, so as to smoothly start a conversation or start a new topic. The purpose of this section is to guide students to understand the history and current situation of Chinese and foreign cultural heritage in their own tourism experiences or from other people's tourism experiences, explore the historical and cultural values, and be able to express accurately and appropriately in oral communication.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of the whole and key details; 2. Cultivate students' ability to guess the meaning of words in listening; discuss with their peers how to participate in cultural heritage protection activities.3. Instruct students to use functional sentences of the dialogue such as “I beg your pardon, but…” “Forgive me for asking, but…" and so on to start the conversation more politely and appropriately.
1. This section focuses on "Understanding how a problem was solved”, which is aimed to guide students to analyze and discuss the challenges and problems faced by cultural heritage protection during the construction of Aswan Dam, as well as the solutions. On the basis of understanding, students should pay attention to the key role of international cooperation in solving problems, and attach importance to the balance and coordination between cultural heritage protection and social and economic development. Students are encouraged to face challenges actively, be good at cooperation, and make continuous efforts to find reasonable ways and means to solve problems.2. Enable students to understand the main information and text structure of the reading text;3. Motivate students to use the reading strategy "make a timeline" according to the appropriate text genre;4. Enable students to understand how a problem was solved;5. Enable students to understand the value of protecting cultural heritage by teamwork and global community;1. Guide students to pay attention to reading strategies, such as prediction, self-questioning and scanning.2. Help students sort out the topic language about protecting cultural relics and understand the narrative characteristics of "time-event" in illustrative style3. Lead students to understand the value of protecting cultural heritage by teamwork and global community;
The theme of the reading and thinking is about “Understanding how a problem was solved”.The Listening & Speaking & Talking is about international co-work to protect the Mount Tai, in which the students from seven countries came up with many solutions even create the Mount Tai App. This section aims at showing how to solve a difficult and even tough problem about protecting the cultural heritage by the international co-work. So in this section, cultivating students’ international awareness is very clear and important. Concretely, with the economic development, how to balance the protection of cultural relics and social development is a big challenge for human. In the 1950s, the Egyptian government wanted to build the Aswan Dam across the Nile to control floods, produce electricity and water farms. But the proposal led to protests because it would destroy a lot of cultural relics. The Egyptian had no choice but ask the UN for help. Therefore, a international cooperation about how to protect the cultural relics began, which involved the time length about 20 years and a large amount of fund. Then, the problems was solved. 1. Read quickly to get the main idea and the structure of the article; read careful to get detailed information.2. Learn to use the reading strategy---making a timeline3. Learn how to solve a tough problem by asking for help and cooperation4. Have the international awareness and understand the great strength of international cooperation.1. Read quickly to get the main idea and the structure of the article; read careful to get detailed information.2. Learn to use the reading strategy---making a timeline.3. Learn how to solve a tough problem by asking for help and cooperation.
This report is short, concise and has typical news content and language features. The title uses the verb phrases, embodying the characteristics of being concise and general. The introduction is the first two sentences in the first paragraph, describing the general situation of the cultural heritage protection project, including time, place, characters, events and other news elements, so that readers can see the main points of the news report at a glance. The main body is the second and third paragraphs, which report the important historical and cultural value of Mogao Grottoes and the production of Mogao Grottoes Material digital photos, which are of great significance to the inheritance of historical culture and the promotion of international cultural understanding, exchange and cooperation. Direct citation is used in the report, as well as background introduction and other news writing techniques.1. Get students to have a good understanding of some features about a news report by reading the text.2. Instruct students to write a summary about a news report properly using some newly acquired writing skills in this period.3. Develop students’ writing and cooperating abilities.4. Strengthen students’ great interest in writing discourses.1. Stimulate students to have a good understanding of how to a summary about a news report 2. Cultivate students to write a news report properly and concisely.Step 1: Lead in Do you think it is necessary for us to circulate our cultural heritage to the world? Why or why not?Do we need to learn more about other countries’ cultural heritage? Why or why not?Step 2: Read to discover details concerning the main body of the news report.
This teaching period mainly deals with grammar “restrictive relative clauses.” To begin with, teachers should lead students to revise what they have learned about the relative pronouns and relative adverbs. And then, teachers move on to stress more special cases concerning this grammar, such as the “preposition+ relative pronouns which and whom” and cases where we can omit the relative pronouns. This period carries considerable significance to the cultivation of students’ writing competence and lays a solid foundation for the basic appreciation of language beauty. The teacher is expected to enable students to master this period thoroughly and consolidate the knowledge by doing some exercises. 1. Guide students to review the basic usages of relative pronouns and adverbs of attributive clauses.2. Lead students to learn to use some special cases concerning restrictive relative clauses flexibly.2. Enable students to use the basic phrases structures flexibly.3. Strengthen students’ great interest in grammar learning.1. Help students to appreciate the function of relative pronouns and adverbs of attributive clauses in a sentence2. Instruct students to write essays using the proper relative pronouns and adverbs of attributive clauses.本節(jié)語(yǔ)法思考:定語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中的作用是什么? 關(guān)系詞有哪些?定語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中的作用相當(dāng)于形容詞,它在句中作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞或代詞。他們?cè)谙刃性~和定語(yǔ)從句之間起到聯(lián)系作用,同時(shí)在意義上代表先行詞并在定語(yǔ)從句中擔(dān)任一個(gè)成分。被定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的詞稱(chēng)先行詞,定語(yǔ)從句一般放在先行詞的后面。
這兩章是對(duì)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)場(chǎng)面的描寫(xiě)。寫(xiě)的是戰(zhàn)車(chē)、戰(zhàn)馬、象弭、魚(yú)服以及士兵的勞累奔波、饑渴難當(dāng),通過(guò)這些具體生動(dòng)的細(xì)節(jié)描寫(xiě)來(lái)展現(xiàn)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)生活的圖景。而沒(méi)有寫(xiě)戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上的刀光劍影、廝打拼殺,但戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的殘酷已可想見(jiàn)。4“昔我往矣,楊柳依依。今我來(lái)思,雨雪霏霏”被視為情景交融的佳句。清人王夫之在論《詩(shī)經(jīng)·小雅·采薇》這兩句時(shí)說(shuō):“以樂(lè)景寫(xiě)哀,以哀景寫(xiě)樂(lè),一倍增其哀樂(lè)。”談?wù)勀愕目捶?。一以往昔之虛襯眼前之實(shí),以出征之樂(lè)襯內(nèi)心之思親之悲痛;二“楊柳依依”與“雨雪霏霏”對(duì)比,突出不勝今昔之感;三大雪交加,饑渴難當(dāng),情境實(shí)悲,以哀景寫(xiě)哀情。四、交流延伸1寫(xiě)一首詩(shī)或一段文字表達(dá)你對(duì)“鄉(xiāng)愁”的新的體驗(yàn)。在全班交流。2課后搜集更多的表現(xiàn)鄉(xiāng)情的詩(shī)歌散文作品,將你最感動(dòng)的一篇拿到班上與同學(xué)分享感受。
讓學(xué)生仔細(xì)聆聽(tīng)美妙的音樂(lè),合作討論,加深理解。(1)本詩(shī)文中的“蘭芝被遣”和“蘭芝抗婚”的情節(jié),可與樂(lè)曲展開(kāi)部第一階段“逼嫁抗婚”對(duì)比閱讀。文中的劉蘭芝是在封建禮教的壓迫下被遣歸及被迫“改嫁”,劉蘭芝與祝英臺(tái)一樣都進(jìn)行了抗?fàn)?。?lè)曲中的樂(lè)器奏出了具有威脅力的封建勢(shì)力的主題,代表著封建勢(shì)力的兇暴殘酷,同時(shí)敘述了祝英臺(tái)的悲痛和不安心情,表現(xiàn)了控訴、抗?fàn)幍母星?。?)本詩(shī)文中的“夫妻誓別”的情節(jié),可與樂(lè)曲呈示部中的結(jié)束部“長(zhǎng)亭惜別”對(duì)比閱讀。文中劉蘭芝與焦仲卿的誓別。二人分手之際,依依不舍,“舉手長(zhǎng)勞勞,二情同依依”。樂(lè)曲中梁祝分別時(shí)依依不舍又充滿悲傷,音調(diào)抒情徐緩。讓學(xué)生在徐緩的音樂(lè)中去感受劉蘭芝與焦仲卿生離死別的痛苦。
四、品味詩(shī)歌藝術(shù)1、詩(shī)人是如何表現(xiàn)其品質(zhì)的?運(yùn)用了什么修辭手法?產(chǎn)生了怎樣的表達(dá)效果?明確:詩(shī)句“扈江離與辟芷兮,紉秋蘭以為佩”很好地體現(xiàn)了詩(shī)人光輝俊潔的人格。用“江離”“辟芷”“秋蘭”三種香草來(lái)裝飾自己,比喻自己,極其生動(dòng)形象地表現(xiàn)了詩(shī)人自己美好的精神世界,使詩(shī)歌充滿了浪漫主義氣息。2、《離騷》中作者常以“香草”、“美物”來(lái)比喻自己、賢士和君王,并表達(dá)政治理想,這是《離騷》的一大藝術(shù)特色,這種方法叫做“移情法”,即不直接說(shuō)出自己想說(shuō)的話,而是把它寄寓于某一物上,也就是“移情于物”,這種方法在古典詩(shī)詞中廣泛運(yùn)用,在政治不清明的時(shí)代,借用“移情”,可言難言之語(yǔ),抒難抒之情。請(qǐng)找出相關(guān)的詩(shī)句,說(shuō)說(shuō)詩(shī)人是怎樣運(yùn)用這些比喻來(lái)表達(dá)政治理想的。
一個(gè)世紀(jì)前,一位了不起的美國(guó)人簽署了奴隸解放宣言,而我們今天就站在他的塑像下面。對(duì)于千千萬(wàn)萬(wàn)身受不公正待遇之苦的黑奴來(lái)說(shuō),這份劃時(shí)代的文件,是一座光芒萬(wàn)丈的希望燈塔,是結(jié)束他們被束縛之漫漫長(zhǎng)夜的快樂(lè)黎明。我有一個(gè)夢(mèng),有朝一日在喬治亞州的丘陵地帶,奴隸的后代與奴隸主的后代,將能夠兄弟般地相處。我有一個(gè)夢(mèng),有朝一日甚至密西西比州,這個(gè)充滿不平與壓迫的州,將轉(zhuǎn)化成一片自由與公正的綠洲。我有一個(gè)夢(mèng),我的四個(gè)孩子,有朝一日將可以生活在這樣一個(gè)國(guó)度里:在此人們不是根據(jù)他們的膚色,而是根據(jù)他們的品行來(lái)衡量他們。我今天有一個(gè)夢(mèng)!我有一個(gè)夢(mèng),有朝一日在阿拉巴馬州,盡管目前有許多惡毒的種族主義者,盡管州長(zhǎng)叫嚷著要與聯(lián)邦政府對(duì)抗,有朝一日在阿拉巴馬州,黑人孩子與白人孩子將會(huì)像兄弟姊妹那樣親密無(wú)間。
全班齊讀第五段內(nèi)容。請(qǐng)一位同學(xué)分析,接著讓這位同學(xué)按他分析的讀一遍。3、4兩自然段的平緩之后,第5段作者的情感再次抬升。為了滿足這種情感的張揚(yáng),作一口氣連用了四個(gè)排比句式“現(xiàn)在是……時(shí)候”,一方面這是情感發(fā)泄的需要,另一方面這種排山倒海的語(yǔ)勢(shì)也加強(qiáng)了內(nèi)容的表達(dá),極強(qiáng)地突出了現(xiàn)實(shí)為自由、平等而戰(zhàn)的重要性。四、學(xué)會(huì)演講我們剛才細(xì)讀了課文,但讀和講是有區(qū)別的。所謂演講,是一門(mén)語(yǔ)言藝術(shù),它的主要形式是“講”,即運(yùn)用有聲語(yǔ)言并追求言辭的表現(xiàn)力和聲音的感染力;同時(shí)還要輔之以“演”,即運(yùn)用面部表情、手勢(shì)動(dòng)作、身體姿態(tài)乃至一切可以理解的態(tài)勢(shì)語(yǔ)言,使講話“藝術(shù)化”起來(lái),從而產(chǎn)生一種非凡的藝術(shù)魅力。那么,接下來(lái)就假設(shè)一下假如你是馬丁·路德·金,你會(huì)怎樣去講這篇演講辭。