(1)教師說(shuō):“Zhang Peng’s mother is a teacher.What does she teach? Does she teach English?”教師出示Let’s talk部分的掛圖,放錄音,學(xué)生聽錄音閱讀對(duì)話。教師出示主句型:Does he/she…?Yes,he/she does.No,he/she doesn’t.然后教師引導(dǎo)學(xué)生回答剛剛提出的問題,逐步掌握肯定和否定回答。再放一遍, 學(xué)生跟讀. (2)教師說(shuō):“My mother is a teacher,too.Do you want to know more about her.Ask me some questions.”教師依次出示B Let’s learn部分的單詞卡片,提示學(xué)生根據(jù)上面的短語(yǔ)和黑板上的重點(diǎn)句型提問,教師作答。 (3)教師指導(dǎo)學(xué)生進(jìn)行替換練習(xí)。必要時(shí),提示學(xué)生可以換一下對(duì)話里的人物,f 如:Does your uncle live in the city? Yes,he does.Does your grandma live in the country? No,she doesn’t. (4)“尋找家園”游戲 教師準(zhǔn)備一些卡片,正面寫有人名,反面寫有地名,如:city,country,village,farm,forest,mountain,nature park等。請(qǐng)一名學(xué)生上臺(tái)抽取一張卡片,問臺(tái)一學(xué)生:“Guess.Where does…live?’’學(xué)生猜:“Does he/she live in/on…?”猜對(duì)的小組得一分。
內(nèi)容提示1.本單元主要內(nèi)容是學(xué)會(huì)used to結(jié)構(gòu)。Used to +動(dòng)詞原形表示過(guò)去經(jīng)常、以前常常,只用于過(guò)去式中,用來(lái)表示現(xiàn)在已不存在的習(xí)慣或狀態(tài)。例如:They used to play football together.他們過(guò)去常在一起蹋足球。(現(xiàn)在不在一起踢了)2.used to的疑問形式和否定形式為Did you use to…?和I didn’t use to… 也可以用Used you to…?和I used not to…但現(xiàn)在多使用前者。例如:Did you used to swim in the river? 你過(guò)去常在河里游泳嗎?I didn’t use to play the piano. 我以前并不經(jīng)常彈鋼琴。教學(xué)目標(biāo)一、學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)(Language Goal) 1.學(xué)會(huì)陳述自己過(guò)去常做的事情。2.學(xué)會(huì)陳述自己過(guò)去的愛好等。3.能夠表達(dá)自己現(xiàn)在和過(guò)去在外表、性格、娛樂等方面的變化。4.能夠表達(dá)朋友、家人等現(xiàn)在和過(guò)去的變化。二、語(yǔ)言結(jié)構(gòu)(Language Structures) 1.I used to be short when I was young. 我年輕時(shí)個(gè)子很矮。 2. —Did you use to have straight hair? 你過(guò)去是直發(fā)嗎?—Yes, I did. 是的。 3. —Did you use to play the piano? 你過(guò)去彈鋼琴嗎?—No, I didn’t. 不,我不彈。 4.I used to be afraid of dark. 我過(guò)去害怕黑暗。 5.I’m terrified of the snakes. 我害怕蛇。
內(nèi)容提示本單元主要內(nèi)容是學(xué)會(huì)利用verb十by/with gerund表示方式方法來(lái)討論學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的策略,認(rèn)識(shí)自己在學(xué)習(xí)方面的長(zhǎng)處和不足。初步了解現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)和用法。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)由助動(dòng)詞have/has+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成,主要表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在仍有影響或造成的后果,常與already,yet,just,ever,never等副詞連用。教學(xué)目標(biāo)一、學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)(Language Goal) 1. Talk about how to study . 學(xué)會(huì)討論各種學(xué)習(xí)方法和策略。2. Find out your suitable learning methods. 找出適合自己的學(xué)習(xí)方法。 二、語(yǔ)言結(jié)構(gòu)(Language Structures) 1. Verb + by with gerund by+動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ) 表示“通過(guò)…途徑,方法” 2. How questions have引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句 三、目標(biāo)語(yǔ)言(Target Language) 1. How do you study for tests ? 你是怎樣準(zhǔn)備考試的?Well , I study by working with my classmates. 哦,我和同學(xué)們一起學(xué)習(xí)。2. Have you ever studied with a group ? 你曾經(jīng)參加過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)小組嗎?Yes , I have . I’ve learned a lot that way . 是的,參加過(guò)。通過(guò)這種方式我學(xué)了許多。
4 課堂評(píng)價(jià) (Assessment) (1)做活動(dòng)手冊(cè)本單元第3、4、5 部分的練習(xí)。練習(xí)3是檢測(cè)學(xué)生的詞匯掌握情況。教師可以讓學(xué)生組成兩人組進(jìn)行看詞快說(shuō)的比賽,說(shuō)對(duì)一個(gè)詞涂一朵小花,比誰(shuí)的花多。練習(xí)4是讓學(xué)生看詞涂色,說(shuō)說(shuō)兩種顏色的結(jié)合會(huì)變成什么顏色,并將第3種顏色涂在圈中。教師可以給學(xué)生做一個(gè)示范,然后再讓學(xué)生動(dòng)手實(shí)踐。此練習(xí)是機(jī)動(dòng)性練習(xí),教師可根據(jù)時(shí)間分配情況靈活安排。練習(xí)5 是讓學(xué)生將句子和相對(duì)應(yīng)的圖連線,教師可以先讓學(xué)生看圖,猜圖上人說(shuō)的話,然后再連線。此練習(xí)是檢測(cè)學(xué)生對(duì)句子的整體認(rèn)讀能力,不需要學(xué)生認(rèn)識(shí)句子中的每個(gè)單詞。練習(xí)后,根據(jù)學(xué)生情況進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單小結(jié)。給學(xué)生適當(dāng)?shù)莫?jiǎng)勵(lì)。(2)讓學(xué)生自我評(píng)價(jià)半學(xué)期的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)情況,可在第37頁(yè)上做標(biāo)記,看看自己能達(dá)到什么程度。對(duì)于評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果不太理想的學(xué)生,教師要及時(shí)鼓勵(lì),教育學(xué)生不能灰心放棄,針對(duì)這部分學(xué)生具體的情況在課后進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步交流。
Part two1. Teaching AimsMaster the 26 letters.Master the pronunciation of the letters.2. Teaching Aidsa tape-recorder, some cards, some papers and so on.3. Important pointsThe pronunciation of the letters4. Teaching steps1) Greetings and revisionLet some groups act out the dialogue in the last lesson.2) New contentsLet them say out the 26 letters and let some ones say them out.Then listen and learn the letters song.First, give them some minutes and let them read the letters. Let’s see whether there is anyone who can learn anything in them. Then give them some information and let them read again. At last, give them the answer and read again.Let them remember it.PracticeShow the cards where are written the math patterns and let some answer it. Then ask “Who can read it in English?” Let some one read it. Others follow him.Next, show the cards and ask others answer them. T asks and S answers. Then S asks and S answers. Practice in pairs.HomeworkMaster the letters.Teaching notesPart three1. Teaching AimsIntroduce self and others using the words and phrases.Let’s play.2. Teaching Aidsa tape-recorder, some cards3. Important pointsShe has…She likes…I have…4. Teaching stepsGreetings and revisionLet some one read the letters and divide them by the pronunciations.
3.新課呈現(xiàn)(Presentation) (1)教師將Let’s talk部分的教學(xué)掛圖貼在黑板上說(shuō)“1 want t0 go to the post office。。 Where is the post office? ”引導(dǎo)學(xué)生回答:“It’s east/west/south/north of …。? 接著讓學(xué)生看掛圖,利用圖上出現(xiàn)的場(chǎng)所替換關(guān)鍵詞進(jìn)行問答。? (2)“愛我中華”活動(dòng) 學(xué)生兩人一組準(zhǔn)備一張中國(guó)地圖,進(jìn)行問答,如:“Where is Jiangxi? It’s east 0f Hunan.It’s west of Zhejiang.It’s south of Anhui.It’s north of Guangdong.”等。 (3)教師將學(xué)生分成六組,仿照教學(xué)掛圖所示位置,把六張單詞卡片(hospital,bookstore,park,post office,cinema,sch001)分發(fā)給各組,然后教師站在圖中Amy 的位置上,說(shuō):I want to go to the hospital.Where is it? ”學(xué)生會(huì)說(shuō):“It’s east of the park.’’教師再問:“How can I get there? ”引導(dǎo)學(xué)生說(shuō):“Turn left affil the cinema,and go straight.Then turn right at the post office and go straight-It’s on the left.”學(xué)生跟讀并進(jìn)行一系列的替換練習(xí)。 (4)教師放B Let’s talk部分的錄音,學(xué)生跟讀。 (5)學(xué)生兩人一組,看地圖,替換句型中的關(guān)鍵詞自編對(duì)話,請(qǐng)幾組學(xué)生表演對(duì)話。
教師檢查有多少學(xué)生能夠準(zhǔn)確區(qū)分14與40的發(fā)音,如果答對(duì)率低,教師要注意糾正。教師還可以板書一組相似的數(shù)字,如:13/30,18/80,15/50,教師說(shuō)英文,學(xué)生說(shuō)出中文的數(shù)字,幫助學(xué)生區(qū)分/-ti:n/與l-u/。 3.新課呈現(xiàn)(Presentation) Let’s talk (1)教師根據(jù)學(xué)生平時(shí)常去的場(chǎng)所提問,如當(dāng)?shù)氐囊患译娪霸?、風(fēng)景點(diǎn)、或?qū)W生的祖父母家等:“How can you get to…? Can you go by …? Is it fast/slow/expensive to go by …? ”進(jìn)行師生間的自由會(huì)話,再讓學(xué)生感知一下新句型:How can I/ you get to…? 然后,教師請(qǐng)學(xué)生根據(jù)課本中提供的地圖回答問題:“How can I get to Zhongshan Park? ”引導(dǎo)學(xué)生回答,提示他們坐15路公交車為:“By the No.15 bus.”教師提供完整的答句:“Yes.I can go by the No.15 bus.”教師板書這組句子。 (2)教師繼續(xù)提問:“It’s a place.You can buy food,drink,fruit,veget ables,school things and clothes there.What is it? (It’s a supermarket.)”教師最好出示一張當(dāng)?shù)乇容^有名的超市的照片或圖片來(lái)給出謎底。教師再提問:“How can I get there? By bus or by bike? ”然后領(lǐng)讀句子:“I can go to the supermarket by …”幫助學(xué)生理解supermarket是一個(gè)合成詞,來(lái)源于super與market。
(2)教師說(shuō):“I am going to plant a flower on the weekend.But I don’t know hoⅥ do that.Can you tell me? Who knows?”教師提示學(xué)生可以適當(dāng)用中文解釋。如果有學(xué)生舉手,教師就問:“OK.How d0 you do that?”引導(dǎo)學(xué)生回答?!癋irst,put the seeds in the soil.”然后,教師接著說(shuō):“What should I do then? 引導(dǎo)學(xué)生回答“Water it. (3)教師說(shuō):“Zhang Peng is talking to h is teacher.Now Let’s see what they talking about.”學(xué)生翻開學(xué)生用書,教師放錄音,學(xué)生跟讀。教師解釋In several days的意思是幾天以后。”教師板書四會(huì)句型:How do you do that? What should you do then?學(xué)生仿寫。 (4)同桌學(xué)生進(jìn)行對(duì)話替換操練,可以談?wù)撐鞴?watermelon)、小麥(wheat)等植物的種植過(guò)程。然后選幾組在班上表演對(duì)話。 (5)教師指導(dǎo)學(xué)生運(yùn)用主句型編對(duì)話。以下對(duì)話供參考: A:How do you clean the classroom? B:First.sweep the floor. A:What should you do after that? B:Then clean the desks and chairs.wash the windows. 4.鞏固和延伸(Consolidation and extension) (1)做本單元B Let’s talk部分的活動(dòng)手冊(cè)配套練習(xí)。
1.熱身(Warm-up) (1)全班一起吟唱Let’s chant的歌謠。 (2)單詞拼寫競(jìng)賽 要拼寫的單詞包括:this morning/afternoon/evening,next week,newspaper, postcard等??刹扇⌒〗M合作的“接龍式”拼寫形式;也可以選取組內(nèi)一名學(xué)生拼寫全部單詞。拼出單詞最快最多的組獲勝。 (3)教師出示簡(jiǎn)明地圖,師生問答如下: r:What shop is it? s:It’s a bookstore. r:What can you buy in the bookstore? s:… 在學(xué)生回答各商店所出售的物品時(shí),教師根據(jù)其回答貼出物品的小卡片,如: Fruit stand:orange,apple,pear,banana….Shoe store:sneakers,sandals,boots….(此時(shí)可引導(dǎo)學(xué)生說(shuō)“a pair of sneakers/boots’’等) 2.預(yù)習(xí)(Preview) Let’s try 教師指著地圖中的商店及各商店所出售的物品說(shuō):Look!There are so many stores and so many goods.Let’s listen to the tape and find out:①Where is Sarah going? ②What is she going to buy? ③Who is she going with? 教師放三遍L(zhǎng)et’s try部分的錄音,以上問題可根據(jù)學(xué)生的實(shí)際情況分三次提出,直到多數(shù)學(xué)生能回答并能將前兩項(xiàng)答案填人教師課前畫出的表格中。在填表過(guò)程中,教師請(qǐng)學(xué)生一起拼寫其中的四會(huì)單詞,如:bookstore,comic book。
(3)教師就黑板上的內(nèi)容和學(xué)生做對(duì)話練習(xí),如:What does your mother do?Where does she work?How does she go to work?教師板書“Where does she work?”和“How does she go to work?”,示范朗讀,學(xué)生跟說(shuō)。學(xué)生兩人一組根據(jù)黑板上的語(yǔ)言提示做對(duì)話練習(xí)。 (4)“看卡片,說(shuō)句子”活動(dòng) 教師面前放一摞單詞卡片,依次為:職業(yè)名稱卡片,工作地點(diǎn)卡片和交通方式卡片?;顒?dòng)開始,教師隨意從第一摞卡片中抽取一張職業(yè)卡片,如:engineer,舉起來(lái)問:“What does your father do?”學(xué)生回答“He’s an engineer.”教師繼續(xù)抽取一張工作地點(diǎn)卡片,舉起來(lái),如:Car company,問:“Where does he work?”學(xué)生說(shuō):“He works in a Car company.”教師再抽取一張交通方式卡片,如:bus,問:“How does he go to work?學(xué)生回答:“He go es to work by bus.”游戲進(jìn)行幾輪后,可以請(qǐng)幾名學(xué)生輪流代替教師抽卡片,提問題。 (5)教師放本部分的錄音,學(xué)生跟讀。學(xué)生兩人一組讀課文對(duì)話。 (6)學(xué)生兩人一組做對(duì)話替換練習(xí)。 (7)教師指導(dǎo)學(xué)生書寫四會(huì)句子。 4.鞏固和延伸(Consolidation and ex tension) Group work
Step 1 Greeting Greet the class and check the homeworkStep 2 A duty report The S on duty gives a report on the rules in his home and lead in 3a “Sun Fei’s and Wu Yu’s rules” Step 3 ReadingSs read the conversation and write the two girls’ rules in the chart. Check the answers.Get Ss to read after the tape and then read aloud by themselves. Then, T explains the language points.Step 4 Pairwork 3bRole play. Use the information in chart to practice with the conversation in 3a covered. They can look at the sample conversation in the right box.Step 5 Task 2 “Who’s the best reporter?”Make a survey by asking any 5 students the questions in the chart in activity 4. Then give out a report about it. See who is the best reporter? And the best reporter will get a nice ball-pen.Step 6 Summary and homework:Write out the report in your exercise-books.Period ThreeStep 1 Greeting and a duty reportThe S gives a duty report talking about his experience of being late for school. Lead in the question “Do you ever get to school late? How often do you get to school late? Always, usually, sometimes, or never?Step 2 1a Get Ss to finish writing.Step 3 Pairwork 1b Get Ss to talk about their answers with their partners using the sample conversation in the box on the right.Step 4 Listening practice2a Lead-in: What will happen if you get to school late? What about Peter? Let’s listen to a conversation between Peter and his father. Get Ss to finish 2a (As usual, for the first time, Ss only listen.) Check the answers.
教學(xué)目標(biāo): 1. Express preferences2. Talk about one’s likes and dislikes and the reasons3. Learn to express one’s opinions 4. Learn to write a reply 語(yǔ)言功能: 1) Talk about one’s preferences, using t he relative clause2) Talk about people’s likes and dislikes and the reasons3) Talk about opinions語(yǔ)言結(jié)構(gòu): Relative clauses with that and who語(yǔ)言目標(biāo):What kind of music do you like?I like music that I can sing along with.I love singers who write their own music.We prefer music that has great lyric.重點(diǎn)詞匯及短語(yǔ):heart, photography, interest, class, whatever, miss, okay, expect, sweet, taste, itself, laboratory, cancer, increase, biscuit, main, care, prefer… to…, remind somebody of …, dance to, sing along with, be sure to, interest somebody, make somebody adj., to be honest, suit somebody, on display, catch up教學(xué)重難點(diǎn):What do other people think of the different kinds of things? How to express one’s opinions? 學(xué)習(xí)方式:討論,合作學(xué)習(xí)情感目標(biāo):通過(guò)本單元的學(xué)習(xí),能提高學(xué)生的藝術(shù)鑒賞能力和審美情趣,并引導(dǎo)學(xué)生養(yǎng)成健康的飲食習(xí)慣。課時(shí)安排5課時(shí)第一課時(shí):Section A: 1a-2c第二課時(shí):Section A : 3a-4第三課時(shí):Section B:1-2c, Self check2第四課時(shí):Section B: 3a-4, Self check1第五課時(shí):Self check ReadingI like music that I can dance to.
一、Section A該部分有4個(gè)模塊。第一模塊圍繞Whose volleyball is this? 這一話題展開思維( 1a)、聽力(1b)、口語(yǔ)( 1c)訓(xùn)練;第二模塊圍繞上一模塊中的話題進(jìn)行聽力( 2a-2b)、口語(yǔ)訓(xùn)練( 2c);第三模塊繼續(xù)圍繞前兩個(gè)模塊中的“making inferences”展開訓(xùn)練。訓(xùn)練形式為閱讀排序( 3a)和兩人問答(3b);第四模塊仍就上一話題展開討論。二、Section B該部分有4個(gè)模塊。第一模塊要求根據(jù)圖畫和所提供的單詞寫出合理的句子;第二模塊在聽力( 2a-2b)和分角色口語(yǔ)訓(xùn)練( 2c)的基礎(chǔ)上,繼續(xù)進(jìn)行“推測(cè)”訓(xùn)練; 第三模塊圍繞“Strange events in Bell Tower neighborhood”這一話題展開閱讀( 3a)和寫作(3b -3c)訓(xùn)練;第四模塊以dream為話題展開小組活動(dòng)。三、Self Check該部分有3個(gè)模塊。第一模塊以填空形式對(duì)所學(xué)詞匯進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練;第二模塊就8個(gè)諺語(yǔ)展開閱讀和討論。
The First PeriodⅠ.Teaching Aims and DemandsKnowledge Objects(1) Key Vocabularytiring, educational, fascinating, thrilling, peaceful, exotic, trek, jungle, take it easy, explore, historic, site(2) Target LanguageWhere would you like to go on vacation?I’d like to trek through the jungle, because I like exciting vacations.2. Ability Objects(1)Train students to talk about places they would like to visit with the target language.(2)Train students to describe vacations with different adjectives.(3)Train students' listening skill.3. Moral Object,It′s more interesting to go on vacating somewhere instead of staying at home.Ⅱ. Teaching Key Points1. Key Vocabularytiring, educational, fascinating, thrilling, peaceful, exotic, trek, jungle, take it easy, explore, historic, site2. Target LanguageTalk about different places with the target language.Ⅲ. Teaching Difficult Points1. Describe vacations with different adjectives.2. Talk about different places with the target language.Ⅳ. Teaching Methods1. Teaching by illumination2. Teaching by doing chain drills3. Teaching by pairworkⅤ. Teaching Aids1. A tape recorder2. Some pictures of different places with famous views
第一單元 圓1.圓的定義:平面上的一種曲線圖形。2.將一張圓形紙片對(duì)折兩次,折痕相交于圓中心的一點(diǎn),這一點(diǎn)叫做圓心。圓心一般用字母O表示。它到圓上任意一點(diǎn)的距離都相等.3.半徑:連接圓心到圓上任意一點(diǎn)的線段叫作半徑。半徑一般用字母r表示。把圓規(guī)兩腳分開,兩腳之間的距離就是圓的半徑。4.圓心確定圓的位置,半徑確定圓的大小。5.直徑:通過(guò)圓心并且兩端都在圓上的線段叫作直徑。直徑一般用字母d表示。6.在同一個(gè)圓內(nèi),所有的半徑都相等,所有的直徑都相等。7.在同一個(gè)圓內(nèi),有無(wú)數(shù)條半徑,有無(wú)數(shù)條直徑。8.在同一個(gè)圓內(nèi),直徑的長(zhǎng)度是半徑的2倍,半徑的長(zhǎng)度是直徑的一半。用字母表示為:d=2r r =1/2d 用文字表示為:半徑=直徑÷2 直徑=半徑×2
一、語(yǔ)文學(xué)習(xí)中學(xué)生自我評(píng)價(jià)能力的培養(yǎng)1.營(yíng)造氛圍,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生自我評(píng)價(jià)的意識(shí)。學(xué)生自我評(píng)價(jià)能力是教師長(zhǎng)期培養(yǎng)的結(jié)果,而保護(hù)學(xué)生自我評(píng)價(jià)的熱情,更是持續(xù)自我評(píng)價(jià)的保證。在我們的實(shí)際教育教學(xué)中,教師一直處于評(píng)價(jià)的絕對(duì)主體,很少去關(guān)注學(xué)生自我評(píng)價(jià)意識(shí)和能力的培養(yǎng),學(xué)生常常不理解:為什么要認(rèn)真聽講?為什么書寫要工整、為什么發(fā)言要積極?為什么老師、父母對(duì)考試分?jǐn)?shù)會(huì)有那么高的要求?當(dāng)前出現(xiàn)的學(xué)生許多諸如“離家出走”、“毒殺親人”等教育、行為、品德方面的問題,我想其中除了家長(zhǎng)、教師的評(píng)價(jià)意識(shí)和評(píng)價(jià)藝術(shù)等原因之外,學(xué)生的自我評(píng)價(jià)意識(shí)的缺乏是根本的原因。所以我認(rèn)為,學(xué)生自我評(píng)價(jià)意識(shí)的培養(yǎng)刻不容緩。(1)熱情鼓勵(lì),提供成功的心理體驗(yàn)。在教學(xué)過(guò)程中,教師要善于發(fā)現(xiàn)、肯定學(xué)生自我評(píng)價(jià)的點(diǎn)滴進(jìn)步,對(duì)于他們每一點(diǎn)進(jìn)步都要真誠(chéng)熱情地鼓勵(lì)。讓學(xué)生覺得我這么做,這么想是對(duì)的。讓學(xué)生在教師的鼓勵(lì)中體會(huì)到強(qiáng)烈的愛,感受到自己的進(jìn)步,增強(qiáng)自己的信心?!靶娜粼?,夢(mèng)就在!”教師的熱情鼓勵(lì)是一種強(qiáng)大的催化劑,促使學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)中樂于自我評(píng)價(jià)。
解析:(1)根據(jù)表中信息,用優(yōu)等品頻數(shù)m除以抽取的籃球數(shù)n即可;(2)根據(jù)表中數(shù)據(jù),優(yōu)等品頻率為0.94,0.95,0.93,0.94,0.94,穩(wěn)定在0.94左右,即可估計(jì)這批籃球優(yōu)等品的概率.解:(1)570600=0.95,744800=0.93,9401000=0.94,11281200=0.94,故表中依次填0.95,0.93,0.94,0.94; (2)這批籃球優(yōu)等品的概率估計(jì)值是0.94.三、板書設(shè)計(jì)1.頻率及其穩(wěn)定性:在大量重復(fù)試驗(yàn)的情況下,事件的頻率會(huì)呈現(xiàn)穩(wěn)定性,即頻率會(huì)在一個(gè)常數(shù)附近擺動(dòng).隨著試驗(yàn)次數(shù)的增加,擺動(dòng)的幅度有越來(lái)越小的趨勢(shì).2.用頻率估計(jì)概率:一般地,在大量重復(fù)實(shí)驗(yàn)下,隨機(jī)事件A發(fā)生的頻率會(huì)穩(wěn)定到某一個(gè)常數(shù)p,于是,我們用p這個(gè)常數(shù)表示隨機(jī)事件A發(fā)生的概率,即P(A)=p.教學(xué)過(guò)程中,學(xué)生通過(guò)對(duì)比頻率與概率的區(qū)別,體會(huì)到兩者間的聯(lián)系,從而運(yùn)用其解決實(shí)際生活中遇到的問題,使學(xué)生感受到數(shù)學(xué)與生活的緊密聯(lián)系
解析:平行線中的拐點(diǎn)問題,通常需過(guò)拐點(diǎn)作平行線.解:(1)∠AED=∠BAE+∠CDE.理由如下:過(guò)點(diǎn)E作EG∥AB.∵AB∥CD,∴AB∥EG∥CD,∴∠AEG=∠BAE,∠DEG=∠CDE.∵∠AED=∠AEG+∠DEG,∴∠AED=∠BAE+∠CDE;(2)同(1)可得∠AFD=∠BAF+∠CDF.∵∠BAF=2∠EAF,∠CDF=2∠EDF,∴∠BAE+∠CDE=32∠BAF+32∠CDF,∴∠AED=32∠AFD.方法總結(jié):無(wú)論平行線中的何種問題,都可轉(zhuǎn)化到基本模型中去解決,把復(fù)雜的問題分解到簡(jiǎn)單模型中,問題便迎刃而解.三、板書設(shè)計(jì)平行線的性質(zhì):性質(zhì)1:兩條平行線被第三條直線所截,同位角相等;性質(zhì)2:兩條平行線被第三條直線所截,內(nèi)錯(cuò)角相等;性質(zhì)3:兩條平行線被第三條直線所截,同旁內(nèi)角互補(bǔ).平行線的性質(zhì)是幾何證明的基礎(chǔ),教學(xué)中注意基本的推理格式的書寫,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的邏輯思維能力,鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生勇于嘗試.在課堂上,力求體現(xiàn)學(xué)生的主體地位,把課堂交給學(xué)生,讓學(xué)生在動(dòng)口、動(dòng)手、動(dòng)腦中學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)
解析:橫軸表示時(shí)間,縱軸表示溫度.溫度最高應(yīng)找到圖象的最高點(diǎn)所對(duì)應(yīng)的x值,即15時(shí),A對(duì);溫度最低應(yīng)找到圖象的最低點(diǎn)所對(duì)應(yīng)的x值,即3時(shí),B對(duì);這天最高溫度與最低溫度的差應(yīng)讓前面的兩個(gè)y值相減,即38-22=16(℃),C錯(cuò);從圖象看出,這天0~3時(shí),15~24時(shí)溫度在下降,D對(duì).故選C.方法總結(jié):認(rèn)真觀察圖象,弄清楚時(shí)間是自變量,溫度是因變量,然后由圖象上的點(diǎn)確定自變量及因變量的對(duì)應(yīng)值.三、板書設(shè)計(jì)1.用曲線型圖象表示變量間關(guān)系2.從曲線型圖象中獲取變量信息圖象法能直觀形象地表示因變量隨自變量變化的變化趨勢(shì),可通過(guò)圖象來(lái)研究變量的某些性質(zhì),這也是數(shù)形結(jié)合的優(yōu)點(diǎn),但是它也存在感性觀察不夠準(zhǔn)確,畫面局限性大的缺點(diǎn).教學(xué)中讓學(xué)生自己歸納總結(jié),回顧反思,將知識(shí)點(diǎn)串連起來(lái),完成對(duì)該部分內(nèi)容的完整認(rèn)識(shí)和意義建構(gòu).這對(duì)學(xué)生在實(shí)際情境中根據(jù)不同需要選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)姆椒ū硎咀兞块g的關(guān)系,發(fā)展與深化思維能力是大有裨益的
解析:根據(jù)“全等三角形的對(duì)應(yīng)角相等”,可知∠EAD=∠CAB,故∠EAB=∠EAD+∠CAD+∠CAB=2∠CAB+10°=120°,即∠CAB=55°.然后在△ACB中利用三角形內(nèi)角和定理來(lái)求∠ACB的度數(shù).解:∵△ABC≌△ADE,∴∠CAB=∠EAD.∵∠EAB=120°,∠CAD=10°,∴∠EAB=∠EAD+∠CAD+∠CAB=2∠CAB+10°=120°,∴∠CAB=55°.∵∠B=∠D=25°,∴∠ACB=180°-∠CAB-∠B=180°-55°-25°=100°.方法總結(jié):本題將三角形內(nèi)角和與全等三角形的性質(zhì)綜合考查,解答問題時(shí)要將所求的角與已知角通過(guò)全等及三角形內(nèi)角之間的關(guān)系聯(lián)系起來(lái).三、板書設(shè)計(jì)1.全等形與全等三角形的概念:能夠完全重合的圖形叫做全等形;能夠完全重合的三角形叫做全等三角形.2.全等三角形的性質(zhì):全等三角形的對(duì)應(yīng)角、對(duì)應(yīng)線段相等.首先展示全等形的圖片,激發(fā)學(xué)生興趣,從圖中總結(jié)全等形和全等三角形的概念.最后總結(jié)全等三角形的性質(zhì),通過(guò)練習(xí)來(lái)理解全等三角形的性質(zhì)并滲透符號(hào)語(yǔ)言推理.通過(guò)實(shí)例熟悉運(yùn)用全等三角形的性質(zhì)解決一些簡(jiǎn)單的實(shí)際問題