“Go for it!” is based on “Task-Based Language Teaching”. It adheres to “The authenticity principle”, “The form-function principle”, “The task dependency principle” and “The principle of learning by doing”. These principles all accord with the demands of curriculum focus.In and of Grade Seven (II), “Go for it!”, students have learned “The Simple Past Tense”. And it appears again in of Grade Eight (I). teaches students more about how to talk about events in the past. In addition, it gives affirmative and negative statements in the past tense, such as the sentence patterns “Did you see …?” “Were there …?” “Did you go …?” As the first part of Unit 8, Section A opens with a picture presenting the last school trip in the aquarium and continues with several step-by-step practice activities, which are all good for students to master “The Simple Past Tense”. Doing well in Section A will help students integrate the new target language with that in Section B. Thus, they can describe the events in the past freely and foster their own ability of reflecting and practicing. II. Teaching ObjectivesTeaching objective is the beginning and aim of teaching activities. According to the overall goal of the English elementary course--- improve students' synthetic ability of language application, which should be based on the development of students’ “Language knowledge”, “Language skills”, “Character building”, “Learning strategies” and “Cross-cultural awareness”. The teaching objectives are described as follows(I). Knowledge objectivesi. Master the simple past tense of regular and irregular verbsii. Recite the new words and expressions about the last school trip in the aquarium, including their pronunciation and intonation
一、 教學(xué)內(nèi)容Section A 1a----1c二、 教學(xué)目標(biāo)1.學(xué)習(xí)詞匯do the dishes, make the bed, take out the trash, fold the clothes, do the laundry, sweep the floor, clean the living room.2.句型 Could you please clean your room? Yes, sure.三、 教學(xué)準(zhǔn)備 學(xué)生預(yù)習(xí)本單元所有的詞匯多媒體課件 活動(dòng)表 獎(jiǎng)品四、 教學(xué)過程Pre-task1. Warming upEnjoy ourselves. Watch cartoon Cinderella. 看動(dòng)畫片段《灰姑娘》導(dǎo)如入本課話題和新詞匯“chores”美麗善良的鬼姑娘因繼母的嫉妒,每天得做所有的家務(wù)。片段的主題使學(xué)生聯(lián)想到本課的話題。2. learn new words and phrasesLook! What is she / he dong? 看圖學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)詞詞組do chores, do the dishes, make the bed, take out the trash, fold the clothes, do the laundry, clean the living room.3. Guessing game.What is she doing ? 4. Pair work. 1a, Do you do these things at home? Write “Y” for “yes” and “N” for “no”.5. Listening . 1b , Peter’s chores or Mom’s chores?理解目標(biāo)語Could you please clean your room? Yes, sure.Write “M” for Mom’s chores, “P” for Peter’s chores in the chart.6. PairworkLook at the picture,Ask your partner to do the chores that you see. 7. Interview Who is the most able at home? 1) What chores do you do at home? How often do you do the chores? Work in four, interview each of the students in the group, fill in the chart.
Step Ⅶ Role play ( Work on 1b)1. First ask two students to read the dialogue to the class.Sa: How do you get to school?Sb: Well, I ride my bike to the subway station. Then I take the subway.2. Now work with a partner.Suppose you use two kinds of transportation to get to school \Hangzhou\Beijing... (bus, train, subway, walking, bike, etc.) Tell how you get there. You may use the phrases in 1a.3. Then ask different pairs of students to present their conversations to the class.Step ⅧListening1. Work on 2a(1) First ask students to read the list of information that Thomas wants to know.…where Nina lives.…h(huán)ow far from school she lives.…h(huán)ow long it takes to get to school.…h(huán)ow she gets to school.…what she thinks of the transportation.(2) Tell students what transportation and bus stop mean.bus stop 汽車站 transportation n. 運(yùn)送;運(yùn)輸Then tell students we'll hear a recording. Please put a checkmark in front of each thing that Thomas wants to know.(3) Now play the recording for students.( Have students pay attention to the sample answer.) (4) Then correct the answers.
Teaching goals : 1. Words & phrases: babysit ,get back , fishing , rent , think about , decide(on) , tourist etc. 2. How to talk about future plans . 3. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來計(jì)劃或行動(dòng). 4. 特殊疑問句(where , when , how long引導(dǎo)) Important and difficult points : Drills :What are you doing for vacation ? I’m watching TV . When are you going ? I’m going … . How long are you staying ? We’re staying for five days . Teaching aids : cards and a tape ,a large wall calendar . Period 1 Teaching procedures : Step 1Leading in1. Free talk . 2. Put up the wall calendar . T: I’m staying home on Saturday (pointing to next Saturday ).Ss repeat . Ss: I’m staying home on Saturday . T: OK. Today we’ll learn how to talk about future plans. Step 2Pre-task SB Page 13 , 1a . 1. Look at the picture carefully and tell what you see in the picture . 2. Write the activities from the pictures in the box and add some more . 3. Practice reading . Step 3While-task1. Using the activities we write in 1a to make conversations .For example :What are you doing for vacation ? I’m visiting my uncle . 2. Pairwork .Practice in pairs . 3. 用第三人稱練習(xí)對話.
教學(xué)目標(biāo)1.知識(shí)目標(biāo):(1)學(xué)習(xí)What are you going to be when you grow up?/How are you going to do that?句式。(2)學(xué)會(huì)用英語描述有關(guān)職業(yè)的表達(dá)法。2.能力目標(biāo):(1)能夠談?wù)摓閷?shí)現(xiàn)理想所做出的打算和安排。(2)能夠談?wù)撐磥碜约号c他人理想的職業(yè)及原因。(3)能用英語描述課余時(shí)間的活動(dòng)安排,最終具備表達(dá)綜合信息的能力。3.情感目標(biāo):新學(xué)期到來之際,讓他們在學(xué)習(xí)、體育、飲食、特長、讀書等方面制定計(jì)劃,教育學(xué)生合理安排自己的課外生活,思考自己的理想職業(yè)及適合自己的職業(yè)。教學(xué)重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)本單元的重點(diǎn)為“be going to”表將來,want to be, what,where, when,how引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句。難點(diǎn)是語言目標(biāo)的實(shí)現(xiàn)。教材分析本單元以I am going to be a basketball player為話題,共設(shè)計(jì)了三部分的內(nèi)容:一、Section A該部分有4個(gè)模塊。第一模塊圍繞Do you think these jobs are interesting?這一話題展開思維(1a)、聽力(1b)、口語(1c)訓(xùn)練;
1 交通工具的比較此活動(dòng)為小組活動(dòng)。學(xué)生通過討論找出到達(dá)某一城市可乘坐的各種交通工具,并選擇最佳出行方式。Teacher:We’re going to Shanghai. How many ways can we use to get there? Yes, there are four ways: by bus, by plane, by train, by ship. Please discuss how you are going to get there.操作建議:(1)學(xué)生以小組為單位展開活動(dòng),談?wù)摫窘M所選擇的交通工具。(2)各組選代表向全班匯報(bào),闡述本組所選擇的交通工具的利和弊。完成任務(wù)所需要的語言結(jié)構(gòu):We can go there by ship. It’s more comfortable and cheaper than any other transportation.We can go there by bus. It’s cheaper but it takes longer time.2 哪個(gè)城市更合適?此活動(dòng)具有挑戰(zhàn)性。假設(shè)中國要舉行2014年世界杯足球賽,分別從歷史,人文,天氣等方面對各城市(北京,大連,上海,昆明)進(jìn)行比較,選擇最佳舉辦城市。T: Imagine China is holding the 2014 FIFA World Cup. Which city do you think is the best for the World Cup, Beijing, Dalian, Shanghai or Kunming? Let’s work in groups. If you choose Beijing, please join the Team Red. If you chose Dalian, please join the Team White. If you choose Shanghai, please join the Team Blue. If you choose Kunming, please join the Team Green. Please show us its advantages. Then let’s see which team will win.
教學(xué)重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn):運(yùn)用所掌握的語言描述,比較不同地點(diǎn)的特點(diǎn)。在練習(xí)中學(xué)習(xí)掌握英語比較級和最高級的用法。課前準(zhǔn)備分配小組,每組五至六人。通過上網(wǎng)或翻閱報(bào)刊雜志等方法,確定旅游線路,做出基本的旅游計(jì)劃。教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì):本節(jié)課流程圖 學(xué)法指導(dǎo):1.由于這是一堂新課,在教學(xué)中應(yīng)注意面向全體,發(fā)揮學(xué)生的主體性,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生積極參與,激發(fā)學(xué)生的求知欲和學(xué)習(xí)積極性,指導(dǎo)學(xué)生積極思維,主動(dòng)獲取知識(shí),養(yǎng)成良好的學(xué)習(xí)方法。逐步學(xué)會(huì)獨(dú)立解決問題??傊M可能調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生的非智力因素促進(jìn)智力因素的發(fā)展。教法選擇:1.電化教學(xué)法2.課堂討論法3.任務(wù)型教學(xué)法采用這些方法的目的是為了充分調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)積極性,使學(xué)生變被動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)為主動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)。通過電腦形象的演示,加強(qiáng)印象,提高興趣,突破難點(diǎn),提高教學(xué)效率,進(jìn)而增大教學(xué)的容量和信息量。充分體現(xiàn)教師為主導(dǎo),學(xué)生為主體的教學(xué)原則。
Step 1 Greeting Greet the class and check the homeworkStep 2 A duty report The S on duty gives a report on the rules in his home and lead in 3a “Sun Fei’s and Wu Yu’s rules” Step 3 ReadingSs read the conversation and write the two girls’ rules in the chart. Check the answers.Get Ss to read after the tape and then read aloud by themselves. Then, T explains the language points.Step 4 Pairwork 3bRole play. Use the information in chart to practice with the conversation in 3a covered. They can look at the sample conversation in the right box.Step 5 Task 2 “Who’s the best reporter?”Make a survey by asking any 5 students the questions in the chart in activity 4. Then give out a report about it. See who is the best reporter? And the best reporter will get a nice ball-pen.Step 6 Summary and homework:Write out the report in your exercise-books.Period ThreeStep 1 Greeting and a duty reportThe S gives a duty report talking about his experience of being late for school. Lead in the question “Do you ever get to school late? How often do you get to school late? Always, usually, sometimes, or never?Step 2 1a Get Ss to finish writing.Step 3 Pairwork 1b Get Ss to talk about their answers with their partners using the sample conversation in the box on the right.Step 4 Listening practice2a Lead-in: What will happen if you get to school late? What about Peter? Let’s listen to a conversation between Peter and his father. Get Ss to finish 2a (As usual, for the first time, Ss only listen.) Check the answers.
教學(xué)目標(biāo): 1. Express preferences2. Talk about one’s likes and dislikes and the reasons3. Learn to express one’s opinions 4. Learn to write a reply 語言功能: 1) Talk about one’s preferences, using t he relative clause2) Talk about people’s likes and dislikes and the reasons3) Talk about opinions語言結(jié)構(gòu): Relative clauses with that and who語言目標(biāo):What kind of music do you like?I like music that I can sing along with.I love singers who write their own music.We prefer music that has great lyric.重點(diǎn)詞匯及短語:heart, photography, interest, class, whatever, miss, okay, expect, sweet, taste, itself, laboratory, cancer, increase, biscuit, main, care, prefer… to…, remind somebody of …, dance to, sing along with, be sure to, interest somebody, make somebody adj., to be honest, suit somebody, on display, catch up教學(xué)重難點(diǎn):What do other people think of the different kinds of things? How to express one’s opinions? 學(xué)習(xí)方式:討論,合作學(xué)習(xí)情感目標(biāo):通過本單元的學(xué)習(xí),能提高學(xué)生的藝術(shù)鑒賞能力和審美情趣,并引導(dǎo)學(xué)生養(yǎng)成健康的飲食習(xí)慣。課時(shí)安排5課時(shí)第一課時(shí):Section A: 1a-2c第二課時(shí):Section A : 3a-4第三課時(shí):Section B:1-2c, Self check2第四課時(shí):Section B: 3a-4, Self check1第五課時(shí):Self check ReadingI like music that I can dance to.
內(nèi)容提示1.本單元主要內(nèi)容是學(xué)會(huì)used to結(jié)構(gòu)。Used to +動(dòng)詞原形表示過去經(jīng)常、以前常常,只用于過去式中,用來表示現(xiàn)在已不存在的習(xí)慣或狀態(tài)。例如:They used to play football together.他們過去常在一起蹋足球。(現(xiàn)在不在一起踢了)2.used to的疑問形式和否定形式為Did you use to…?和I didn’t use to… 也可以用Used you to…?和I used not to…但現(xiàn)在多使用前者。例如:Did you used to swim in the river? 你過去常在河里游泳嗎?I didn’t use to play the piano. 我以前并不經(jīng)常彈鋼琴。教學(xué)目標(biāo)一、學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)(Language Goal) 1.學(xué)會(huì)陳述自己過去常做的事情。2.學(xué)會(huì)陳述自己過去的愛好等。3.能夠表達(dá)自己現(xiàn)在和過去在外表、性格、娛樂等方面的變化。4.能夠表達(dá)朋友、家人等現(xiàn)在和過去的變化。二、語言結(jié)構(gòu)(Language Structures) 1.I used to be short when I was young. 我年輕時(shí)個(gè)子很矮。 2. —Did you use to have straight hair? 你過去是直發(fā)嗎?—Yes, I did. 是的。 3. —Did you use to play the piano? 你過去彈鋼琴嗎?—No, I didn’t. 不,我不彈。 4.I used to be afraid of dark. 我過去害怕黑暗。 5.I’m terrified of the snakes. 我害怕蛇。
內(nèi)容提示本單元主要內(nèi)容是學(xué)會(huì)利用verb十by/with gerund表示方式方法來討論學(xué)習(xí)英語的策略,認(rèn)識(shí)自己在學(xué)習(xí)方面的長處和不足。初步了解現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)和用法。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)由助動(dòng)詞have/has+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞構(gòu)成,主要表示過去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對現(xiàn)在仍有影響或造成的后果,常與already,yet,just,ever,never等副詞連用。教學(xué)目標(biāo)一、學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)(Language Goal) 1. Talk about how to study . 學(xué)會(huì)討論各種學(xué)習(xí)方法和策略。2. Find out your suitable learning methods. 找出適合自己的學(xué)習(xí)方法。 二、語言結(jié)構(gòu)(Language Structures) 1. Verb + by with gerund by+動(dòng)名詞短語 表示“通過…途徑,方法” 2. How questions have引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句 三、目標(biāo)語言(Target Language) 1. How do you study for tests ? 你是怎樣準(zhǔn)備考試的?Well , I study by working with my classmates. 哦,我和同學(xué)們一起學(xué)習(xí)。2. Have you ever studied with a group ? 你曾經(jīng)參加過學(xué)習(xí)小組嗎?Yes , I have . I’ve learned a lot that way . 是的,參加過。通過這種方式我學(xué)了許多。
一、Section A該部分有4個(gè)模塊。第一模塊圍繞Whose volleyball is this? 這一話題展開思維( 1a)、聽力(1b)、口語( 1c)訓(xùn)練;第二模塊圍繞上一模塊中的話題進(jìn)行聽力( 2a-2b)、口語訓(xùn)練( 2c);第三模塊繼續(xù)圍繞前兩個(gè)模塊中的“making inferences”展開訓(xùn)練。訓(xùn)練形式為閱讀排序( 3a)和兩人問答(3b);第四模塊仍就上一話題展開討論。二、Section B該部分有4個(gè)模塊。第一模塊要求根據(jù)圖畫和所提供的單詞寫出合理的句子;第二模塊在聽力( 2a-2b)和分角色口語訓(xùn)練( 2c)的基礎(chǔ)上,繼續(xù)進(jìn)行“推測”訓(xùn)練; 第三模塊圍繞“Strange events in Bell Tower neighborhood”這一話題展開閱讀( 3a)和寫作(3b -3c)訓(xùn)練;第四模塊以dream為話題展開小組活動(dòng)。三、Self Check該部分有3個(gè)模塊。第一模塊以填空形式對所學(xué)詞匯進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練;第二模塊就8個(gè)諺語展開閱讀和討論。
The First PeriodⅠ.Teaching Aims and DemandsKnowledge Objects(1) Key Vocabularytiring, educational, fascinating, thrilling, peaceful, exotic, trek, jungle, take it easy, explore, historic, site(2) Target LanguageWhere would you like to go on vacation?I’d like to trek through the jungle, because I like exciting vacations.2. Ability Objects(1)Train students to talk about places they would like to visit with the target language.(2)Train students to describe vacations with different adjectives.(3)Train students' listening skill.3. Moral Object,It′s more interesting to go on vacating somewhere instead of staying at home.Ⅱ. Teaching Key Points1. Key Vocabularytiring, educational, fascinating, thrilling, peaceful, exotic, trek, jungle, take it easy, explore, historic, site2. Target LanguageTalk about different places with the target language.Ⅲ. Teaching Difficult Points1. Describe vacations with different adjectives.2. Talk about different places with the target language.Ⅳ. Teaching Methods1. Teaching by illumination2. Teaching by doing chain drills3. Teaching by pairworkⅤ. Teaching Aids1. A tape recorder2. Some pictures of different places with famous views
課件出示:(1)我的小報(bào)設(shè)計(jì)構(gòu)想:古典名著是我最喜歡的讀本,除了老師規(guī)定的板塊設(shè)計(jì)外,我增加了“人物形象我評說”的新板塊,我畫了人物簡筆畫,畫面配上了簡潔的評語……(2)我的小小說《找錢》:我先讀一讀我的小說,再說一說我創(chuàng)作小說的經(jīng)驗(yàn)?!瓉G錢是我們生活中常有的事情,材料就選自我們身邊。找錢的過程最好安排得一波三折,情節(jié)要有波瀾,我把兩個(gè)身邊同學(xué)丟錢找錢的事情融合在一起,通過三次滿懷希望的尋找和三次失望的轉(zhuǎn)折,使得小說情節(jié)引人入勝。小說中大量的人物心理描寫,凸顯了人物性格——疑神疑鬼,沒心沒肺。最后小說的結(jié)尾出人意料,卻又在情理之中……【設(shè)計(jì)意圖】綜合性學(xué)習(xí)的匯報(bào)課,檢查學(xué)生自主探究學(xué)習(xí)的成果。四小組分四個(gè)不同的板塊分別匯報(bào),內(nèi)容清晰,任務(wù)明確。有個(gè)人匯報(bào)評價(jià)得分,也有小組綜合評價(jià)得分,評出優(yōu)勝者和優(yōu)勝小組。通過競爭激發(fā)課堂活力,通過合作增強(qiáng)集體榮譽(yù)感,通過展示刺激表現(xiàn)欲,讓學(xué)生成為真正的課堂主人。
【教學(xué)提示】教師可以示范分析其中兩個(gè)意象,注意引導(dǎo)學(xué)生把握普通事物之所以形成詩歌意象的原因,領(lǐng)悟詩歌意象的內(nèi)蘊(yùn)意義。3.詩人在詩中運(yùn)用了許多表修飾、限制的形容詞和數(shù)量詞,它們有什么特點(diǎn)?它們共同突出了詩歌中四個(gè)意象的什么特征?請你簡要說說它們在詩歌中的表達(dá)效果。明確:“一枚”“一張”“一方”“一灣”四個(gè)數(shù)量詞和“小小的”“窄窄的”“矮矮的”“淺淺的”四個(gè)形容詞,都是面積小重量輕的詞語。然而,郵票雖小,卻承載了母子深情;船票雖窄,卻聯(lián)系著夫妻之間濃濃的戀情;矮矮的墳?zāi)?,盛不下生死離情之痛;海峽雖淺,隔斷的思鄉(xiāng)哀愁卻是如此之深。這一系列限定修飾詞,都反襯了鄉(xiāng)愁的濃郁。目標(biāo)導(dǎo)學(xué)四:把握詩歌藝術(shù)特征探究:本詩除了在意象選取上頗費(fèi)心思,在結(jié)構(gòu)藝術(shù)上也見出筆力。請同學(xué)們說說,本詩還具有哪些令你欣賞的藝術(shù)特征。
目標(biāo)導(dǎo)學(xué)一:理清本文思路1.課文主要是從哪些方面來寫“春”的?你能劃分出文章的結(jié)構(gòu)層次嗎?全文圍繞一個(gè)“春”字,寫了盼喜、繪春、贊春三個(gè)部分。作者運(yùn)用總分總的結(jié)構(gòu),第1—2自然段盼春,第3—7自然段繪春,第8—10自然段贊春。2.細(xì)讀第③—⑦段,交流討論:作者具體描繪了春天的哪些景物?如果將這些景物看成一幅幅的春景圖,你能不能分別給它們擬一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)娜齻€(gè)字的小標(biāo)題?作者分別從萆、花、風(fēng)、雨、人五個(gè)方面具體描繪春天,這五幅畫面分別為春草圖、春花圖、春風(fēng)圖、春雨圖和迎春圖。3.你認(rèn)為作者筆下哪幅畫面最美?美在哪里?你能為你最喜歡的畫面配上一句古詩嗎?示例一:“春草圖”——這是一幅生機(jī)勃勃的畫面,令人見之則精神振奮??膳洹皽\草才能沒馬蹄這句古詩?!?/p>
二、教學(xué)新課?目標(biāo)導(dǎo)學(xué)一:品讀語言之美 請找出你認(rèn)為最妙的一個(gè)詞、最美的一句話,最精彩的一段文字,讀一讀,品一品。如生動(dòng)的景物描寫;貼切的修辭;特殊的句式;含義深刻的語句;精當(dāng)?shù)挠迷~……1.寫景的句子 (1)第四自然段“這南方初春的田野,大塊小塊的新綠隨意地鋪著,有的濃,有的淡;樹上的嫩芽也密了;田里的冬水也咕咕地起著水泡?!狈治觯哼@段描繪了新綠、嫩芽、冬水,展現(xiàn)了春天的氣息,生命的呼喚,寫得富有詩意,讀后使人似乎聞到了鄉(xiāng)間田野泥土的芬芳,襯托了一家人散步時(shí)祥和、歡樂的情緒。 (2)第七自然段“她的眼隨小路望去:那里有金色的菜花,兩行整齊的桑樹,盡頭一口水波粼粼的魚塘?!?/p>
目標(biāo)導(dǎo)學(xué)四:學(xué)以致用,學(xué)習(xí)刻畫形象點(diǎn)撥:作者在描寫父親背影的過程中,綜合運(yùn)用了外貌描寫與動(dòng)作描寫的方法。在描寫外貌時(shí),抓住父親穿著簡陋與肥胖的典型特征,在動(dòng)作描寫中也集中體現(xiàn)出攀月臺(tái)不易的形象。作者這種抓住典型特征做簡要勾畫來表現(xiàn)出人物形象的方法叫白描手法。引導(dǎo):在你的印象中,是否也有人給你留下過如此感動(dòng)的回憶呢?請你仔細(xì)回憶當(dāng)時(shí)的場景,具體到對方做了什么動(dòng)作,他(她)是什么形象,或說了什么話,將這些記錄下來,記住要表現(xiàn)描寫對象的主要特征。第2課時(shí)一、復(fù)習(xí)回顧、引入新課在上一課時(shí),我們仔細(xì)分析了朱自清先生刻畫的“背影”形象,這個(gè)形象如此令人感動(dòng)。然而細(xì)心的同學(xué)恐怕已經(jīng)明顯地感受到朱先生的情感在文中有著極大的變化,而父親對孩子的感情也未必就是爬月臺(tái)買橘子那樣簡單,這節(jié)課,就讓我們更加深入地走進(jìn)本文的情感世界。
二、教學(xué)新課?目標(biāo)導(dǎo)學(xué)一:鑒賞描寫,分析形象1.課文中哪些語句寫出狼的貪婪兇惡、狡詐陰險(xiǎn)的本性的?貪婪兇惡:綴行甚遠(yuǎn);一狼得骨止一狼仍從;后狼止而前狼又至;而兩狼之并驅(qū)如故。狡詐陰險(xiǎn):一狼徑去,其一犬坐于前。目似瞑,意暇甚;意將遂入以攻其后也。2.文章是如何來刻畫屠戶的形象的?(要求從人物描寫方法并以課文例句加以分析)(1)心理描寫:懼——投骨避狼;大窘——骨盡狼仍從;恐——前后受其敵;悟——刀劈兩狼。作者寫出了屠戶從妥協(xié)退讓,到當(dāng)機(jī)立斷、奮起殺狼這一心理發(fā)展變化的過程。(2)動(dòng)作描寫:“投以骨”“復(fù)投之”寫屠戶試圖投骨避狼,結(jié)果無效?!邦櫋薄氨肌薄耙小薄俺凇薄俺帧蔽鍌€(gè)動(dòng)詞,寫屠戶迅速搶占有利的地形,保衛(wèi)自己,準(zhǔn)備反擊。“暴起”“劈”“斃”寫屠戶趁一狼徑去,一狼假寐的有利時(shí)機(jī),當(dāng)機(jī)立斷,奮起殺狼,取得勝利?!稗D(zhuǎn)視”“斷”“斃”等動(dòng)詞寫屠戶高度警惕,果斷出擊,再獲全勝。
1.第②段中作者用了哪幾種修辭手法來說明“鳥兒的苦悶”?請舉例說明。引用:“摶扶搖而直上”說明鳥兒的自由翱翔與籠子里的鳥對比,表達(dá)了作者的同情。反問:“胳膊上架著的鷹,有時(shí)頭上蒙著一塊皮子;羽翮不整的蜷伏著不動(dòng),哪里有半點(diǎn)瞵視昂藏的神氣?”表達(dá)作者對空中霸主“鷹”遭遇的同情。類比:“粘在膠紙上的蒼蠅”與“籠子里的鳥”類比,形象直白。反語:“優(yōu)待”。2.文章②段和第⑦段運(yùn)用了什么手法?在文中有什么作用?運(yùn)用反襯手法,用籠中鳥、寒鴉、鴟梟反襯生活在自由天地中那些鳥的可愛,同時(shí)突出的表達(dá)了作者不滿于囚禁似的籠中養(yǎng)鳥養(yǎng)鳥的做法。3.作者托物寓意。從作者對各種鳥的描寫中,你感悟到作者希望有怎樣的社會(huì)和人生?作者希望建立自由、平等、幸福、美好、沒有強(qiáng)權(quán)、沒有欺壓、沒有貧困的社會(huì)。希望有個(gè)能夠自由地發(fā)展個(gè)性和才能的人生。