⑦在我看來(lái), 探索太空是值得的。As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space.Step 10 Writing---draftRecently, students in our class have had heated a discussion on whether space is worth exploring. Students hold different ideas about it.30% of us think space exploration is not worthwhile. They think space is too far away from us and our daily life and is a waste of money. And the money spent on space exploration can be used to solve the earth’s problems such as starvation and pollution.On the other hand,70% think space is worth exploring because we have benefited a lot from it,such as using satellites for communication and weather forecast. What’s more,with further space research,we may solve the population problem by moving to other planets one day. Also,space research will enable us to find new sources to solve the problem of energy shortages on the earth.As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space. Not only can it promote the development of society but also enrich our life. Step 11 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1.Does the writer explain why he/she changed/wanted to change?2.Does the writer tell how the changes have improved or will improve his/her life?3.Is the text well-organised?4.Does the writer use words and expressions to show similarities and differences?5.Are there any grammar or spelling errors?6.Does the writer use correct punctuation?
Step 3 Meaning1. 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間來(lái)看將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài), 常用在賓語(yǔ)從句中。一般由“would/should +動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成。She hoped that they would meet again someday. 她希望將來(lái)有一天他們能再見面。2. was/were going to+動(dòng)詞原形: 表示過(guò)去將要發(fā)生或很有可能發(fā)生的動(dòng)作, 常用于口語(yǔ)中, 表示預(yù)言、意圖或者打算等。He was going to start work the following week. 他打算下星期開始工作。3. was/were about to do: 常用來(lái)表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作, “剛要/正要做……”。注意該結(jié)構(gòu)不與任何時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。I felt that something terrible was about to happen. 我感到某種可怕的事情即將發(fā)生。4.was/were to do: 表示“曾計(jì)劃做某事”, 如果表示“本來(lái)計(jì)劃做某事, 動(dòng)作沒實(shí)現(xiàn)”, 則需用 “was/were to have done”。She said she was to have told me about the accident. 她說(shuō)她本來(lái)想告訴我關(guān)于事故的事。5.Start, go, come, leave, see, meet等動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí): 表示就過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻而言即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。She was coming later. 她隨后就來(lái)。I had just put on my overcoat and was leaving to visit a friend of mine. 我剛穿上外套要去看我的一個(gè)朋友。
4. A:We’d like to have someone to say a word at the beginning to welcome the group.B:↙Who?A:We thought that you or Dr.Johnson might do it.B用降調(diào)說(shuō)Who,其意思是問(wèn),對(duì)方想讓誰(shuí)在開場(chǎng)時(shí)致歡迎詞。Step 6 Pronunciation---Practice1. Listen to the short conversation and mark the intonation with ↗, ↙ or ↙, ↗. Then discuss with a partner what they intend to convey by using different intonation.Owner: You know what ?↗ It’s a million-pound bank note↙.Waiter 1: Really ?↗(question)Waiter 2: Really !↙(unbelievable and surprised)Waiter 3: Really ?!↙↗(first question then surprised)2. Listen to the conversations. Underline the parts that are stressed and mark the intonation. Then talk about the implied meanings of the responses with different intonations. Listen again and repeat.1) Henry: It’s a nice suit.Owner: Oh, it’s perfect!↙(The intonation means it is very suitable for Henry.)2) Henry: Well, that’s very kind of you.Owner: Kind, sir ?↗(what you said is not right) No, it’s kind of you. You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like. Just having you sit here is a great honour !!↙(welcome you to come again)3)Henry:Well, to be honest, I have none. Oliver:(happily) What luck!(excited) Brother↗, what luck!↙(It means “Didn’t you hear it?”)Henry: Well, it may seem lucky to you but not to me!↗(angry) If this is your idea of some kind of joke, I don’t think it’s very funny. Now if you’ll excuse me, I ought to be on my way.↙(If so, I would leave.)Roderick: Please don’t go↙...(hope Henry can wait for a moment)Part B Viewing and Talking---Describe people’s changing attitudes in a film clipStep 1 Before-listening---Tell the filmYou are going to watch part of the film The Million Pound Bank Note. Look at these photos and guess what happens in the film.
Step 4: Listen again and decide if the following statements are true (T) or false (F).1 It was the first time Chen Liyan's story was reported. T口 F口2 Chen found 10,000 yuan in a small plastic bag in Taiyuan railway station口 F口3 Wang Zheng apologized to Chen because he couldn't offer her more money. T口 F口4 Chen took out a large loan to cure her daughter, T口 F口5 Wang set up a fundraising website for Chen's daughter after Chen told him about her situation. T口 F口Step 5:After listening, discuss the questions.1 What kind of person do you think Chen Liyan is?Chen Liyan is generous and honest because she returned a large sum of money to the owner.2 Did Chen return the money because she didn't need it?No. She returned the money because it was the right thing to do. Evidence for this is that she refused to accept the reward money because she felt that it had not been earned. 3 Is it common for people to do what Chen did?It depends on the culture. In some countries it is quite common to return money that has been found. In other countries, people believe "Finders are keepers!" 4 How did Wang Zheng feel about the return of his money?He must have been very happy and relieved to have gotten his money back. We know this because he thanked Chen repeatedly and even offered her a reward.5 Why did Ma Dongbao tell Wang about Chen's family?He must have had great sympathy for Chen and her daughter and wanted to help them.'We know this because he arranged help for them. 6 How did the news reporter feel about Chen's actions?The news reporter felt that it showed that money wasn't the most important thing in life. We know this because the reporter told us that this is what Chen believes. and then said, “that's a great attitude to take."
? Could you offer me some kind of work here?? I don’t want your charity, I just want an honest job.? Careless: I landed in Britain by accident.Step 7:Consolidation.? Find Henry? Roderick and Oliver were I .making a bet when they saw Henry, a poor young man. ? Know Henry? About a month ago, Henry was sailing and later he found himself carried out to sea by a strong wind. Fortunately, he 2.was spotted by a ship. And it was the ship that brought him to 3.England? Offer money to Henry ? Oliver and Roderick gave Henry a letter and told him that there was money in it. They 4.persuaded him to accept it, and made him 5.promise that it wouldn't be opened until 2 o'clock.Step 8:Language pointsa large amount of: a large quantity of; a great deal ofe.g. They bought a large amount of furniture before they moved their new house.make a bet: make an arrangement to risk money, etc. on an event of which the result is doubtful.e.g. We made a bet on the result of the match.permit sb to do something: allow somebody to do somethinge.g. My mother doesn’t permit me to ride in the street after it rained.by accident: as a result of chancee.g. I only found it by accident.stare at: look at somebody or something with the eyes wide open in a fixed gaze( in astonishment, wonder, fear, etc)to be honest: to tell you the truth; to be franke.g. To be honest, I don’t think we have a chance of winning.Step7 Homework:What do you think will happen to Henry? Will the bank-note help him or get him into trouble?
2. 您能看到, 我頭發(fā)太長(zhǎng)了。You can see that my hair is much too long.3. 無(wú)論什么時(shí)候, 只要您想回來(lái)就回來(lái)。Please come back whenever you want.4. 您僅有很少的頭發(fā)要理! You only have too little hair to cut !5. 為您服務(wù)是我的榮幸!It is my honour to serve you!Step 9 Writing(Henry is walking down the street when he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to have it cut. )H=Henry B=BarberH: Good afternoon, I’d like to have my hair cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry’s hair and continues cutting another man’s hair. ) Er, I’d really like a haircut. As you can see it’s much too long. B: (in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H: Fine, well, I’ll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber’s chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B: It’s quite expensive here, you know! Are you sure you can afford it?H: Yes. I think so. (After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B: Why Mr. . . (looks shocked)H: Adams. Henry Adams. I’m sorry. I don’t have any change. B: Please don’t worry! (wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about! Nothing at all! Please come back whenever you want, even if you only have too little hair to cut! It will be my honour to serve you!Step 10 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1. Are all the elements of a play included and in good order ?2. Do the character use suitable language ?3. Are the stage directions clear and useful ?4. Is the plot clear and exciting enough ?
【參考范文】Narrator:(Henry is smiling as he leaves the restaurant. As he is walking down the street, he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to get it cut. )H=Henry;B=Barber;R=rude manH:Good afternoon, I'd like to get a cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry's hair and continues cutting another man's hair. )Er, I'd really like a haircut. As you can see it's much too long. B:(in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H:Fine, well I'll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber's chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B:It's quite expensive here, you know!Are you sure you can afford it?H:Yes. I think so. (In comes the rude man. )R:Hey you there. I need a haircut quickly. Can you do me straightaway?B:All right, then, get in the chair and I'll see what I can do. R:Thank you. (sits down in one of the barber's chairs)H:Excuse me, but I was here first. Aren't you going to do my hair first?B:This man's in a hurry. H:Well so am I!I insist that you cut my hair first. B:OK, but I'll have to be quick. This gentleman is waiting. H:Thank you. (They both become quiet. After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B:Why, Mr . . . (looks shocked)H:Adams. Henry Adams. I'm sorry, I don't have any change. R:You're that Mr Adams! Well,I'm glad I waited or I might never have known it was you. B:Why, Mr Adams, please don't worry!(wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about!Nothing at all!Please come back any time, even if you only need too little hairs cut!It will be my honour to serve you!
師:中國(guó)飲食影響別國(guó),就充分說(shuō)明了世界各地的文化在不斷融合、發(fā)展,但是在這過(guò)程中,也會(huì)有因文化差異引起的尷尬、矛盾或沖突,你知道該怎么處理嗎 ?案例回放:1. 不接受贊美 =虛偽? 總結(jié):西方人樂于贊美別人,同時(shí)也樂于接受別人的贊美。而中國(guó)人為了顯示謙恭,常常會(huì)“拒絕“他人的贊美。這種“拒絕”會(huì)讓老外覺得莫明其妙, 好像你不領(lǐng)他的情似的。2. 要不要付小費(fèi) ?在美國(guó)給小費(fèi)是一個(gè)很常見的現(xiàn)象。從餐廳吃飯、坐出租車、讓酒店工作 人員幫你拿行李等等,都需要給一定數(shù)額的小費(fèi)作為給對(duì)方勞動(dòng)的一個(gè)認(rèn)可和補(bǔ)償 . 大部分情況是占你消查數(shù)額的15%左右。當(dāng)然你可以根據(jù)這家餐廳/ 酒店的高級(jí)程度,服務(wù)的質(zhì)量有所調(diào)壁。但是不給小費(fèi)一般是一種不禮貌的行為,而且會(huì)讓你成為不受歡迎的客人??偨Y(jié):我們要了解差異,并學(xué)會(huì)尊重差異。 活動(dòng)總結(jié):中國(guó)文化也在不斷走向世界。請(qǐng)你課后去收集一些類似的報(bào)道 .感受多元文化的魅力。
(一)、教材地位:我說(shuō)課的內(nèi)容是人教版高二歷史(必修3)第五單元《從“師夷長(zhǎng)技”到維新變法》。本課主要講述了鴉片戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)后中國(guó)思想界發(fā)生的巨大變化,所講述內(nèi)容對(duì)中國(guó)近百年的歷史走向,對(duì)近代中國(guó)政治發(fā)展所產(chǎn)生的影響是至關(guān)重要的,所以這節(jié)課在教材中具有重要的地位和作用,同時(shí)也是本冊(cè)書中的重要章節(jié)。(二)、課標(biāo)要求:《高中歷史新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》對(duì)這一節(jié)內(nèi)容作了這樣的要求:了解鴉片戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)以后中國(guó)人學(xué)習(xí)西方 尋求變革的思想歷程,理解維新變法思想在近代中國(guó)社會(huì)發(fā)展中所起的作用。(三)、教學(xué)目標(biāo):根據(jù)課標(biāo)要求、教材內(nèi)容和學(xué)生的具體情況,確立以下教學(xué)目標(biāo):1、知識(shí)與能力:(1)識(shí)記:林則徐被稱為“開演看世界的第一人”;魏源的“師夷長(zhǎng)技以制夷”思想;洋務(wù)派“師夷長(zhǎng)技以自強(qiáng)”思想;早期維新思想和90年代維新思想;
過(guò)度:誠(chéng)如牛頓所說(shuō) 我之所以能夠取得今天的成就有很大原因是站在巨人的肩膀之上設(shè)問(wèn)3:為什么這個(gè)時(shí)代選擇了達(dá)爾文來(lái)完成這一偉大的發(fā)現(xiàn)呢?(達(dá)爾文的個(gè)人努力)補(bǔ)充材料:(1831年起,他隨“貝格爾號(hào)”考察艦進(jìn)行環(huán)球考察5年??疾旖Y(jié)束后,在整理考察資料和實(shí)物標(biāo)本的基礎(chǔ)上,經(jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)期的研究,于1859年出版了《物種起源》一書,確立了生物的進(jìn)化論說(shuō)明達(dá)爾文的個(gè)人努力:學(xué)習(xí)、考察、學(xué)習(xí)、不迷信權(quán)威、勇于挑戰(zhàn)、不斷探索的精神,飽覽群書,挑戰(zhàn)和假設(shè)建立在大量的閱讀和觀察的基礎(chǔ)上,科學(xué)實(shí)證等等??梢哉f(shuō)達(dá)爾文身上有那個(gè)時(shí)代的一個(gè)濃縮的特征,當(dāng)然他還有點(diǎn)運(yùn)氣,不過(guò),機(jī)遇永遠(yuǎn)是為那些有準(zhǔn)備的人提供的。)探究:達(dá)爾文“進(jìn)化論”的影響思路引領(lǐng):科學(xué)理論發(fā)展的影響可以從哪些方面分析?(經(jīng)濟(jì)、科學(xué)理論本身、人文學(xué)科、社會(huì)影響(對(duì)宗教,社會(huì)),對(duì)其他國(guó)家的影響)設(shè)問(wèn):達(dá)爾文進(jìn)化論對(duì)1859年及以后的社會(huì)帶來(lái)了非常深遠(yuǎn)的影響。有哪些影響呢?①挑戰(zhàn)封建神學(xué)的神創(chuàng)世,促進(jìn)人類認(rèn)識(shí)的飛躍
2、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的功用:(1)功用:提供文件傳輸、電子信箱、聊天等服務(wù),在社會(huì)各個(gè)領(lǐng)域發(fā)揮了巨大的作用,標(biāo)志著信息化社會(huì)的出現(xiàn)。(2)特點(diǎn):網(wǎng)絡(luò)媒體作為一種新的傳播媒體,具有界面直觀、音色兼?zhèn)?、鏈接靈活和高速傳輸?shù)奶攸c(diǎn)。3、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的影響:教師提問(wèn),學(xué)生思考回答,教師總結(jié) (1)信息經(jīng)濟(jì)在世界各地全面發(fā)展,加快了經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的步伐;(2)傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)也借助互聯(lián)網(wǎng)提高管理水平,并通過(guò)全球營(yíng)銷和采購(gòu)擴(kuò)大市場(chǎng);(3)在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時(shí)代,人們可以在家里完成很多工作,提高了工作效率,增加了樂趣;(4)人們的社會(huì)交往方式也發(fā)生著改變。(5)也帶來(lái)一些負(fù)面影響?!竞献魈骄俊?:青少年如何對(duì)待網(wǎng)絡(luò):互聯(lián)網(wǎng)在給社會(huì)帶來(lái)巨大效能的同時(shí),也帶來(lái)了巨大的挑戰(zhàn)。青少年應(yīng)該提高自身的道德素養(yǎng),樹立正確的網(wǎng)絡(luò)觀,讓網(wǎng)絡(luò)發(fā)揮出應(yīng)有的作用。
這是略帶提高性的問(wèn)題,旨在提高學(xué)生認(rèn)識(shí)歷史的能力,搞清這一歷史問(wèn)題有助于理解中西歷史發(fā)展的不同。(學(xué)生討論,教師總結(jié)歸納并展示。)不是資產(chǎn)階級(jí)民主思想,因?yàn)樗鼈兪琴Y本主義萌芽的產(chǎn)物,資產(chǎn)階級(jí)作為一個(gè)階級(jí)還沒有產(chǎn)生。中國(guó)民主思想只停留在批判的層次上,并沒有提出新的思想,更沒有認(rèn)識(shí)到人的基本權(quán)利。它沒有成為主流思想,因此沒有促進(jìn)明清社會(huì)的轉(zhuǎn)型,尚未突破封建思想的束縛。而啟蒙思想集中力量批判專制主義、教權(quán)主義,描繪了未來(lái)資本主義社會(huì)的宏偉藍(lán)圖,開成了強(qiáng)大的社會(huì)思潮,推動(dòng)了社會(huì)向資本主義社會(huì)的轉(zhuǎn)變。原因:(1)明清之際的資本主義萌芽較為脆弱,使早期民主思想的產(chǎn)生、發(fā)展缺乏強(qiáng)有力的物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)。(2)中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化的束縛和影響。(3)高度強(qiáng)化的專制中央集權(quán)制度的壓制使早期民主思想未能形成完整的體系。
在學(xué)生正確掌握了三民主義的進(jìn)步性和局限性之后,提出第五個(gè)問(wèn)題:三民主義的局限性是由什么決定的?這一問(wèn)題學(xué)生較易回答,為進(jìn)入下一目教學(xué)打下基礎(chǔ)。二、三民主義的實(shí)踐這目?jī)?nèi)容在新課導(dǎo)入時(shí)已經(jīng)涉及,故進(jìn)行略講,主要采用談話法,與學(xué)生一起回憶、交流。在此基礎(chǔ)上,提出探究問(wèn)題五:在三民主義指導(dǎo)下,孫中山先生進(jìn)行的一系列革命斗爭(zhēng)其結(jié)局怎樣?為什么會(huì)這樣?第一問(wèn)學(xué)生較易回答,第二問(wèn)我組織學(xué)生進(jìn)行交流、討論。在學(xué)生回答的基礎(chǔ)上,我將向?qū)W生指出:由于三民主義的局限性,它不能指導(dǎo)中國(guó)民主革命走向成功,中國(guó)革命呼喚新的理論指導(dǎo)。從而過(guò)渡到下一目教學(xué)。三、舊三民主義發(fā)展為新三民主義1、背景:情境再現(xiàn),激發(fā)興趣分析資料,感悟新知多媒體播放電影《孫中山》片段讓學(xué)生感受在一系列革命斗爭(zhēng)失敗后,孫中山先生的彷徨、思索。
3、總結(jié)(這部分要5分鐘)學(xué)生在教師的提示和問(wèn)題的引導(dǎo)下,完成對(duì)本節(jié)課的知識(shí)的歸納和小結(jié)。利用簡(jiǎn)煉、清晰的語(yǔ)言,再一次的突出本節(jié)課的重點(diǎn),起到畫龍點(diǎn)睛的作用,培養(yǎng)了學(xué)生的表達(dá)能力。4、鞏固練習(xí)(這部分要10分鐘)用大屏幕投影把題目投影在屏幕上,讓學(xué)生思考,然后回答。這部分安排10分鐘的時(shí)間,讓學(xué)生思考完成具有針對(duì)性的練習(xí),進(jìn)行知識(shí)鞏固和教學(xué)效果反饋,及時(shí)糾正錯(cuò)誤的理解和片面的認(rèn)識(shí)。5、板書設(shè)計(jì)在板書中,我根據(jù)板書的“規(guī)范、工整和美觀”的要求,結(jié)合所學(xué)的內(nèi)容,設(shè)計(jì)了如圖所示的板書。在其中,注重了重、難點(diǎn)的突出,使學(xué)生對(duì)知識(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)、層次、重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)一目了然,便于記憶和理解。四、效果分析對(duì)于反射的判斷,學(xué)生仍有可能出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤,如刺激坐骨神經(jīng)肌肉的收縮,教師應(yīng)強(qiáng)調(diào)沒有完整的反射弧結(jié)構(gòu)參與的不是反射。
5、歸納小結(jié),當(dāng)堂演練(10分鐘)1、肉食動(dòng)物不可能是一條食物鏈中的第幾營(yíng)養(yǎng)級(jí)()A.第五B.第二C.第三D.第四2、對(duì)水稻→鼠→蛇→鷹這條食物鏈的錯(cuò)誤描述是()A.水稻是生產(chǎn)者B.鼠是初級(jí)消費(fèi)者C.蛇是次級(jí)消費(fèi)者D.鷹屬于第三營(yíng)養(yǎng)級(jí)3、在下列生物中,屬于分解的是()A.藍(lán)藻B.草履蟲C.蘑菇D.蝗蟲4、從生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的組成成分看,硝化細(xì)菌和蚯蚓屬于()A.生產(chǎn)者和分解者B.生產(chǎn)者和消費(fèi)者C.消費(fèi)者和分解者D.分解者和消費(fèi)者5、下列哪組生物可和無(wú)機(jī)環(huán)境組成一個(gè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)()A.水藻、鳥B.小魚、大魚C.小草、昆蟲、細(xì)菌D.水藻、蝦6、對(duì)草→昆蟲→食蟲鳥→鷹這條食物鏈的敘述,正確的是()A.有四個(gè)營(yíng)養(yǎng)級(jí),兩個(gè)次級(jí)消費(fèi)者B.有三個(gè)營(yíng)養(yǎng)級(jí),一個(gè)生產(chǎn)者C.食蟲鳥是第三營(yíng)養(yǎng)級(jí)、次級(jí)消費(fèi)者D.有三個(gè)營(yíng)養(yǎng)級(jí),三個(gè)消費(fèi)者(設(shè)計(jì)意圖)進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單扼要的課堂小結(jié)與練習(xí),可以把課堂傳授的知識(shí)盡快地轉(zhuǎn)化為學(xué)生的素質(zhì);也可使學(xué)生更深刻地理解理論在實(shí)際生活中的應(yīng)用。
二、應(yīng)用生長(zhǎng)調(diào)節(jié)劑的注意事項(xiàng)1、效果不穩(wěn)定。2、使用時(shí)期。3、使用濃度和方法。4、使用生長(zhǎng)調(diào)節(jié)劑僅是葡萄栽培管理的輔助手段,不能盲目孤立地依賴生長(zhǎng)調(diào)節(jié)劑。生2:我們小組查的資料是關(guān)于小麥?zhǔn)褂蒙L(zhǎng)調(diào)節(jié)劑。小麥應(yīng)用植物生長(zhǎng)調(diào)節(jié)劑,可以調(diào)節(jié)植株的生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育,具有控旺促壯、增強(qiáng)抗逆性、增加粒重、提高產(chǎn)量并有利于優(yōu)質(zhì)、早熟等多重效果。生3:我找了一篇生長(zhǎng)調(diào)節(jié)劑對(duì)矮牽牛大型穴盤生產(chǎn)。師:上面三位同學(xué)利用課下的時(shí)間,在網(wǎng)上查的三段文字都相當(dāng)?shù)牟诲e(cuò),大家可以從中學(xué)到一些書本上沒有的知識(shí),請(qǐng)大家結(jié)合剛剛?cè)煌瑢W(xué)的三段文字以及自己平時(shí)所積累的知識(shí),討論以下幾個(gè)問(wèn)題。師:你知道哪些農(nóng)產(chǎn)品在生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中使用了植物生長(zhǎng)調(diào)節(jié)劑?師:哪些水果在上市前有可能使用了乙烯利?師:生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中施用植物生長(zhǎng)調(diào)節(jié)劑,會(huì)不會(huì)影響農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的品質(zhì)?師:如果你是水果銷售員,面對(duì)半青不熟的水果,你認(rèn)為應(yīng)當(dāng)使用乙烯利催熟嗎?作為一個(gè)消費(fèi)者,你又怎么看?
1.潛在價(jià)值──某種不知名的昆蟲。間接價(jià)值──每個(gè)物種都維系著它們所在的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)和功能。直接價(jià)值──蘆葦是一種重要的造紙?jiān)?;蟬蛻是一種動(dòng)物性藥物;魯班通過(guò)觀察某種葉片的葉緣得到啟示,研制出了木工用的鋸;海洋和森林等生態(tài)系統(tǒng)能陶冶情操、激發(fā)創(chuàng)作的靈感。2.主要的困難是,一些發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家(如美國(guó)、加拿大和歐盟國(guó)家等),拒絕核準(zhǔn)或遲遲不予核準(zhǔn)該議定書。主要爭(zhēng)議的問(wèn)題是,這些國(guó)家擔(dān)心影響本國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展和其他國(guó)家可能不承擔(dān)相應(yīng)的責(zé)任。例如,美國(guó)政府在2003年3月以“減少溫室氣體排放將會(huì)影響美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展”和“發(fā)展中國(guó)家也應(yīng)該承擔(dān)減排和限排溫室氣體的義務(wù)”為由,宣布拒絕執(zhí)行《京都議定書》。建議世界各國(guó)特別是發(fā)展中國(guó)家聯(lián)合起來(lái),通過(guò)聯(lián)合國(guó)大會(huì)和各國(guó)的政府以及民間組織等多種途徑,呼吁每年大量產(chǎn)生溫室氣體的發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家率先核準(zhǔn)《京都議定書》(我國(guó)政府早在2002年9月就核準(zhǔn)了《京都議定書》)。
主要讓學(xué)生明確以下觀點(diǎn):(1)自然生態(tài)系統(tǒng)是人類生存的基本環(huán)境;(2)人類活動(dòng)的干擾正在全球范圍內(nèi)使生態(tài)系統(tǒng)偏離穩(wěn)定狀態(tài);(3)人類生存與發(fā)展的命運(yùn)就掌握在自己手中,但又受到自然規(guī)律的制約。反思總結(jié),練習(xí)鞏固:對(duì)本節(jié)知識(shí)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行回顧,整理出簡(jiǎn)要的知識(shí)主線,為學(xué)生系統(tǒng)性復(fù)習(xí)鞏固提供思路,課件展示老師課前收集準(zhǔn)備的相關(guān)練習(xí)題,指導(dǎo)學(xué)生完成練習(xí)題,加學(xué)生深對(duì)本節(jié)知識(shí)的理解把握。結(jié)課布置作業(yè):我們已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)了生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性,那么,生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的各種功能之間的關(guān)系是怎樣的呢?在下一節(jié)課我們一起來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)這一方面的內(nèi)容。這節(jié)課后大家可以先預(yù)習(xí)這一部分,著重分析他們之間的關(guān)系。并完成本節(jié)的課后練習(xí)及課后延伸拓展作業(yè)。達(dá)到對(duì)本節(jié)內(nèi)容知識(shí)的鞏固提高和延展的目的。八、板書設(shè)計(jì)第五節(jié)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性一、 生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性概念1.概念:生態(tài)系統(tǒng)所具有的保持或恢復(fù)自身結(jié)構(gòu)和功能相對(duì)穩(wěn)定的能力,
指導(dǎo)學(xué)生閱讀圖3.8,讓同學(xué)們討論山西省三類工業(yè)發(fā)展變化的情況??梢钥闯?,采掘業(yè)占工業(yè)增加值的比重在1985~1995年間有所上升,但在1995~2000年下降,且下降速度很快。原料工業(yè)始終在增加,且有越來(lái)越快的趨勢(shì)。加工工業(yè)1985~1995年間比重下降,到2000年幾乎停滯不前。這說(shuō)明山西省雖然實(shí)現(xiàn)了產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的升級(jí),但還是限于初級(jí)加工階段,工業(yè)發(fā)展水平還不高。山西省只是一個(gè)能源大省,并不是一個(gè)工業(yè)大省,更不是經(jīng)濟(jì)強(qiáng)省,山西省的改革還有很長(zhǎng)的路要走。(參考資料)《急需調(diào)整產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的山西經(jīng)濟(jì)》(山西日?qǐng)?bào)1999年11月25日)山西能源的綜合利用是一個(gè)正在發(fā)展完善的過(guò)程,教學(xué)中教師可以結(jié)合目前存在的一些問(wèn)題和困境展開討論,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生深入探究。(例如屢屢發(fā)生的礦難,以及背后隱藏的“官煤勾結(jié)”問(wèn)題,這些都是目前各種媒體關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn),相關(guān)的新聞報(bào)道,教師在課前應(yīng)該專門搜集一些,或者讓有條件上網(wǎng)的學(xué)生自己去搜集,使得課堂教學(xué)更加貼近現(xiàn)實(shí)生活。)
2、教學(xué)目標(biāo)根據(jù)我對(duì)教材的理解、結(jié)合學(xué)生的實(shí)際情況、滲透新課程的教學(xué)理念,為提高全體學(xué)生的科學(xué)素養(yǎng),按課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn),以促進(jìn)全體學(xué)生發(fā)展為目的。從知識(shí)與技能、過(guò)程與方法,情感態(tài)度與價(jià)值觀三個(gè)方向培養(yǎng)學(xué)生,擬定三個(gè)教學(xué)目標(biāo):知識(shí)與技能:(1)知道什么是動(dòng)能。(2)正確理解和運(yùn)用動(dòng)能公式分析、解答有關(guān)問(wèn)題。(3)掌握外力對(duì)物體所做的總功的計(jì)算,理解“代數(shù)和”的含義。(4)理解和運(yùn)用動(dòng)能定理。過(guò)程與方法:通過(guò)演繹推理過(guò)程,培養(yǎng)科學(xué)研究興趣,領(lǐng)略物理學(xué)中所蘊(yùn)含的嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)倪壿嬯P(guān)系。情感、態(tài)度、價(jià)值觀:通過(guò)運(yùn)用動(dòng)能定理分析解決問(wèn)題,感受成功的喜悅,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生對(duì)科學(xué)研究的興趣。3、教學(xué)的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)重點(diǎn):理解動(dòng)能定理、應(yīng)用動(dòng)能定理解決力學(xué)問(wèn)題。難點(diǎn):應(yīng)用動(dòng)能定理解決多個(gè)過(guò)程的力學(xué)問(wèn)題,以及變力做功或曲線運(yùn)動(dòng)中的動(dòng)能定理運(yùn)用。