預(yù)設(shè) 示例1:“板塊背上馱著許多大陸,當板塊向一個或另一個方向運動時,大陸也隨之一起運動?!薄榜W”字形象地寫出了大陸漂移的樣子,使抽象的理論變得生動、有趣、易懂。示例2:“位于南極中心部位的南極洲是全球的大冰箱。”運用了打比方的說明方法,形象地說明了南極洲寒冷的程度和南極洲在地球生態(tài)環(huán)境中的重要位置。 示例3:“一立方英寸被壓扁的沙子比一立方英寸普通的沙子要重得多?!边\用作比較的說明方法,說明同體積被壓扁的沙子比普通沙子重得多的特點?!驹O(shè)計意圖】本環(huán)節(jié)設(shè)計的三個層次的語言賞析,讓學生深入文本體會、學習語言簡明精練、邏輯性強、幽默風趣的特點,提高學生的語言鑒賞能力,為今后的說明文寫作夯實基礎(chǔ)。四、總結(jié)拓展,激發(fā)思維所選的兩篇課文就同一對象——恐龍從不同角度思考,從而發(fā)現(xiàn)新的論據(jù)或得出新的結(jié)論。文章給了我們一些有益的啟示:不同領(lǐng)域的科學發(fā)現(xiàn)可以互相啟發(fā),從而有新的發(fā)現(xiàn);要學會從不同角度思考問題。選擇下面兩個探討任務(wù)之一課外完成。
評價:這段話表明傅雷朋友的角色。他把孩子當成朋友,為人生得一知己而感到興奮、自豪。在讀這段話時聲音應(yīng)洪亮,感情應(yīng)充沛。小結(jié):我們組還發(fā)現(xiàn)傅雷對傅聰?shù)姆Q呼有很多,如聰、聰兒、孩子、親愛的聰、親愛的孩子。有時兩個同時用,比如“聰,親愛的孩子!”一直以來,我們都覺得父愛不善表達,可是傅雷的這些親昵直白的稱呼表達了他對傅聰?shù)膼郏沁@么的溫柔,如慈母一般。所以,讀這些稱呼時我們要讀得輕柔深情些?!驹O(shè)計意圖】這一環(huán)節(jié)不僅能展示學生的閱讀成果,還能使學生感受到閱讀的成就感,并在相互交流中產(chǎn)生更深刻的理解和感悟,在朗讀和評價中體會父愛。二、感悟成長1.解讀“虎爸”師:在同學們的閱讀分享中,傅雷這樣一個深愛兒子的父親形象深入人心。其實,傅雷早期對傅聰?shù)慕逃呛車揽恋?,是一個“虎爸”的形象。我們一起來看一則小故事。
[乙]愛是人世間最完美的一種情感,愛就像一縷冬日里的陽光,能讓饑寒交迫的人感到溫暖;愛就像一泓沙漠中的清泉,能使瀕臨絕境的人看到希望;愛就像一盞黑暗中的路燈,能讓迷惘的人找到方向。我們要讓愛永駐心中,哪怕只是對父母的一句“我愛你們”、對朋友的一句“加油”、對摔倒老人的一次伸手。多一份行動,多一份傳遞,多一種信念,盡自己的微薄之力去幫助他人,回報社會,讓愛的種子飛得更遠更廣,永遠地扎根于人們的心中?。ㄉ涣饔懻摚╊A(yù)設(shè) 乙結(jié)尾運用了比喻、排比等修辭手法,語言更加生動,富于表現(xiàn)力,尤其是排比句的運用,使得句式整齊、有氣勢,情感表達有感染力。另外,結(jié)尾段不斷重申觀點,也起到了加深聽眾印象的效果。師:除了運用修辭手法之外,根據(jù)演講稿的特點,我們還可以從哪些方面錘煉語言來增強演講的表達效果呢?(生結(jié)合演講稿的特點,討論交流)預(yù)設(shè) (1)運用一些口語、大眾化的語言,拉近與聽眾的距離。(2)多用短句,少用結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜的長句,使語意清晰,簡短易懂。
預(yù)設(shè) “海內(nèi)存知己,天涯若比鄰”一反送別詩傷感悲戚的格調(diào),體現(xiàn)出高遠的志趣和曠達的胸懷,表明誠摯的友誼可以超越時空。此句蘊含哲理,給人以莫大的安慰和鼓舞,因此成為遠隔千里的朋友間表達深情厚誼的名句。設(shè)問3:“氣蒸云夢澤,波撼岳陽城”中的“蒸”和“撼”換成“滋”和“搖”好不好?為什么?預(yù)設(shè) 不好?!罢簟笔钦趄v的意思,形象地描繪了洞庭湖霧氣蒸騰、湖面浩渺的畫面;“撼”是搖撼的意思,描繪出了洞庭湖波濤洶涌似要撼動岳陽城的雄偉壯闊的景象,且“撼”還能傳達出詩人面對湖水時心胸似乎也被震蕩,從而想要建功立業(yè)的主觀感受。如果換成“滋”和“搖”則顯得境界小、力度弱,沒有這樣的氣勢和表達效果。【設(shè)計意圖】此環(huán)節(jié)主要采用問題引領(lǐng)的方式,一步步引導學生品味詩歌中的名句和富有表現(xiàn)力的字詞,感受古人煉字的智慧,從而更加深入地理解詩歌情感和藝術(shù)手法。
1.了解演講者的觀點,領(lǐng)悟格物致知精神的內(nèi)涵。2.梳理演講者的思路,把握演講詞層層推進的結(jié)構(gòu)。 一、導入新課 1974年,美籍華裔物理學家丁肇中向全世界宣布發(fā)現(xiàn)J粒子,開辟了人們認識微觀世界的新境界,并因此于1976年獲得了諾貝爾物理學獎,成為首位用中文在諾獎頒獎典禮上發(fā)表演講的科學家,引起了世界的轟動。請同學們閱讀下面這則材料,了解他取得這項偉大成就的經(jīng)歷。1974年以前,人們認為基本粒子都可以歸納為三種夸克。丁肇中對此持懷疑態(tài)度,但他想進行實驗的想法卻遭到了幾乎所有國家大型實驗室的反對。最終,他在美國布魯克海文國家實驗室開展了實驗,經(jīng)過兩年多夜以繼日地實驗,終于發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種未曾預(yù)料過的新的基本粒子——J粒子,而它來自第四夸克。他的發(fā)現(xiàn)推翻了過去認為世界只由三種夸克組成的理論,為人類認識微觀世界開辟了一個新的境界,被稱為“物理學的十一月革命”。丁肇中也因此項發(fā)現(xiàn)在1976年獲得了諾貝爾物理學獎。
【深入研讀,探究方法】1.思路清晰、縝密。開頭緊扣論題,由“格物致知”的出處,引出對其含義的理解以及我國古代并不重視真正的“格物致知”的原因分析,澄清人們的錯誤認識;接著作者從實驗過程的兩個特點、中國學生存在的問題和作者自己的親身經(jīng)驗三個方面分析真正的“格物致知”精神的重要性;最后指出真正的“格物致知”精神的兩個意義,并發(fā)出號召。全文思路清晰,說理嚴密。2.舉例論證、道理論證和對比論證相結(jié)合,論述充分有力。文章在列舉事例時,采用正面事例和反面事例相結(jié)合的說理方法。如反面事例,文中第4段舉了王陽明“格”竹子的事例,證明了中國傳統(tǒng)的教育并不重視真正的格物致知;在第11段擺了中國學生大都偏向理論輕視實驗的事實;第12段又舉了自己到美國念物理時吃的苦頭。
【目標導航】1. 掌握即席發(fā)言的要領(lǐng)和表達技巧。2. 通過情境創(chuàng)設(shè)的訓練,克服發(fā)言時的緊張心理,學習即席發(fā)言的快速構(gòu)思方法,提高瞬時應(yīng)變和即席發(fā)言能力。3. 進行即席發(fā)言的初步嘗試,充分調(diào)動課堂參與的熱情,培養(yǎng)良好的語言習慣,表現(xiàn)出較高的文化素養(yǎng)和氣質(zhì)風度?!菊n時安排】1課時自由分成學習小組,做好活動計劃,分配小組成員交際任務(wù), 圍繞“即席講話”的這個交際主題,做好本次口語交際?!拘抡n導入】即席講話,也叫即興發(fā)言,是指在某個特定場合,臨時受到邀請,由他人提議或自己認為有必要而作的簡短講話?!窘浑H技巧】即席發(fā)言有三個特點:一、臨場性即席發(fā)言既不能事先擬就講稿,也不能進行試講,它必須靠臨時準備、臨場發(fā)揮,因此臨場性就成了即席發(fā)言最主要的特征。
第一部分(第1~4段),提出關(guān)于6500萬年前恐龍滅絕的問題,目前存在的兩種對立的理論,即“撞擊說”和“火山說”。第2和第3自然段先后舉了兩個例子提出了關(guān)于“撞擊說”和“火山說”這兩種觀點。第二部分(第5段至全文完),通過對“被壓扁的沙子”的反思,證明外星撞擊導致恐龍滅絕,支持“撞擊說”。這部分又分四層。第一層(第5、6段),說明關(guān)于恐龍滅絕的原因不僅僅是一個學術(shù)問題,我們以后也許還會遇到這種情況,因此,科學家們一直都在努力尋找證據(jù)來驗證這兩種理論。第二層(第7~10段),說明1961年一位蘇聯(lián)科學家發(fā)現(xiàn)了“斯石英”,并且介紹了它的性質(zhì),為下文佐證“撞擊說”奠定了基礎(chǔ)。第三層(第11~13段),說明斯石英不僅可以在實驗室制造,而且它在自然界中是可以存在的,不過它們只出現(xiàn)在沙子被強烈擠壓的地方。由此推斷撞擊是可以產(chǎn)生斯石英的。事實也證明,火山噴發(fā)是不會產(chǎn)生斯石英的,從而進一步佐證了“撞擊說”。
【深入研讀,探究方法】1.語言優(yōu)美,通俗易懂,妙筆生花。文章中運用“靜穆”“晶瑩”“熠熠爍爍”這些優(yōu)美鮮活的詞語,生動形象地描繪了各拉丹冬的千姿百態(tài),壯觀奇景,使文章更加的靈動,給人以無限美感。作者以自己的游覽經(jīng)歷講述,語言平實,淺顯易懂。2.主題鮮明,意味深長。文章主要講述作者的一次雪域高原之游,描寫了各拉丹冬美麗壯觀的景色和作者攀登的經(jīng)歷,給我們以啟示:做任何事情要不放棄,不半途而廢,勇往直前就能達到自己想要的目標。3.善用比喻,生動形象。文中處處可見比喻的修辭手法,“陽光……巨人” “像長發(fā)披肩”都運用了比喻的修辭手法,使各拉丹冬的景色更生動具體,富有感染力,給人以深刻的印象,引發(fā)讀者的聯(lián)想和想象。
在游戲中鞏固知識,并體會區(qū)間套的數(shù)學思想,有利于培養(yǎng)學生的數(shù)感。做游戲時間不能過長,我只安排在4分鐘內(nèi)完成,讓學生在學中樂和樂中學的興趣?!此摹等n總結(jié)今天這節(jié)課你們學了什么知識?有哪些收獲?(讓學生進行互說來結(jié)束本節(jié)課)五、說板書板書是體現(xiàn)課文內(nèi)容脈落的載體。通過板書學生可以一目了然地弄請本節(jié)課你所授的內(nèi)容知識的過程,讓人永久深記,印象深刻。我的板書設(shè)計如下:一個數(shù)的因數(shù)和倍數(shù)的求法例1、18的因數(shù)有哪幾個?18的因數(shù)有:1、2、3、6、9、18一個數(shù)的因數(shù)的個數(shù)是有限的,其中最小是1,最大的因數(shù)是它本身。方法:①哪兩個自然數(shù)積等于18,則哪兩個自然數(shù)就是這個數(shù)的因數(shù)。②哪個數(shù)能整除18,則哪個數(shù)就是這個數(shù)的因數(shù)。例2、2的倍數(shù)有哪些?一個數(shù)的倍數(shù)的個數(shù)是無限的,其中最小的倍數(shù)是它本身,沒有最大的倍數(shù)。方法:用2與所有的自然數(shù)相乘,積就是它的倍數(shù)。
2.1Match the country with the language.Step II Reading3a? let the students read the letter fast and answer the questions.? Let the students ask more questions about the letter as possible as the can.Step III Writing3b.Step IV. Pairwork2cStep V Listening2a, 2bStep V. HomeworkExercises book(1) P3Exercises book (2) P3Period FourStep I . Dictate the words and sentences in Unit1.Step II. Self-checkStep III. Check the answers for Exercises book in the unit.Step IV. Home workRevise and preparation for unit 2.教學反思:通過本單元的學習,學生基本可以談?wù)撊藗兊膰幼〕鞘屑捌渌f的語言,通過書信方式去介紹自己并尋找筆友。但在涉及到國外的一些城市時,學生對這方面的知識相對欠缺,能介紹的城市并不多,也反應(yīng)出學生課前預(yù)習不充分,這跟學生學習條件也有關(guān),大多數(shù)學生無法通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)獲取所需信息。因此,在以后的教學中要多指導學生通過計算機網(wǎng)絡(luò)獲取信息,拓寬知識面。
Period 2 (3a----Section B 2c)Preview(Pre-task): Key points: What laAdd another information about their pen pals----their language on the cardnguage does she/he speak?She/He speaks....Does she/he have any brothers and sisters? Does she/he speak English?Preview(Pre-task): Add another information about their pen pals----their language on the cardKey points: What language does she/he speak?She/He speaks....Does she/he have any brothers and sisters? Does she/he speak English?Step 1 Revision1.Revisionand dictation of the new words 2.Revise the drills they learned yesterday.(by pairwork and grammar exercise)Step 2 Leading-inT has a conversation with one student. The conversation is following:---Do you have a pen pal?---Yes, I do.---What's your pen pal's name? ---His/Her name is....---Where is your pen pal from? ---He/She is from...---Where does he/she live? ---He/She lives in....---What language does he/she speak?He/She speaks...Write the new words on the Bb. They are following: EnglishChineseJapaneseFrenchStep 3 LearnLearn the new words with the whole class.Finish 3a with the students3b Pairwork T still does an example with one student Then the Ss practise in pairs. The example is following:--Curry Muray is my pen pal. He is from the United States.---What language does he speak?
Don’t fight. =You can’t fight. (板書,教讀)教師把這些句子板書在黑板上,并請學生大聲整齊地讀祈使句和“can’t”句型,并讓學生注意兩種句型表達形式的不同和轉(zhuǎn)換,“Don’t …=You can’t…”;并對學生說:These are our school rules. (板書,教讀) You can’t break the school rules. Don’t break the school rules.(板書,教讀)步驟3 :Practicea. T: Now, each of the students is breaking one of these rules.Please finish 1a.學生看圖,完成1a的內(nèi)容,檢查答案并大聲朗讀校規(guī)。b. 聽錄音,完成1b,選出四位學生都違反了哪條校規(guī);聽之前,學生要讀會英文名。c. 請兩位學生朗讀1c部分的句型;要求學生兩人一組對話表演,SA扮演外校轉(zhuǎn)來新生,SB告知本校校規(guī)。(學生可經(jīng)過討論,多說出他們想到的校規(guī),不必只限于書上;教師應(yīng)給予幫助)2) 第二課時(2a~4)步驟1 :warming up of revisionT: What are the rules at your school?學生使用“can”或祈使句表達各條校規(guī);其中老師可引出“eat in the cafeteria outside”的表達。步驟2 :Practicea.T: Christina is an exchange student. She doesn’t know the rules. Let’s listen, what activities they’re talking about?學生聽第一遍時,完成2a;第二遍時,完成2b;b. 請學生領(lǐng)讀2c部分,看著2a完成的表格,理解2c活動的要求;分成小組針對2a進行問答;
教學過程Step 1: warming-up Sing a song---------“food and drink” Step 2: Revision1 Dictation2 Revise: What kind of noodles would you like?I’d like …What size bowl of noodles would you like?I’d like…Step 3: Presentation1 show pictures of food, ask students say the words.2 Students read the newspaper ad in 3a. Fill in blanks with words in the box. Then read the ad together, the teacher explains some difficult language points.3 Check the answers Step 4 PracticeAsk students to finish 3b in the same way according to 3a. Students read the short passage and fill in the blanks .At last, check the answers.Step 5 productionAsk students to write their own ad for dumplings, noodles, drinks, and other foods they know. Then ask students to read their partner’s ad. Then order food and drink from their partner.Step 6 Home workGroup work – make an ad about “food and drink”
三、教學建議第一課時:1. Lead in (Vocabulary)A) Before class, teacher should collect some pictures of working places. For example: Bank, TV Station, Restaurant, Police Station, Hospital ...B) In class, show students the pictures (PowerPoint, OHP). Ask students to tell the name of the working places and the name of the jobs.Shop assistant, doctor, actor, reporter, police office, waiter, bank clerk, studentC) Do exercise 1a and 3a.2. Bingo GameAsk groups of students to make up pairs of cards with a job on one and the related workplace on the other. For example, waiter / restaurant, teacher / school, doctor / hospital. Encourage students to use both the job / workplace combinations in the book and the ones that students came up during class discussions. Be sure they have twice as many sets of cards as there are students in the group. They can make two sets of cards for a single job / workplace, if necessary. Then have each group mix up its set of cards and hand their cards out in random order. Each time a student gets a pair of cards that match, he or she can lay these cards down. The goal is to have no cards in your hand at the end.3. Task OneA) Ask students to work in pairs and ask the partner what does he / she want to be in the future.e. g. :What do you / does he / does she want to be?I want to be a.Why?Because it's (adj).B) Vocabulary: Section B, 1a4. Homework 1.2.
五、教學Section B-2c1. Pair work: What do you think of the belt/sunglasses/…? What does your father/mother/… think of your scarf/belt…?2. Group work(1). Teacher shows some different kinds of school uniforms (制服)and asks : “ What do you think of your school uniforms? If you have a chance to choose your school uniforms, what kind would you like to choose?”(2). Discuss in groups.(3).Get some Ss to report in class.說明:這一步旨在讓學生運用已有的語言知識談?wù)搶κ挛锏目捶ê鸵庖姡⒑唵侮U明理由,培養(yǎng)學生的主動思維能力和運用英語的能力。六、教學拓展調(diào)查電視節(jié)目的收視率任務(wù):調(diào)查你周圍的人對現(xiàn)在各種電視節(jié)目的反響。活動過程:1.教師布置任務(wù),讓學生調(diào)查周圍的人(包括他的親戚朋友和鄰居)喜歡收看哪方面的電視節(jié)目。2.學生進行調(diào)查活動,運用本單元所學的句型What do you think of….? (Why?)What's your favorite game shows?What do you think of talk show?I doesn’t mind it.I like it.I love it.I can’t stand it.3.記錄下排在前10位的TV Program,填寫調(diào)查表,比較其收視率。
句型: Where did you go on vacation? I went to summer camp.Did she go to Central Park?Yes,she did.No, she didn’t語法:一般過去時特殊疑問句、一般疑問句及肯、否定回答。課時安排4課時第一課時:Section A:la,1b,lc,2a,2b,2c 第二課時:Section A:3a,3b,4第三課時:Section B:1,2a,2b,2c第四課時:Section B:3a,3b,3c,4 and Self Check第一課時教學目標掌握描寫假期生活的形容詞。假期里自己所做事情的簡單表達。談?wù)摷倨谧龅氖虑榧爱敃r情況。談?wù)摷倨跁r旅游的天氣,旅游者以及食物等。教學過程一、導入播放一首英文歌曲:Let’s travel 說明:通過讓學生聽節(jié)奏歡快迪斯尼英語歌曲Let’s travel.引入本節(jié)課談?wù)摰脑掝}vacation and travel. 讓歌曲使學生的思維活躍,增強課堂氣氛,激發(fā)學生提高學習英語的興趣。T:How is the trip ?Ss : It’s pretty good/ happy/exciting /relaxing/busy/dangerous/ fantastic說明:這個問題是為了操練形容詞。建議讓多個Ss作答。鼓勵他們用不同的形容詞。上述個別形容詞本應(yīng)在第二課時中出現(xiàn),但可以在warming-up中第一次非正式出現(xiàn)。這些形容詞也可在老師的評價語中適時出現(xiàn),以加深學生對詞匯的印象。
單元整體說明(一)單元教材分析本單元的核心話題是描述動物和表達個人喜好,以及句式why do you like…? Because…。這也是本單元的教學重點。通過本單元的學習,學生應(yīng)能較流利地運用所學詞匯和句型描述動物,表達個人喜好。(二)單元知識結(jié)構(gòu)1.詞匯動物名稱 tiger, elephant, koala, dolphin, etc.詞匯描述性形容詞: smart, cute, ugly, clever, shy, etc.國家名: Australia, South Africa2.句型Why do you like koala hears? Because they are cute.Where are pandas from? They're from China.What animals do you like? I like dolphins.(三)單元整體目標1.Master the vocabulary2.Master and use: Why do you like koalas? Because they am cute.Where are pandas from? They're from China.What animals do you like? I like dolphins.(四)單元教學重難點一覽(五)單元學情分析學生此前已經(jīng)學過由why, where, what 引導的特殊疑問句句型,具有了學習本單元知識的認知前提。形形色色的動物能激發(fā)學生的好奇心,產(chǎn)生了解它們的欲望,這有利于本單元知識的教學和學生學習興趣的培養(yǎng)。
Teaching Goal:1. General aims:Talk about recent past events2. Particular aims:A. Language Focus.Talk about recent past events and think of the past events.B. Language goalsHow was….?It was …What did …do over the weekend?C. Language structures:(1). How was your weekend? I was great. Pay attention to no form.(2). What did you do over the weekend? I played soccer. We went to the beach.D. Useful words and phrases:Words: was, did, went, beach, over, project, test, wasn’t, false, number, geography, spend, week, most, mixture, their, had, little, cook, read, saw, change, everyone, sit, sat, no, anythingPhrases: did one’s homework, played soccer, cleaned my room, went to the beach, played tennis, went to the movies, on Saturday morning, over the weekend, cook … for, what about, do some reading, have a party, talk show, go shoppingE. Grammar language:Present simple past tenseRegular and irregular verbsF. Learning strategies:Tour and holidaysG. Interdiscipinary:H. Emotion and manner:Teaching time: 5 periodsTeaching procedures:Period One教學步驟、時間 教師活動 學生活動 媒體應(yīng)用Step 1Free talk 3’ Ask some questions like:Who’s on duty today?What’s the weather like? Answer and talk about something.讓同學們回答下列問題1. Do you like weekend? (Let some students answer)It takes them three minutes to talk about the question.2. Why do you like weekend? (let the students answer) Most of the students like the weekend此時教師用漢語問:“在周末期間問你干了什么?這句話用英語這么回答?Let the students guess.At last the teacher give them right answer3. What did you do over the weekend?(板書、學習)
所需要用到的句子:Who is that?That is Jack. I like him.Why do you like him?I like him because he is interesting.Task 4: 設(shè)計理想中的人類Step one: 設(shè)計理想中的人類的外貌。把全班同學分成若干小組,學生可以邊說邊在紙上畫出他們的模樣。Step two: 設(shè)計理想中人類的性格。學生們可以把那些能描述性格的單詞寫在圖畫的旁邊。Step three: 每組選出一名同學,其他同組同學提問,他作簡單回答,并說明原因。所需用到的句子:What does he or she look like?He or she ...What is he or she like?He or she is ...Why?Because ...Task 5: 挑戰(zhàn)性活動調(diào)查性格是天生的還是后天形成的,讓每個同學回家去調(diào)查一下自己成長過程中性格是否有變化,具體是怎樣的,為什么會這樣? Teaching Aims:1. Enable students to have a general understanding of how to talk about people's physical appearance.2. Enable students to tackle some essential vocabularies and patterns about describing people. Provide them with necessary skills and methods.3. Create various chances for students to describe the persons they're familiar with, such as classmates, family members, teachers, idols, etc.