我們知道事物之間的矛盾會發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)化。但是,由于老子看不到轉(zhuǎn)化的條件,更看不到人的主觀能動性,因此他對人類社會的發(fā)展抱著消極悲觀的態(tài)度,幻想回到“雞犬之聲相聞,老死不相往來”的“小國寡民”的社會。他的思想,通過《老子》一書留傳了下來。后來的莊子繼承了老子的思想,把“道”作為世界最高的原則,我們可以來看發(fā)生在莊子身上的一個(gè)故事:莊子在妻子死后,居然鼓盆而歌,朋友惠施去探望時(shí)責(zé)備他,他講出一番道理:“當(dāng)我妻子剛死的時(shí)候,我怎么會不難過?可是我省思之后,覺察到她不但沒有生命,而且沒有形體;不但沒有形體,也沒有氣,然后在恍恍惚惚的情況下,變出了氣,氣再變化而出現(xiàn)形體,形體再變化而出現(xiàn)生命,現(xiàn)在又變化而回到死亡,這就好像春夏秋冬四季的運(yùn)行一樣。這個(gè)人已經(jīng)安靜地睡在天地的大屋里,而我還跟在一旁哭哭啼啼。我以為這樣是不明白生命的道理,所以才停止哭泣?。 ?/p>
師:很好!我們知道,元明清時(shí)期,我國封建社會進(jìn)入衰落時(shí)期,封建專制不斷加強(qiáng),對文人的思想控制也在不斷加強(qiáng),士大夫文人只有通過畫來表達(dá)自己的想法和內(nèi)心世界,所以這時(shí)候的畫強(qiáng)調(diào)借物抒情。大家可以再看到這幅清朝鄭板橋《墨竹圖》,竹子非常清新俊逸,抒發(fā)了一個(gè)清高的文人情懷。大家可以仔細(xì)品味,鄭板橋的竹子有種脫俗的感覺,看后讓人非常靜心。同學(xué)們,在欣賞國畫的時(shí)候,我們不是一味地去看它像不像,而要更多去體會他的精神與氣質(zhì),沒有思想與內(nèi)涵的人是畫不出一副好畫的,就算他畫技再好,他的也是沒有靈魂的。中國的水墨畫,雖然沒有涂顏料,它卻會使你感受到春天的綠,秋天的黃和冬天的白,我們可以在畫中找尋到自己精神的共鳴。好,剛剛講了這么多,現(xiàn)在請一位同學(xué)看到這表格來歸納一下每個(gè)時(shí)期國畫的不同特點(diǎn)。
2、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的功用:(1)功用:提供文件傳輸、電子信箱、聊天等服務(wù),在社會各個(gè)領(lǐng)域發(fā)揮了巨大的作用,標(biāo)志著信息化社會的出現(xiàn)。(2)特點(diǎn):網(wǎng)絡(luò)媒體作為一種新的傳播媒體,具有界面直觀、音色兼?zhèn)洹㈡溄屿`活和高速傳輸?shù)奶攸c(diǎn)。3、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的影響:教師提問,學(xué)生思考回答,教師總結(jié) (1)信息經(jīng)濟(jì)在世界各地全面發(fā)展,加快了經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的步伐;(2)傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)也借助互聯(lián)網(wǎng)提高管理水平,并通過全球營銷和采購擴(kuò)大市場;(3)在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時(shí)代,人們可以在家里完成很多工作,提高了工作效率,增加了樂趣;(4)人們的社會交往方式也發(fā)生著改變。(5)也帶來一些負(fù)面影響?!竞献魈骄俊?:青少年如何對待網(wǎng)絡(luò):互聯(lián)網(wǎng)在給社會帶來巨大效能的同時(shí),也帶來了巨大的挑戰(zhàn)。青少年應(yīng)該提高自身的道德素養(yǎng),樹立正確的網(wǎng)絡(luò)觀,讓網(wǎng)絡(luò)發(fā)揮出應(yīng)有的作用。
說教材(一)、本課在教材中的地位:教材在第3單元介紹了古代中國科技的輝煌。第四單元介紹世界近代科技成就,本課主要介紹了現(xiàn)代中國的科技成就。通過對本課的學(xué)習(xí),有利于學(xué)生感受中國科技古代輝煌、近代落后、現(xiàn)代又取得很大成就這一重要?dú)v程,因此本課在教材中具有重要作用。(二)教學(xué)內(nèi)容分析和課標(biāo)要求:本課主要介紹新中國成立以來我國科學(xué)技術(shù)成就及作用。從核研究、航空技術(shù)、農(nóng)業(yè)新品種研究、計(jì)算機(jī)應(yīng)用、生物技術(shù)五方面介紹了新中國成立以來取得的舉世矚目的成就。課標(biāo)對這部分知識作了如下的要求:列舉新中國成立以來科技發(fā)展的主要成績,認(rèn)識科技進(jìn)步在現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)中的重大作用。根據(jù)以上對教材內(nèi)容的分析和課標(biāo)要求,我將本課的三維目標(biāo)確定如下:(三)、教學(xué)目標(biāo)1、知識與能力:識記建國后六十多年來所取得的科技成就;理解科學(xué)技術(shù)是生產(chǎn)力的論斷;探究科技的發(fā)展在現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)中的重要作用。
這是略帶提高性的問題,旨在提高學(xué)生認(rèn)識歷史的能力,搞清這一歷史問題有助于理解中西歷史發(fā)展的不同。(學(xué)生討論,教師總結(jié)歸納并展示。)不是資產(chǎn)階級民主思想,因?yàn)樗鼈兪琴Y本主義萌芽的產(chǎn)物,資產(chǎn)階級作為一個(gè)階級還沒有產(chǎn)生。中國民主思想只停留在批判的層次上,并沒有提出新的思想,更沒有認(rèn)識到人的基本權(quán)利。它沒有成為主流思想,因此沒有促進(jìn)明清社會的轉(zhuǎn)型,尚未突破封建思想的束縛。而啟蒙思想集中力量批判專制主義、教權(quán)主義,描繪了未來資本主義社會的宏偉藍(lán)圖,開成了強(qiáng)大的社會思潮,推動了社會向資本主義社會的轉(zhuǎn)變。原因:(1)明清之際的資本主義萌芽較為脆弱,使早期民主思想的產(chǎn)生、發(fā)展缺乏強(qiáng)有力的物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)。(2)中國傳統(tǒng)文化的束縛和影響。(3)高度強(qiáng)化的專制中央集權(quán)制度的壓制使早期民主思想未能形成完整的體系。
在學(xué)生正確掌握了三民主義的進(jìn)步性和局限性之后,提出第五個(gè)問題:三民主義的局限性是由什么決定的?這一問題學(xué)生較易回答,為進(jìn)入下一目教學(xué)打下基礎(chǔ)。二、三民主義的實(shí)踐這目內(nèi)容在新課導(dǎo)入時(shí)已經(jīng)涉及,故進(jìn)行略講,主要采用談話法,與學(xué)生一起回憶、交流。在此基礎(chǔ)上,提出探究問題五:在三民主義指導(dǎo)下,孫中山先生進(jìn)行的一系列革命斗爭其結(jié)局怎樣?為什么會這樣?第一問學(xué)生較易回答,第二問我組織學(xué)生進(jìn)行交流、討論。在學(xué)生回答的基礎(chǔ)上,我將向?qū)W生指出:由于三民主義的局限性,它不能指導(dǎo)中國民主革命走向成功,中國革命呼喚新的理論指導(dǎo)。從而過渡到下一目教學(xué)。三、舊三民主義發(fā)展為新三民主義1、背景:情境再現(xiàn),激發(fā)興趣分析資料,感悟新知多媒體播放電影《孫中山》片段讓學(xué)生感受在一系列革命斗爭失敗后,孫中山先生的彷徨、思索。
一、教材地位《音樂與影視藝術(shù)》是人教版高中歷史必修(III)第八專題中的第三節(jié)內(nèi)容。音樂、影視藝術(shù)屬于意識形態(tài)范疇,是當(dāng)時(shí)政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)的反映,是社會進(jìn)步的產(chǎn)物。19世紀(jì)以來的音樂與影視藝術(shù)糅合了近代科學(xué)技術(shù)的元素,直接引領(lǐng)著文明發(fā)展趨勢和社會風(fēng)尚,滿足人們不同層次的審美需要和精神追求。音樂、影視藝術(shù)在人類日常生活中無處不在,已經(jīng)成為人們?nèi)粘I钪械闹匾M成部分,所以具有重要地位。本課分三個(gè)部分介紹了19世紀(jì)和20世紀(jì)音樂的發(fā)展與變化以及影視藝術(shù)的產(chǎn)生發(fā)展。下面我就談?wù)剬@節(jié)課的教學(xué)思路。二、教材分析1、課標(biāo)要求課標(biāo)的要求是:列舉19世紀(jì)以來有代表性的音樂作品,理解這些音樂作品的時(shí)代性和民族性。了解影視藝術(shù)產(chǎn)生與發(fā)展的歷程,認(rèn)識其對社會生活的影響。2、教學(xué)目標(biāo)根據(jù)新課標(biāo)、教材內(nèi)容、學(xué)生實(shí)際,確定教學(xué)目標(biāo)如下:(1)知識與能力:①列舉19世紀(jì)以來有代表性的音樂作品,理解這些音樂作品的時(shí)代性和民族性。
師:建立社會主義思想道德體系,必須牢固樹立社會主義榮辱觀。在我們的社會主義社會里,是非、善惡、美丑的界限絕對不能混淆,堅(jiān)持什么、反對什么,倡導(dǎo)什么、抵制什么,都必須旗幟鮮明。我們堅(jiān)持以熱愛祖國為榮、以危害祖國為恥,以服務(wù)人民為榮、以背離人民為恥,以崇尚科學(xué)為榮、以愚昧無知為恥,以辛勤勞動為榮、以好逸惡勞為恥,以團(tuán)結(jié)互助為榮、以損人利己為恥,以誠實(shí)守信為榮、以見利忘義為恥,以遵紀(jì)守法為榮、以違法亂紀(jì)為恥,以艱苦奮斗為榮、以驕奢淫逸為恥。課堂小結(jié)通過本節(jié)課學(xué)習(xí),使我們認(rèn)識到中國特色社會主義文化建設(shè)的中心環(huán)節(jié)是思想道德建設(shè),了解什么是社會主義思想道德,為什么要建設(shè)社會主義思想道德體系和怎樣建設(shè)社會主義思想道德體系,大力倡導(dǎo)“愛國守法、明禮誠信、團(tuán)結(jié)友善、勤儉自強(qiáng)、敬業(yè)奉獻(xiàn)”的基本道德規(guī)范。我們要大力加強(qiáng)社會主義思想道德建設(shè),為社會主義各項(xiàng)事業(yè)的發(fā)展提供強(qiáng)大的精神動力和方向保證。
(3)內(nèi)陸和中西部城鎮(zhèn)主要以煤和火電為主;廣大農(nóng)村和邊遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)大多正從使用農(nóng)作物秸稈等生物能源。(4)人均能源資源不足。我國是世界第三大能源生產(chǎn)國和第二大能源消費(fèi)國,而我國能源短缺,特別是油氣資源短缺已成為制約我國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的重要因素。相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)——煤炭、石油和天然氣的人均資源占有量只有95t,世界平均值為209t,約是世界人均值的1/2;我國人均石油可采儲量3t,世界平均值為28t,約為世界平均值的1/10。我國人均能源消費(fèi)量不足1.2噸標(biāo)準(zhǔn)煤,居世界89位,不足世界人均能源消費(fèi)水平的一半,僅占發(fā)達(dá)國家的1/5~1/10。其中人均消費(fèi)650kg標(biāo)準(zhǔn)煤,是世界平均額的95%;人均消費(fèi)石油相當(dāng)145kg標(biāo)準(zhǔn)煤,為世界平均數(shù)的16.8%;人均消費(fèi)天然氣相當(dāng)17.7kg標(biāo)準(zhǔn)煤,為世界平均數(shù)的3.9%;人均消費(fèi)電力501.5kWh,為世界平均水平的25%。(5)是能源消費(fèi)結(jié)構(gòu)不合理,突出存在著一低兩高:即電能消費(fèi)比例低,非商品生物能源消費(fèi)量高,一次性商品能源消費(fèi)中原煤消費(fèi)比重高。原煤消費(fèi)達(dá)到75%,遠(yuǎn)高于26.2%的世界平均水平。
2、教學(xué)目標(biāo)根據(jù)我對教材的理解、結(jié)合學(xué)生的實(shí)際情況、滲透新課程的教學(xué)理念,為提高全體學(xué)生的科學(xué)素養(yǎng),按課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn),以促進(jìn)全體學(xué)生發(fā)展為目的。從知識與技能、過程與方法,情感態(tài)度與價(jià)值觀三個(gè)方向培養(yǎng)學(xué)生,擬定三個(gè)教學(xué)目標(biāo):知識與技能:(1)知道什么是動能。(2)正確理解和運(yùn)用動能公式分析、解答有關(guān)問題。(3)掌握外力對物體所做的總功的計(jì)算,理解“代數(shù)和”的含義。(4)理解和運(yùn)用動能定理。過程與方法:通過演繹推理過程,培養(yǎng)科學(xué)研究興趣,領(lǐng)略物理學(xué)中所蘊(yùn)含的嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)倪壿嬯P(guān)系。情感、態(tài)度、價(jià)值觀:通過運(yùn)用動能定理分析解決問題,感受成功的喜悅,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生對科學(xué)研究的興趣。3、教學(xué)的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)重點(diǎn):理解動能定理、應(yīng)用動能定理解決力學(xué)問題。難點(diǎn):應(yīng)用動能定理解決多個(gè)過程的力學(xué)問題,以及變力做功或曲線運(yùn)動中的動能定理運(yùn)用。
設(shè)計(jì)意圖:通過設(shè)疑、討論及學(xué)生的親身體驗(yàn)與教師的引導(dǎo),得到描述圓周運(yùn)動快慢的兩個(gè)物理量,也就成功的打破了學(xué)生在認(rèn)識上的思維障礙,突破了物理概念教學(xué)的難點(diǎn)。在解決線速度和角速度的問題之后,我將引領(lǐng)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)勻速圓周運(yùn)動的概念以及勻速圓周運(yùn)動中線速度、角速度的特點(diǎn)。并引出勻速圓周運(yùn)動中周期、轉(zhuǎn)速的知識。為了加深學(xué)生對線速度、角速度與半徑關(guān)系的認(rèn)識,我設(shè)計(jì)了第三個(gè)學(xué)生體驗(yàn)活動:四名學(xué)生以我為圓心做圓周運(yùn)動,四名學(xué)生始終并列,這時(shí)里圈同學(xué)走動不急不慢,而外圈同學(xué)則要小跑。通過學(xué)生的活動,不難發(fā)現(xiàn)在角速度相同的情況下,半徑越大的線速度也越大。定性的得到了線速度、角速度與半徑的關(guān)系。接下來讓學(xué)生利用所學(xué)知識推導(dǎo)線速度、角速度與半徑的關(guān)系。設(shè)計(jì)意圖:這樣就通過設(shè)疑、學(xué)生猜想、體驗(yàn)、推導(dǎo)的方式得到了結(jié)論,突破了本節(jié)課的難點(diǎn)即線速度、角速度與半徑的關(guān)系。
Step 4 PracticeRead the conversation. Find out which words have been left out.Justin: Linlin, I’m going to Guizhou Province next month. I’m super excited! Any recommendations for places to visit?Linlin: Wow, cool! Guizhou is a province with a lot of cultural diversity. Places to visit...well, definitely the Huangguoshu Waterfall first.Justin: What’s special about the waterfall?Linlin: Well, have you ever heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West ?Justin: Yes, I have. Why ?Linlin: In the back of the waterfall, you will find a cave, which is the home of the Monkey King.Justin: Really? Cool! I’ll definitely check it out.Linlin:And I strongly recommend the ethnic minority villages. You’ll find Chinese culture is much more diverse than you thought.Justin:Sounds great, thanks.Answers:Justin: Linlin, I’m going to Guizhou Province next month. I’m super excited! Do you have any recommendations for places to visit?Linlin: Wow, that’s cool! Guizhou is a province with a lot of cultural diversity. What are some places to visit in Guizhou ? Well, definitely the Huangguoshu Waterfall is the first place to visit in Guizhou Province.Justin: What’s special about the waterfall?Linlin: Well, have you ever heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West ?Justin: Yes, I have heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West . Why do you ask if I have heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West?Linlin: In the back of the waterfall, you will find a cave, which is the home of the Monkey King from Journey to the West.Justin: That’s really true? It’s Cool! I’ll definitely check it out.Linlin:And I strongly recommend the ethnic minority villages on your trip to Guizhou Province. You’ll find Chinese culture is much more diverse than you thought it was.Justin:This all sounds great, thanks.
The topic of this part is “Describe a place with distinctive cultural identity”.This section focuses on Chinese culture by introducing Chinatown, whose purpose is to show the relationship between the Chinese culture and American culture. The Chinese culture in Chinatown is an important part of American culture. Chinatown is an important window of spreading Chinese culture and the spirit homeland of oversea Chinese, where foreigners can experience Chinese culture by themselves.Concretely, the title is “Welcome to Chinatown!”, from which we can know that the article aims at introducing Chinatown. The author used the “Introduction--Body Paragraph--Conclusion” to describe the people, language, architecture, business, famous food and drinks and people’s activities, which can be a centre for Chinese culture and shows its unique charm.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information.2. Learn the characteristics of writing and language.3. Learn to introduce your own town according to the text.4. Learn to correct others’ writing.1. Learn the characteristics of writing and language.2. Learn to introduce your own town according to the text.Step 1 Lead in ---Small talkIn the reading part, we mentioned the Chinatown of San Francisco. How much do you know about Chinatown of San Francisco ?Chinatown is a main living place for Chinese immigrants, where you can see many Chinese-style buildings, costumes, operas, restaurants, music and even hear Chinese.Step 2 Before reading ---Predict the contentWhat is the writer’s purpose of writing this text ? How do you know ?From the title(Welcome to Chinatown) and some key words from the text(tourist, visit, visitors, experience), we can know the purpose of the text is to introduce Chinatown and show the relationship between Chinese culture and American culture.
1. In Picture 1 and Picture 2, where do you think they are from? How do you know?From their wearings, we can know they are from ethnic minority of China--- Miao and Dong.Picture 1, they are playing their traditional instrument lusheng in their traditional costumes.Picture 2. the girls are Miao because they wear their traditional costumes and silver accessory.2. In Picture 3, can you find which village it is? What time is it in the picture?It is Dong village. It is at night. Step 2 While-listeningJustin met a new friend while traveling in Guizhou. Listen to their conversation and complete the summaries below.Part 1Justin and Wu Yue watched some Miao people play the lusheng. The instrument has a history of over 3,000 years and it is even mentioned in the oldest collection of Chinese poetry. Then they watched the lusheng dance. Justin wanted to buy some hand-made silver/traditional accessories as souvenirs. He was told that the price will depend on the percentage of silver. Part 2They will go to a pretty Dong minority village called Zhaoxing. they will see the drum towers and the wind and rain bridges. They may also see a performance of the Grand Song of the Dong people.Step 3 Post-listening---TalkingWork in groups. Imagine Justin is telling some friends about his trip to Guizhou. One of you is Justin and the rest of you are his friends. Ask Justin questions about his trip and experience. The following expressions may help you.
Discuss these questions in groups.Q1: Have you ever been to a place that has a diverse culture ? What do you think about the culture diversity ?One culturally diverse place that I have been to is Harbin, the capital city of Heilongjiang Province. I went there last year with my family to see the Ice and Snow Festival, and I was amazed at how the culture as different to most other Chinese cities. There is a big Russian influence there, with beautiful Russian architecture and lots of interesting restaurants. I learnt that Harbin is called “the Oriental Moscow” and that many Russians settled there to help build the railway over 100 years ago.Q2: What are the benefits and challenges of cultural diversity ?The benefits: People are able to experience a wide variety of cultures, making their lives more interesting, and it can deepen the feelings for our national culture, it is also helpful for us to learn about other outstanding culture, which helps improve the ability to respect others. The challenges: People may have trouble communicating or understanding each other, and it may lead to disappearance of some civilizations and even make some people think “The western moon is rounder than his own.”Step 7 Post reading---RetellComplete the passage according to the text.Today, I arrived back in San Francisco, and it feels good (1) _____(be) back in the city again. The city succeeded in (2)_________ (rebuild) itself after the earthquake that (3)________ (occur) in 1906, and I stayed in the Mission District, enjoying some delicious noodles mixed with cultures. In the afternoon, I headed to a local museum (4)____ showed the historical changes in California. During the gold rush, many Chinese arrived, and some opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown to earn a (5)_____ (live). Many others worked on (6)______ (farm), joined the gold rush, or went to build the railway that connected California to the east. The museum showed us (7)____ America was built by immigrants from (8)________ (difference) countries and cultures. In the evening, I went to Chinatown, and ate in a Cantonese restaurant that served food on (9)________(beauty) china plates. Tomorrow evening, I’m going to (10)__ jazz bar in the Richmond District. 答案:1. to be 2. rebuilding 3. occurred 4. that 5.living6. farms 7.how 8. different 9. beautiful 10. a
由此引導(dǎo)學(xué)生的深思,學(xué)生通過合作探究,幫助學(xué)生認(rèn)識到不注重思想道德修養(yǎng),即使掌握了豐富的科學(xué)知識,也難以避免人格上的缺失,甚至危害社會。進(jìn)而總結(jié)出關(guān)系二:加強(qiáng)思想道德修養(yǎng),能夠促進(jìn)科學(xué)文化修養(yǎng)??茖W(xué)文化修養(yǎng)的意義播放感動中國人物徐本禹先進(jìn)事跡短片。學(xué)生觀看完視頻后,思考:從徐本禹的事跡中,我們可以了解到我們加強(qiáng)科學(xué)文化修養(yǎng)的根本意義是什么?引導(dǎo)學(xué)生結(jié)合自身體會,發(fā)表各自見解,在此基礎(chǔ)上幫助學(xué)生總結(jié)出,要使自己的思想道德境界不斷升華,為人民服務(wù)的本領(lǐng)不斷提高,成為一個(gè)真正有知識文化涵養(yǎng)的人,成為一個(gè)脫離低級趣味的人、有益于人民的人。知識點(diǎn)三:追求更高的思想道德目標(biāo)根據(jù)教材110探究活動(思想道德的差異、反應(yīng)人們世界觀、人生觀、價(jià)值觀的差異)思考:用公民的基本道德規(guī)范來衡量這些觀點(diǎn),你贊成哪些觀點(diǎn)?反對哪些觀點(diǎn)?小組進(jìn)行合作探究,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生根據(jù)公民基本道德規(guī)范對這些價(jià)值觀進(jìn)行評析。
4.That was an experience that frightened everyone. →That was _____________________. 答案:1. taking 2. being discussed 3. in the reading room 4. a frightening experienceStep 6 The meaning and function of V-ing as the predicative動詞-ing形式作表語,它通常位于系動詞后面,用以說明主語“是什么”或“怎么樣”一種表示主語的特質(zhì)、特征和狀態(tài), 其作用相當(dāng)于形容詞; 另一種具體說明主語的內(nèi)容, 即主語等同于表語, 兩者可互換。The music they are playing sounds so exciting. 他們演奏的音樂聽起來令人激動。The result is disappointing. 結(jié)果令人失望。Our job is playing all kinds of music. 我們的工作就是演奏各種音樂。Seeing is believing. 眼見為實(shí)。Step 7 Practice1. It is ________(amaze) that the boy is able to solve the problem so quickly.2. Buying a car is simply _______(waste) money. 3. Please stop making the noise—it’s getting ________(annoy). 4. complete the passage with the appropriate -ing form.La Tomatina is a festival that takes place in the Spanish town Bunol every August. I think many food festivals are __________ because people are just eating. however, this festival is _________ because people don't actually eat the tomatoes. Instead, they throw them at each other! the number of people ________ part in this tomato fight, can reach up to 20,000, and it is a very __________ fight that lasts for a whole hour. The _______ thing is how clean Bunol is after the tomatoes are washed away after the fight. this is because the juice form tomatoes is really good for making surfaces clean!答案:1. amazing 2. wasting 3. annoying4. boring interesting taking exciting amazing
The topic of this part is “Discover the reasons for festivals and celebrations.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at talking about the experiences and feelings or emotions about the festivals and celebrations. This section aims at detecting the reason why the people celebrate the festivals, the time, the places, the types and the way of celebrations. It also explains why some traditions in the old celebrations are disappearing, like the firecrackers in the big cities and some new things are appearing like the prosperity of business or commerce. 1. Students can talk about what festivals they know and the reasons and the way of celebrating them.2. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.3. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them. 4. Students can have the international awareness about the festivals.1. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.2. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat festival do you like best ? Why ?I like the Spring Festivals because I can set off the fireworks, receive the lucky money and enjoy the Gala with my families.Step 2 Before reading---Pair workWhy do people celebrate different festivals ?The Spring Festivals is to celebrate the end of winter and the coming of spring and new life.The Mid-autumn Day is to celebrate the harvest and admire the moon.
The theme of this section is “Talk about festival activities and festival experiences”.Festival and holiday is a relaxing and interesting topic for students. This part talks about the topic from the daily life of students’. In the part A ---Listening and Speaking, there are three conversations among different speakers from three countries(Japan, Rio and China), where the speakers are participating in or going to participate in the festivals and celebrations. So listening for the relationship among them is a fundamental task. Actually, with the globalization and more international communication, it is normal for Chinese or foreigners to witness different festivals and celebrations in or out of China. In the Conversation 1, a foreign reporter is interviewing a Japanese young girl who just had participated in the ceremony of the Coming-of-Age Day on the street and asking her feeling about the ceremony and the afterwards activities. Conversation 2, Chinese girl Li Mei is witnessing the Rio Carnival for the first time, and her friend Carla gives her some advice on the costumes which enables her to match with the carnival to have a good time. Conversation 3, a Chinese guide is showing a group of foreign visitors around the Lantern Festival and introducing the customs of the festival to them. The three conversations have a strong vitality and insert the festival and cultural elements from different countries. So perceiving the festivals and cultures from different countries is the second task. At the same time, the scripts also insert the targeted grammar --- v-ing as attributive and predicative, which students can perceive and experience in a real context and make a road for the further study. That is the third task. In the Part B--- Listening and Talking, the theme is “Talk about festival experience”, which is the common topic in our daily conversations. During the conversation, Song Lin, a Chinese student, asked Canadian friend Max about how to spend Christmas. In the conversation, Song Lin talked about experience and the feelings during the Chinese Spring Festival, during which there are not only some enjoyable things but some unpleasant things. After the listening, perhaps students find there are some similarities between Christmas and the Chinese Spring Festival as there are some differences in the origins and celebrations. For example, people always visit friends and relatives, decorate their houses, have a big dinner together, chat and give presents to each other.
Step 3 Analyzing article structureActivity 31. Teachers raise questions to guide students to analyze the chapter structure of this diary and think about how to describe the festival experience. (1)What should be included in the opening/body/closing paragraph(s)?(2)How did the writer arrange his/her ideas?(3)What kind of interesting details did the writer describe?(4)How did the writer describe his/her feelings/emotions during the event?2. Students read and compare the three sentence patterns in activity 2. Try to rewrite the first paragraph of the diary with these three sentence patterns. After that, students exchange corrections with their partners. Such as:●This was my first time spending three days experiencing the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and it was an enjoyable and exciting experience. ●I'll never forget my experience at the Naadam Festival because it was my first time to watch the exciting Mongolian games of horse racing, wrestling, and archery so closely. ●I'll always remember my first experience at the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region because it was so amazing to spend three days witnessing a grand Mongolian ceremony. Step 4 Accumulation of statementsActivity 41. Ask the students to read the diary again. Look for sentences that express feelings and emotions, especially those with the -ing form and the past participle. Such as:● …h(huán)orse racing, wrestling, and archery, which are all so exciting to watch. ● some amazing performances● I was surprised to see…● I was a little worried about. . . ● feeling really tiredOther emotional statements:●I absolutely enjoyed the archery, too, but the horse races were my favourite part. ●I'm finally back home now, feeling really tired, but celebrating Naadam with my friend was totally worth it. ●He invited me back for the winter to stay in a traditional Mongolian tent and cat hot pot. I can’t wait!2. In addition to the use of the -ing form and the past participle, the teacher should guide the students in the appreciation of these statements, ask them to memorize them, and encourage them to use them reasonably in writing practice.