Purpose of my design:To ask the students to do these two tasks will make the Ss predict the story of this passage. As a result, it will deepen Ss’ memory of this story because they will have their own understanding of this story.Step 3. While-readingTask 1. (Individual work _____min)Skimming: ask students to skim the text and the main ideas of each paragraph in this passage. Please read it quickly and then match the sentences with the letters.Task 2. (Individual work _____min)Scanning: read the text quickly and decide the whether the following statements are true or false and give reasons.Task 3. (Pair work _____min)Listen to the tape and fill in the banks. Then read the paragraph with expression to your partner.Task4 (individual work min)Listen to the tape again and write down the main idea in one sentence.Purpose of my design: Enable students to understand the given material better by using different reading skills. And proper competition can arouse the Ss’ interest in English learning. “Task-based” teaching method is used here todevelop the Ss’ ability of communication and also their ability of co-operation will be well trainedStep 4. Post-readingTask 1. (Individual work, pair work, group work, class work; _____min)Discussion (group of 4):1. If you were Hippomenes, would you run against Atlanta?2. Do you think Hippomenes deserved to win the race? Why or why not?Step 5. HomeworkPlease read the story again carefully after class and imagine: What will happen during the race between Hippomenes and Atlanta? Who do you think will win the race? Do you think Atlanta would marry Hippomenes? Write an end for the story with thses questions.Purpose of my design: Homework is so important and necessary for to master the knowledge they learned after class. It will check whether the Ss achieve the teaching aims.Part 5 Blackboard design
基于以上分析,為使本堂課圍繞重點(diǎn)、突破難點(diǎn),同時(shí)讓學(xué)生在課堂教學(xué)中能力得到提高,我設(shè)計(jì)如下教學(xué)過(guò)程。(一)創(chuàng)設(shè)情景認(rèn)識(shí)形變由同學(xué)們已有的形變知識(shí)入手,引入新課。教師演示:①?gòu)椈傻膲嚎s形變;②彈簧的拉伸形變③視頻播放:竹竿形變、鋼絲的扭轉(zhuǎn)形變。得出形變的概念及各類形變。[設(shè)計(jì)意圖:我從生活情景中引入新課,是為了激發(fā)學(xué)生的好奇心,為學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)內(nèi)容作鋪墊。]設(shè)問(wèn):摩天大樓在風(fēng)的吹拂下會(huì)不會(huì)擺動(dòng),發(fā)生形變嗎?演示微小形變放大實(shí)驗(yàn):由于這種形變不容易觀察,會(huì)使學(xué)生產(chǎn)生疑問(wèn):到底有沒(méi)有發(fā)生形變?解決的辦法是微小形變的演示實(shí)驗(yàn)。為什么光點(diǎn)會(huì)往下移?讓學(xué)生帶著問(wèn)題思考后得出結(jié)論:是由于桌面發(fā)生了形變,但是形變不明顯。為后面解決壓力和支持力都是彈力做好鋪墊。[設(shè)計(jì)意圖:使學(xué)生知道“放大”是一種科學(xué)探究的方法。]
Then I would ask them to think of a funny English or Chinese and tell it to partners. While telling stories, they can use expressions and some acting to help make the story funny. 5 minutes would be given to do this.Those stories they told there will be the material for their writing. Soletting them tell it at first is helpful. And they can make a difference between telling a funny story and writing it down. Generally speaking, it is difficult forstudents to write well because they don’t know what to write and how to write. Asking them to tell their own stories at first can help them come up with what to write.After their telling, I would invite someone to share his/her story with all of us and I would write it down on the blackboard.This example story would be used as a sample to illustrate the format of funny story. Different from a story from teacher or textbook, a story from students can obviously become a interesting material to draw students’ attention.Then I would ask the whole class to put this story into several parts. It might be a little bit difficult for them. So I would ask them to find out whether all the sentences are necessary. After delete some sentences, there are 6 sentences left behind. Then they can easily put them into three parts. After interaction with students, I would teach them the right terms for each part and conclude the format of funny story.This step is the key and difficult point in my lesson. So I mainly usetask-based teaching method in this part and the task for students was divided into several stages. With the separated difficult level, students can find there are usually three parts in writing. They can also learn to write without the unnecessary parts in the process of analyzing. And then I wouldn’t rush to tell them the right terms to them directly. Instead, I would ask them to name them by their own. A confused mind is better for acquiring knowledge.While-writing:Then I would give students 7 minutes to write down this story, without other requirements.With all the preparations in pre-writing, students’ difficulties were cleared. So it would be much easier for them to write down the story within 7 minutes. There are no other requirements because students’ first writing is actually a drafting. It would be revise and edit several times later. Writing, as a skill
Language learning needs a context, which can help the learners to understand the language and then can product comprehensible output, so computer has the advantages to make the materials attractive.Part 3 Learning MethodsTask-based, self-dependent and cooperative learningPart 4 Teaching ProcedureStep One Lead-in“Interest is the best teacher.” Therefore, at the very beginning of the class, I should spark the students’ mind to focus on the centre topic “the band”. I’ll show some pictures of food to attract their attention and then bring some questions.Question:What kind of food they like?What should go into a good meal?The answers must relate to the diet. After this, the students will be eager to know something about a balance diet and this is the very time to naturally lead the class into Step 2Step 2 Reading for information: skimming and scanning In this step, I use Task-based Language Teaching method, which can give students a clear and specific purpose while skimming and scanning the context.Task 1 General ideaThe students will be asked to just glance at the title and the pictures of the passage, and then guess what they will read in the text. And they’ll be divided into groups of four to have a discussion.The purpose is to inspire the students to read actively, not passively. In addition, the task is to develop the students’ reading skill by making prediction and to encourage the students to express their thoughts in English and cooperate with each other.Task 2 Main idea of each paragraphCooperative learning can raise the students’ interest and create an atmosphere of achievement. Based on this theory, I divide the whole class into 4 groups to skim the whole text and get the main idea of each paragraph.
Good afternoon, teachers, It’s my great pleasure to be here sharing my lesson with you.The content of my lesson is Senior English Book 3 Unit 5 Canada —— “The true North”.I’ll be ready to begin this lesson from five parts. Analysis of the teaching material,the teaching methods,the studying methods, the teaching procedure,and Blackboard design.First, let me talk about the teaching material.Part 1 Teaching Material:This unit is about the introduction of Canada. By studying of this unit,we’ll enable the students to learn the geography, population, main cities, and natural beauty, natural resources of Canada. Through the training of the unit, it also requires students to learn some Language skills such as the expressions of position and emotions.So it plays an important part in the English teaching in this book.After studying the teaching material and analyzing the rule of children’s growing of mind,I think the teaching aims are the followings:1.Knowledge objects:(1) make the students learn some new words and phrases(2) make the students understand the content of the lesson.2.Ability objects:(1)To develop the Ss’ abilities of listening, speaking, reading and writing. Especially reading and speaking ability.(2) learn to talk about the characters of Canada in English(3)To train the Ss’ ability of working in pairs.3.Emotion objects:(1)Enable students to understand the characters of Canada..(2)Stimulate Ss to work hard to make China stronger.Part 2 Teaching Methods:I think helping students learn to master new words and phrases and improve the students’ reading and speaking ability is import and the difficult.According to the analysis of the teaching material and the import points and the difficult points,I will use the following teaching methods : question-guiding approach; fast-reading and careful reading; multi-media teaching methods; discussion
The oldest and the most popular park in the worldenjoy the exciting activities thereget close to the life-size cartoon characters like Mickey Mouse and Donald Duck Step 3 Pre-reading1.What do you suppose a theme park is ?2.What do you think you can see in a theme park?(1.It is a kind of amusement park which has a certain theme – that the whole park is based on. 2.buildings, castles, statues, rare animals and birds, and so on.) Step 4 Reading ----- Theme Parks –---- Fun and More Than Fun1.Predict : Read the title and the pictures on P. 34 and PredictWhat is the meaning of the title “Theme Park – Fun and more than fun”?(The title means that theme parks are fun to visit, but that they can also be educational and can offer useful information.)2.Skimming Fast read and answer:What activities can we take in a theme park?Amusement park: Bumper car Merry-go-round slide bungee jumping Free-fall rides Horror films Pirate ship Ferris wheel roller coaster3.Scanning Read again and you will find various theme parks are mentioned in the passage . Then what are they ?Theme parks: Sports theme park History theme park Culture theme park Marine or Ocean theme Park Future park Science theme park Disneyland4.Careful reading and find the main idea of each paragraph:THEME PARKS---- entertaining/ educationalPara.1 Traditional parks are places to go for relaxation and to have time away from our busy lives.Para.2 Theme parks are different They’re large and full of things to do, see and buy.Para.3 Theme parks are built around a single idea or theme. One example is a sports park.Para.4 Another kind of theme park is historical more and cultural and can be educational.Para.5 Disneylandwas the first theme park. It is based on the fantasy life and characters of Disney’s films.Para.6 Some examples of educational theme parks include sea world parks and science parks.
Knowledge objectives:(1) to make Ss grasp the usage of words, expressions and sentence structures: statistics, struggle, thanks to, rid of, some patterns for persuasion, the “ing” form as subject and object;(2)to use learnt knowledge to persuade sb.Ability objectives:(1) to develop Ss’ reading skills(skimming, scanning, word guessing);(2) to improve Ss’ speaking, communicating and cooperating skills.Emotional objectives:to make Ss know the contribution of Yuan,and learn his spirit and his simple life time.Teaching important and difficult points:(1) some words, expressions and sentence structures mentioned above;(2)the content of the text;(3)training their reading and speaking skills.Teaching methods: CLT, TBLT,QT.Learning strategies: CLS, QLS, TBLS.Teaching procedures:Step 1 lead-in: (1) teacher plays a piece of recent news from CCTV about the harvest of the super hybrid rice, and ask students whether they know Yuan or not, and talk about him and his contribution.(2)Brain storm: let Ss describe Yuan in their minds including his appearance, his living condition and so on.Step 2 fast reading tasks:(1)teacher introduces Yuan and super hybrid rice(2)make Ss read the text as fast as possible with questions. Such as: what’s the general ideaof this passage? What’s Yuan’ dream? (skimming and scanning skill)Step 3 intensive reading tasks(1)let Ss read the text silently, find topic sentence of each paragraph and draw the difficult sentences and the knowledge what they don’t understand.(words guessing)(2)teacher and Ss talk about the important words, expressions and sentences together, and ask Ss to retell the content of the text.(summarizing and paraphrasing)(3)teacher summarize this part.(4) read again following the courseware.
本節(jié)課是人教社物理必修1第三章第三節(jié)的內(nèi)容,編排在彈力之后。該節(jié)知識(shí)既是力學(xué)的基礎(chǔ),也是組成整個(gè)高中物理知識(shí)的一塊“基石”,所以這節(jié)內(nèi)容的教學(xué)如何引領(lǐng)學(xué)生自主積極地探究摩擦力產(chǎn)生的條件和影響因素,體驗(yàn)?zāi)Σ亮μ攸c(diǎn)規(guī)律的發(fā)生過(guò)程是本節(jié)課的重點(diǎn),應(yīng)高度重視本節(jié)教學(xué)過(guò)程;由于摩擦力問(wèn)題的復(fù)雜性,且在具體問(wèn)題中又表現(xiàn)出“動(dòng)中有靜,靜中有動(dòng)”,尤其靜摩擦在許多情形下似乎又是“若有若無(wú),方向不定”,因此,對(duì)于初學(xué)者也是有一定難度的。也正是由于教材內(nèi)容的上述特點(diǎn),本節(jié)課又易于激起學(xué)生的求知欲,易于培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的辯證觀點(diǎn),易于錘煉學(xué)生的物理素質(zhì)。要充分用好該節(jié)教材內(nèi)容,深入挖掘知識(shí)間的有機(jī)聯(lián)系,對(duì)學(xué)生開(kāi)展針對(duì)性的思維訓(xùn)練,進(jìn)而提高學(xué)生應(yīng)用物理知識(shí)解決實(shí)際問(wèn)題的能力和創(chuàng)新思維能力。高中物理《課標(biāo)》對(duì)該知識(shí)點(diǎn)的要求是,“通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)認(rèn)識(shí)滑動(dòng)摩擦、靜摩擦的規(guī)律,能用動(dòng)摩擦因數(shù)計(jì)算摩擦力”。其中,對(duì)靜摩擦力規(guī)律的認(rèn)識(shí)應(yīng)該包括最大靜摩擦力。
生2:頷聯(lián)的意思是只聽(tīng)到禁衛(wèi)軍中傳來(lái)夜間巡邏的梆子聲,不再向?qū)m中那樣安逸地聽(tīng)到有雞人打鳴報(bào)時(shí)的聲音了。生3:頸聯(lián)的意思是說(shuō)事變發(fā)生那天軍隊(duì)發(fā)生嘩變停留不前,但當(dāng)年唐玄宗以為自己可以和貴妃天天在一起,對(duì)天上的牽牛和織女一年一度的會(huì)見(jiàn)還加以嘲笑呢。生4:尾聯(lián)的含義是為什么唐玄宗當(dāng)了四十五年的皇帝,還不如普通百姓夫妻恩愛(ài),長(zhǎng)相廝守。師:好的。請(qǐng)大家再齊讀一遍詩(shī)文,做到人人都能疏通詩(shī)的含義。學(xué)生再次齊讀。第三環(huán)節(jié):專項(xiàng)探究師:白居易曾說(shuō):“文章合為時(shí)而著,歌詩(shī)合為事而作?!边@首詩(shī)就是作者途經(jīng)馬嵬驛,詠馬嵬之變這一歷史事件而作,所以我們鑒賞的第三步,就是通過(guò)標(biāo)題和詩(shī)文,弄清詩(shī)中的歷史事件。請(qǐng)同學(xué)們找出詩(shī)中哪些詩(shī)句描述了這一事件?
教師:不同的時(shí)代造就了不同風(fēng)格和不同精神內(nèi)容的詩(shī)詞,請(qǐng)同學(xué)們回顧必修一和必修二兩宋中央集權(quán)的加強(qiáng)和經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r。學(xué)生:回憶回答。教師:請(qǐng)同學(xué)們結(jié)合時(shí)代背景和詞的特點(diǎn)理解詞為什么能夠成為宋代文學(xué)的主流形式和標(biāo)志?學(xué)生:兩宋時(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)重心轉(zhuǎn)移到了南方,商業(yè)發(fā)展打破了時(shí)間和空間的限制,城市繁榮,市民數(shù)量不斷增加。詞的句子長(zhǎng)短不齊,便于抒發(fā)感情,并且能夠歌唱,更能適應(yīng)市井生活的需要。于是,詞成為宋代文學(xué)的主流形式和標(biāo)志。教師:宋代文人地位提高,宋詞就是一個(gè)個(gè)時(shí)代的畫(huà)卷:大宋的悲歡離合都寫(xiě)在了里面。除了詞之外,宋代民間還興起了一種新的詩(shī)歌形式,即散曲。學(xué)生:回答散曲的發(fā)展階段及特點(diǎn)、元曲的含義、特點(diǎn)。教師:在中國(guó)古代詩(shī)歌輝煌發(fā)展的同時(shí),也產(chǎn)生了供人們閑來(lái)無(wú)事消遣的小說(shuō)。
我以以《登高》為例,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生進(jìn)行意象分析,感悟意境美。古人云“立象以盡意”“古詩(shī)之妙,專求意象”意象是詩(shī)人情感的載體,是詩(shī)歌的靈魂。引導(dǎo)學(xué)生張開(kāi)聯(lián)想和想象的翅膀去感受,去體驗(yàn)是意象,詩(shī)歌鑒賞的關(guān)鍵??屏治榈抡f(shuō)“真正藝術(shù)的作品,不是看見(jiàn)的,也不是聽(tīng)到的,而是想象中的某種東西。”詩(shī)人通過(guò)想象創(chuàng)造出詩(shī)的形象,我們讀者通過(guò)想象豐富地再現(xiàn)詩(shī)人創(chuàng)造的形象。而感受體驗(yàn)則是以全部身心投入作品,心靈與心靈相溝通,感情與感情相交流,對(duì)詩(shī)人的想象活動(dòng)進(jìn)行再經(jīng)歷和再體驗(yàn)。因此,在引導(dǎo)意象解讀中,我先讓學(xué)生點(diǎn)擊這一個(gè),就是通過(guò)抓修飾詞、依據(jù)感情基調(diào)、展開(kāi)想象具體分析本詩(shī)中每個(gè)意象的情感意蘊(yùn)和審美意蘊(yùn),使學(xué)生明白意象在每首詩(shī)中的獨(dú)特性。
三、辛亥革命的結(jié)局1.袁世凱竊取革命果實(shí)由課件給出竊取革命果實(shí)的簡(jiǎn)單過(guò)程,幫學(xué)生理清思路,創(chuàng)設(shè)問(wèn)題情境,由學(xué)生分析革命果實(shí)被竊取的原因,教師給以補(bǔ)充并揭示根本原因,貫穿整個(gè)革命的資產(chǎn)階級(jí)的軟弱性和妥協(xié)性,再次加深對(duì)難點(diǎn)的理解。2.歷史功績(jī)辛亥革命性質(zhì)、功績(jī)由學(xué)生閱讀書(shū)本進(jìn)行總結(jié),再加以補(bǔ)充讓學(xué)生在書(shū)本上做好記錄,強(qiáng)調(diào)最大功績(jī)是結(jié)束了兩千多年的君主專制政體。辛亥革命的失敗及其評(píng)價(jià)很易搞成生硬的一言堂形式,可以從多種角度把學(xué)生思維調(diào)動(dòng)起來(lái)。這里采用列舉一個(gè)合作探究,自由討論的題目“有人認(rèn)為辛亥革命因?yàn)闆](méi)有完成反帝反封建的革命任務(wù)而失敗,有人則認(rèn)為辛亥革命是中國(guó)“從君主到民主”社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型的成功開(kāi)始。你同意哪種看法?”要求同學(xué)們自由討論.各抒己見(jiàn),大膽創(chuàng)新,言之在理即可.教師在一旁引導(dǎo)學(xué)生,活躍課堂氣氛.最后教者歸納總結(jié)學(xué)習(xí)歷史從不同的角度看問(wèn)題可以得出不同的結(jié)論,學(xué)會(huì)用辯證的觀點(diǎn)看待歷史問(wèn)題,對(duì)辛亥革命有個(gè)全面的認(rèn)識(shí)。
“第二次鴉片戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)”爆發(fā)的原因的講析,可通過(guò)出示英國(guó)在鴉片戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)后在中國(guó)與洪都拉斯的正當(dāng)貿(mào)易對(duì)比表,讓學(xué)生觀察和創(chuàng)設(shè)情景來(lái)得出結(jié)論。戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的經(jīng)過(guò)及影響,可以通過(guò)兩次鴉片戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)形勢(shì)圖,以及一張相關(guān)的表格,從戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的根本目的、性質(zhì)、過(guò)程及影響等方面來(lái)比較兩次戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的異同,從而讓學(xué)生理解掌握“戰(zhàn)火再燃”其實(shí)就是中英鴉片戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的繼續(xù)和擴(kuò)大。并理解“第二次鴉片戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)”的如何使中國(guó)社會(huì)半殖民地半封建化的程度大大加深了。并突出英法兩國(guó)殖民者在占領(lǐng)北京期間所犯的滔天罪行。3、結(jié):結(jié)合板書(shū)設(shè)計(jì),讓生自己總結(jié)這節(jié)課所學(xué)的內(nèi)容,并通過(guò)課后習(xí)題練于講相結(jié)合,來(lái)鞏固本課知識(shí)。在此基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)本課線索及主要知識(shí)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)要的梳理。4、課題延伸:教材后探究學(xué)習(xí)總結(jié)中的一段材料,即《英國(guó)駐華商務(wù)監(jiān)督義律致英國(guó)外交大臣巴麥尊的機(jī)密件》,讓學(xué)生究義律對(duì)中國(guó)發(fā)動(dòng)鴉片戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)原因的說(shuō)辭來(lái)展開(kāi)探討,啟發(fā)學(xué)生運(yùn)用辨證唯物主義的基本觀點(diǎn),澄清和批駁在在一問(wèn)題上的一些錯(cuò)誤和謬論,從而提高學(xué)生辨別是非的能力和批判的能力.
演講稿頻道《國(guó)旗下的講話稿范文:怎樣傳播正能量》,希望大家喜歡。尊敬的老師,親愛(ài)的同學(xué)們;大家上午好!今天我演講的題目是怎樣傳播正能量正能量是大家歡迎的流行語(yǔ)。正能量是一種積極向上的態(tài)度,正能量是一種可傳遞的能量,讓我們心態(tài)更加積極,更加陽(yáng)光。多情自古傷離別,我們告別了短暫而美好的高一上學(xué)期,我們經(jīng)歷了離別時(shí)的不舍與辛酸,我們又走進(jìn)了一個(gè)異性陌路的新班級(jí),面對(duì)此景,同學(xué)之間的交往是否會(huì)有些遲疑呢?班級(jí)的凝聚力是否不夠呢?我想是的,人都是有感情的,每當(dāng)我們想起了昔日一起學(xué)習(xí)與生活的朋友時(shí),總會(huì)有一種傷感。天下沒(méi)有不散的宴席,與其回憶過(guò)去,不如抓住現(xiàn)在,我們需要團(tuán)結(jié)起來(lái),去取得更加輝煌的成就,在上周學(xué)校組織的拓展活動(dòng)中,我受益匪淺,聞到了新的班級(jí)氣息,看到了班級(jí)的新的潛力股,同學(xué)們紛紛建言獻(xiàn)策,給我感受最深的是在第二個(gè)活動(dòng)中,我們班的同學(xué)起初一盤(pán)散沙,次失敗讓我們有了一些教訓(xùn),必須團(tuán)結(jié)協(xié)作我們成功了,每個(gè)人的臉上都露出了笑容。.緊接著,我們又進(jìn)行了第三個(gè)項(xiàng)目:“自由飛翔”,我們似乎真的蛻變成一只展翅翱翔的雄鷹,搏擊長(zhǎng)空,我們又成功了。
(三)教學(xué)重、難點(diǎn)1、教學(xué)重點(diǎn):結(jié)合課文,了解演講辭針對(duì)性強(qiáng)、條理清楚、通俗易懂、適當(dāng)?shù)母星樯实忍攸c(diǎn)。2、教學(xué)難點(diǎn):深入理解文章內(nèi)涵,聯(lián)系現(xiàn)實(shí),體會(huì)本文的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義二、說(shuō)學(xué)情高中學(xué)生在初中階段已經(jīng)接觸過(guò)演講辭了,對(duì)演講詞的特點(diǎn)已經(jīng)有了一些基本的知識(shí),因此本輪的教學(xué)應(yīng)該讓他們?cè)诖嘶A(chǔ)上有所提高。本文是學(xué)生在高中階段第一次接觸演講辭,有必要讓他們了解演講辭的特點(diǎn)及課文如何體現(xiàn)這些特點(diǎn)的。隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng),生活閱歷的增加,高中學(xué)生正逐漸形成自己對(duì)世界、對(duì)人生的看法,蔡元培先生的這篇文章能很好地激發(fā)他們對(duì)當(dāng)前的高中學(xué)習(xí)和未來(lái)的大學(xué)生活進(jìn)行思考。此外,學(xué)生對(duì)北大的歷史及蔡元培先生作這番演講的時(shí)代背景了解不深,應(yīng)作出補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。
(三)教學(xué)目標(biāo)1、明確成語(yǔ)的來(lái)源,了解成語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)。2、學(xué)習(xí)積累成語(yǔ)的方法。3、梳理學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)的成語(yǔ),做到能正確理解、使用所學(xué)的常用成語(yǔ)。(四)教學(xué)重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)1、學(xué)習(xí)積累成語(yǔ)的方法。2、正確理解、使用所學(xué)的常用成語(yǔ)。二、說(shuō)教法新的《高中語(yǔ)文課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》要求學(xué)生主動(dòng)去發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題、解決問(wèn)題,教師是課堂學(xué)習(xí)的組織者、參與者,是課堂的主導(dǎo),而不是課堂的主體。而且,新的課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求學(xué)生“能圍繞所選擇的目標(biāo)加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)文積累,在積累的過(guò)程中,注重梳理”。在這種前提下,本節(jié)課可以采取以下方法:由于這種梳理是對(duì)學(xué)生已有的知識(shí)進(jìn)行歸納分類,可能顯得比較枯燥。為了避免這種枯燥感,可以采取設(shè)置情境和分組競(jìng)答的方法,調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生的積極性。
(一)教材的地位新中國(guó)的成立是20世紀(jì)的一件大事。它結(jié)束了幾千年封建專制統(tǒng)治的歷史,開(kāi)啟了中華民族發(fā)展的新紀(jì)元。本課側(cè)重這一時(shí)期一個(gè)非常顯著的特征,即制度的更新,它本身具有知識(shí)的延續(xù)性和鋪墊性。新中國(guó)的成立促進(jìn)了社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,也為祖國(guó)的統(tǒng)一奠定了重要基礎(chǔ)。(二)教學(xué)目標(biāo)依據(jù)新課程以人為本,促進(jìn)學(xué)生全面發(fā)展的要求,同時(shí),針對(duì)高一年級(jí)學(xué)生具備一定基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)但掌握不牢固,對(duì)歷史興趣濃厚但又自制能力差的特點(diǎn),我對(duì)本課的三維目標(biāo)設(shè)定如下:見(jiàn)多媒體。(三)教學(xué)重點(diǎn)的確定及處理本課的主題是新中國(guó)的民主政治建設(shè),這個(gè)問(wèn)題的掌握對(duì)以后學(xué)習(xí)中國(guó)民主政治建設(shè)的進(jìn)程有很大幫助,并且學(xué)生能力的提高也有賴于對(duì)它的認(rèn)識(shí),所以確定“人民代表大會(huì)制度的創(chuàng)立”是教學(xué)重點(diǎn)。
從《詩(shī)經(jīng)》的現(xiàn)實(shí)主義到屈原的浪漫主義,是中國(guó)詩(shī)歌發(fā)展的一個(gè)里程碑。屈原的騷體詩(shī),依詩(shī)取興,引類譬喻,繼承發(fā)展了《詩(shī)經(jīng)》的比興傳統(tǒng)。《詩(shī)經(jīng)》的比興較為單純,而《楚辭》的比興具有象征的特質(zhì),往往成為一個(gè)形象的系統(tǒng)?!峨x騷》中香草美人的比興就是范例。楚地本是澤鄉(xiāng)山國(guó),其間頗有疊波曠宇、崇山秀嶺,這些江山的光怪之氣足以搖蕩心靈、催發(fā)麗辭偉句。但騷體詩(shī)已沖破《詩(shī)經(jīng)》四言詩(shī)的固定格式,句式加長(zhǎng)而靈活,篇章放大而嚴(yán)密,詩(shī)采絢麗而貼切,是《詩(shī)經(jīng)》之后的一次詩(shī)體大解放。有人說(shuō),中國(guó)歷代詩(shī)“莫不同祖風(fēng)騷”,足見(jiàn)其對(duì)后代詩(shī)歌的影響。先秦時(shí)代,《詩(shī)經(jīng)》與《楚辭》雙峰并峙,是中國(guó)詩(shī)史上現(xiàn)實(shí)主義與浪漫主義的兩座巍然屹立的坐標(biāo)。
1.本文由“不得極夫游之樂(lè)”生發(fā)出“盡吾志”的觀點(diǎn),又由“仆碑”生發(fā)出“深思慎取”的觀點(diǎn),這兩個(gè)觀點(diǎn)彼此有聯(lián)系嗎?作者游褒禪山,本來(lái)是一次平常的游歷活動(dòng),但卻從中悟出了人生哲理──從前洞后洞游人的多少悟出“夷以近,則游者眾;險(xiǎn)以遠(yuǎn),則至者少”,從“入之愈深,其進(jìn)愈難,而其見(jiàn)愈奇”悟出“而世之奇?zhèn)?、瑰怪、非常之觀,常在于險(xiǎn)遠(yuǎn)”;由此再引申一步,就得出了“非有志者不能至”的結(jié)論。然后將這次游山而未能“極夫游之樂(lè)”的教訓(xùn)升華到理論上來(lái),具體分析了“至”的幾個(gè)條件,最后得出“盡吾志”的觀點(diǎn)──這正是“求思之深而無(wú)不在”的結(jié)果。由此可見(jiàn),“盡吾志”的觀點(diǎn)跟“深思慎取”的觀點(diǎn)是有聯(lián)系的:“盡吾志”的觀點(diǎn)是在“深思慎取”的基礎(chǔ)上產(chǎn)生的;有了這個(gè)觀點(diǎn),又能反過(guò)來(lái)促使人們“深思慎取”,二者是相輔相成的。
二、教學(xué)目標(biāo):(一)知識(shí)與能力:學(xué)生了解夏商周期的政治制度的內(nèi)容和特點(diǎn),對(duì)不同的政治制度有一個(gè)較為全面的認(rèn)識(shí)。在此基礎(chǔ)上,學(xué)生根據(jù)所學(xué)的知識(shí),歸納和評(píng)價(jià)從夏到周政治發(fā)展的特點(diǎn)以及內(nèi)在規(guī)律。(二)過(guò)程與方法:在學(xué)習(xí)的過(guò)程中,采用小組合作討論的形式,讓學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)與他人合作與溝通,提高自主探究的技能。(三)情感態(tài)度與價(jià)值觀:政治制度的不斷更新是古人制度創(chuàng)新的結(jié)果,而這種制度的不斷更新也推動(dòng)文明的發(fā)展。這是古代先民的智慧結(jié)晶,學(xué)生要引以為豪。而通過(guò)本課的學(xué)習(xí),可以增強(qiáng)學(xué)生們的民族自豪感。三、說(shuō)教科書(shū):本課作為高中歷史教材的開(kāi)篇,是認(rèn)識(shí)整個(gè)古代政治文明史的起點(diǎn),具有統(tǒng)領(lǐng)和示范作用。本課總共有三個(gè)子目,主要講述了夏商周的政治制度。主要介紹了夏朝公共權(quán)力的出現(xiàn),分封制的內(nèi)容、分封的對(duì)象、 “以嫡長(zhǎng)子繼承制為核心的宗法制度”介紹了宗法制的來(lái)源、內(nèi)容,以及禮樂(lè)制度的大致內(nèi)容。