【設(shè)計意圖】以“新科技是一把雙刃劍”為主題開展討論活動。這個話題比較大,所以給了一定的限制,首先需要以智能家居為例來闡述科技發(fā)展對未來生活產(chǎn)生的影響,然后列舉其優(yōu)點和缺點,最后就以上現(xiàn)象發(fā)表自己的觀點。這個活動是對整個文本的創(chuàng)意性總結(jié)與意義的升華,留給學(xué)生一定的想象空間,學(xué)生借此機會可以運用文本內(nèi)容和語言表達(dá)自己對科技發(fā)展的看法和態(tài)度。Assignments:1. Finish Exercise 4 on Page 15 of the textbook.A smart home is one that integrated computers into the structure of the building itself. In this way, many of the things that we now do ourselves become automatic. For example, the smart home could control the air conditioning and lights so that you would no longer have to turn switches on and off, and so that your home would be more energy-efficient. The smart home could also monitor itself to make sure that everything is working as it should, and send you warnings if there is a problem. Such smart homes could even be programmed to detect your health problems, and then give you reasonable advice as to the food you should eat or if you should see a doctor. So, in a sense, smart homes will lead us to living smarter lives.2.Create a smart function for your home, and share your creation in the next period.
Activity 4: Figuring out the structure and the writing purpose 本活動為實現(xiàn)課時目標(biāo)2。 1.Read Paragraph 6 and think about its main idea and the writer’s writing purpose. Q1: If you were the author, how would you end your article? “For young people, there is plenty of time to change bad habits. However, there is no “magic pill” or delete button that will help you; you have to think about your bad habits and decide on some changes. You have the power to build a happy and healthy life full of good habits!” Q2: What is Paragraph 6 mainly about? (Possible answer: to appeal to young people including teenagers to change bad habits and live a happy and healthy life.) 2.Think about the writer’s writing purpose and share opinions. Q1: What is the writing purpose? Work in pairs and figure it out. (Possible answer: On the one hand, the passage is written to help teenagers change their bad habits and live a healthy lifestyle. On the other hand, it provides us with a scientific way to identify and analyse our problems objectively, thus strengthening our resolve to tackle the seemingly common yet tough problems in our lives.) 【設(shè)計意圖】 步驟1旨在預(yù)測和驗證文章最后一段主要內(nèi)容,梳理完整的語篇結(jié)構(gòu),步驟2旨在思考和討論作者的寫作目的。教師也可根據(jù)學(xué)生課堂反應(yīng)情況融入對語篇人稱多次轉(zhuǎn)換的思考。
幫助學(xué)生通過討論與對主題的提升,反思自己的旅游方式,以便做出更優(yōu)化的安排,在今后的旅程中有更多的收益。 Activity 2: Further discussion of the 6 elements above and supplement of more background knowledge 本活動為實現(xiàn)課時教學(xué)目標(biāo)2。 1.Target Q: The writer’s clear target of traveling, meeting the people and experiencing the culture, is closely related to his major in social studies. Then what is social studies? Social studies is a part of a school or college curriculum concerned with the study of social relationships and the functioning of society and usually made up of courses in history, government, economics, civics, sociology, geography, and anthropology. (Dictionary by Merriam-Webster) Reflection: When you go out to travel, what targets do you usually have in mind? 2.Research Q: Suppose you are traveling to Hangzhou during the school holidays, how will you do research on the city? (surf the internet, read books or travel brochures, consult friends, ...) What information will you be interested to know? (location, iconic sites, local cuisines, interesting customs, shopping malls ...) 3.Abandonment To make the most of time, we have to learn to abandon so that we can accomplish our plan. What will you be interested in doing if you go to Hangzhou if you have a week’s time? What if you only have 2 days? 4~5. Venturing & Experiencing Q: What did he venture to do during the trip? What new experiences did he have? In Sydney: attend his first open-air barbecue, enjoy many different but yummy meals In Catherine: observe the life and customs of the aborigines appreciate their music & try the musical instruments: the didgeridoo
(三)、歷史的必然:人民代表大會制度的確立1、《中國人民政治協(xié)商會議共同綱領(lǐng)》作為臨時憲法規(guī)定我國根本政治制度是人民代表大會制度。新中國的成立,標(biāo)志著億萬中國人民真正成為國家、社會和自己命運的主人。此前召開的中國人民政治協(xié)商會議第一屆全體會議,為建立新型國家政權(quán)發(fā)揮了重大作用,會議通過的《中國人民政治協(xié)商會議共同綱領(lǐng)》具有臨時憲法的地位,為全國人民代表大會制度的建立奠定了法律基礎(chǔ)。共同綱領(lǐng)規(guī)定:中華人民共和國的國家政權(quán)屬于人民,人民行使國家權(quán)力的機關(guān)為各級人民代表大會和各級人民政府。2、人民代表大會制度在我國正式建立起來的標(biāo)志:1954年9月15日,第一屆全國人民代表大會第一次會議在北京召開,會議通過了《中華人民共和國憲法》,標(biāo)志著人民代表大會制度在我國正式建立起來。
[2] An important breakthrough…was… [3] Another innovation was … [4] the emphasis increasingly shifted from…to… [5] New ideas and values gradually replaced… [6] While his paintings still had religious themes… … T: All these expressions serve to show how Western painting has developed. Some of them share similar structure but with varied use of words, which makes the text vivid and more readable. 【設(shè)計意圖】主題類語言整理有助于學(xué)生類化語言應(yīng)用,提高語言輸出的豐富性。處理完文本內(nèi)容信息后,進入語篇信息處理,進行主題相關(guān)的詞塊歸類。引導(dǎo)學(xué)生快速閱讀,尋找表達(dá)相同主題(發(fā)展或者藝術(shù))的詞和短語,再根據(jù)詞性、用法和結(jié)構(gòu)進行歸類,儲備主題相關(guān)詞匯,豐富語言儲備,提升語言素養(yǎng)。 Assignment: Go online to gather more information about Chinese painting and write a short history of it. 【設(shè)計意圖】結(jié)合所學(xué),遷移運用,根據(jù)實際語境,進行模仿性運用。在此過程中,學(xué)生嘗試借鑒已學(xué)的語言、內(nèi)容、語篇結(jié)構(gòu)和寫作手法來建構(gòu)新文本,實現(xiàn)語篇輸出,同時關(guān)注中西藝術(shù)文化的差別,加深對優(yōu)秀文化的認(rèn)同,培養(yǎng)文化意識。
本單元閱讀文本介紹了幾種簡單的英語詩歌形式,旨在讓學(xué)生能理解和欣賞英語詩歌的美,包括形式美、內(nèi)容美、意義美,培養(yǎng)審美情趣,并從作品的意義美中獲得積極的人生態(tài)度和價值觀念啟示。 該文本是一則典型的說明性文本,用簡單易懂的語言向英語詩歌的初學(xué)者們介紹了五種比較簡單的英語詩歌形式。文題“A Few Simple Forms of English Poems”是整個文本的核心話題。正文內(nèi)容共七段,按“總—分—總”建構(gòu)。第一段為總起段,概述了英語詩歌的創(chuàng)作原因以及主要特點,涉及了形式、內(nèi)容、意義等方面賞析英語詩歌的幾個主要維度;第二段至第六段分別介紹了童謠、清單詩、五行詩、俳句和唐詩五種英語詩歌形式;第七段收尾,鼓勵讀者嘗試英語詩歌創(chuàng)作。 在進行文本教學(xué)設(shè)計時,要引導(dǎo)學(xué)生梳理關(guān)于與詩歌要素和詩歌賞析有關(guān)的話題類語言,既包括format、rhythm、subject、image等名詞,也包括have a strong rhythm、be made up of、contain、consist of、convey這樣的動詞和動詞短語。
本活動旨在落實課時目標(biāo)3。 Think about the following questions and talk about your own attitude in pairs.Q1: As for this topic,what impresses you the most in the passage?Q2: What do you think of the future of China’s further exploration in sea? Are you in favor of the further exploration?Why or why not? 【設(shè)計意圖】該活動是一個完全開放性的活動,每個學(xué)生都會有不同的答案。運用遷移所學(xué),自由口頭表達(dá)自己對海洋探索的態(tài)度。對于中國海洋探索的未來,每個人的想法是不一樣的,有樂觀,有擔(dān)憂,有認(rèn)為值得投入,也有認(rèn)為不值得付出太大代價,這里給學(xué)生自由表達(dá)的空間只要學(xué)會有支撐自己觀點的事實就可以了,進一步培養(yǎng)學(xué)生批判性思維和正確的價值觀。 Assignment: 此任務(wù)旨在遷移一、二課時所學(xué),培養(yǎng)學(xué)生辯證分析問題的能力。 Write about your idea of the future of China’s sea exploration. And add your attitude towards the effort China have made in sea exploration. You’re expected to use the language and the writing technique learnt in the passage.
2. Explore the significance of the establishment of Sarek National Park.Q1: Which event is the most important one in the park’s history?Ss: The establishment of Sarek national park in 1909 is the most important one.Q2: Is it worth making a place like Sarek a national park? Give your reasons.Ss: Yes. In this way, the place can be kept in its natural state and natural beauties and other rare and valuable resources can be preserved instead of being destroyed by endless exploitation driven by profits.Q3: How does the writer organize his introduction to the history of Sarek?Ss: The writer organizes his introduction in the sequence of time, using time indicators such as “used to”, “around 9,000 years ago”, “soon after”, “following the reindeer”, and “in 1909”.Q4: What is the feature of the language used to introduce the history of the park?Ss: The introduction to the park is to provide facts, using time indicators to organize the events. Sentences starts with “third person” and passive voice is used more often, feeling objective.【設(shè)計意圖】學(xué)生尋找和梳理公園歷史上的重要事件,體會人與自然的和諧關(guān)系,評鑒介紹性語言的特點?!竞诵乃仞B(yǎng)提升點】發(fā)展自主提取、梳理文本信息能力,訓(xùn)練邏輯思維和高階思維。Activity 3: Highlighting the secret of the text
【設(shè)計意圖】 基于上述分析,學(xué)生總結(jié)新聞故事語篇類型的特征,即標(biāo)題的省略性、導(dǎo)語的概括性、數(shù)據(jù)的支撐性和引語的重要性。在此過程中,學(xué)生對新聞故事語篇類型有了更深層次的了解,對于學(xué)生閱讀和寫作具有重要意義。Activity 7: Discussing to make a writing outline.本活動為實現(xiàn)課時目標(biāo)3。1.Discuss and make an outline.Ask students to discuss in groups of four and make their own writing outline.To celebrate the 70th anniversary of the People’s Republic of China, our school newspaper starts a new column about “People of Achievement”. You plan to write a news story about one of the winners of the Medal of the Republic in 2019, including Yu Min, Shen Jilan, Sun Jiadong, Li Yannian, Zhang Fuqing, Yuan Longping, Huang Xuhua and Tu Youyou.【設(shè)計意圖】 教師創(chuàng)設(shè)情境,即為慶祝新中國成立70周年,校報新增有關(guān)卓有成就人物的欄目,你將從共和國勛章獲得者中,選擇一位寫一篇新聞故事,向該欄目投稿。學(xué)生以小組合作形式,展開討論,并寫出新聞故事框架,有助于學(xué)生課后收集人物信息,撰寫新聞故事。
本閱讀材料的話題是交際中的肢體語言,作者從三個方面講述了肢體語言的特征與作用,通過主題句和舉例闡述的方式讓讀者了解不同文化中肢體語言的相同或者不同的意義,并從更抽象、概括的維度深入認(rèn)識肢體語言的特點,理解肢體語言的作用?;谥w語言的特點,作者提醒讀者在與人交流中,尤其是當(dāng)文化背景有差異的時候,要使用得體的肢體語言,尊重、理解和包容不同的文化,進行有效、有素養(yǎng)的溝通。文本共由六個段落組成,篇章結(jié)構(gòu)為“總—分”。第一段用簡練的語言引出了話題,并且從我們自身表達(dá)的需要和了解他人感受兩個角度講述了肢體語言的作用。第二段闡述了肢體語言的第一個重要特點——肢體語言在不同的文化中有不同的內(nèi)涵——這也是文中寫作篇幅最大的一個要點,最為重要。通過講述肢體語言的這一特點,作者向讀者傳遞了要尊重不同的文化、要使用與所在文化相宜的肢體語言。
1. 完成文本主要信息填空(斜體字部分設(shè)空):As a witness to farmers’ poor harvests and even a severe shortage of food, Yuan Longping was determined to devote his life to tackling this crisis. After graduation, he realized that what farmers needed most was to boost yields in the fields. Yuan was convinced that the answer lay in the creation of hybrid rice, one characteristic of which is that it usually achieve higher output than conventional crops. However, it was no easy job. The first difficulty he needed to overcome was scientists’ general assumption that this could not be done. Through trial and error, Yuan managed to generate this incredible crop. It is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China was comprised of crops generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains. His innovation has enabled Chinese farmers to considerably expand their output and helped feed the world. Unwilling to retire early to a life of leisure and unconcerned about celebrity or fortune, Yuan continues to turn one vision after another into realities.2. 模仿寫作:Do some research via the Internet and introduce another agricultural scientist, Chen Risheng(陳日勝), using the structure, expressions and writing techniques you have learnt from the text “A Pioneer for All People”.【設(shè)計意圖】任務(wù)1是對文本內(nèi)容和詞匯學(xué)習(xí)成效的檢測。任務(wù)2借助文本中學(xué)到的詞匯和寫作手法仿寫另一位科學(xué)家,提升學(xué)生遷移運用詞匯、文體結(jié)構(gòu)和寫作方法的能力。
本活動旨在落實課時教學(xué)目標(biāo)2。 1.Think, discuss and share. Students form groups of 4, discuss about the given ending make comments. Q1: Do you like the ending? Q2: Was it a logical ending? Why so or why not? [設(shè)計意圖]通過引導(dǎo)學(xué)生思考、討論、評價,比較個人、同伴所預(yù)測的結(jié)局和聽力文本所給定的結(jié)局的異同點,深化對文本的認(rèn)知,發(fā)展學(xué)生的評判性思維能力。 Activity 4: Exploring Asimov’s three laws of robotics and the purpose of the writing 本活動旨在落實課時教學(xué)目標(biāo)3。 1. Get to know Isaac Asimov’s three laws of robotics. The teacher shares Isaac Asimov’s three laws of robotics. The three laws state that: ①A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm. ②A robot must obey any orders given to it by human beings, except where such orders would conflict with the First Law. ③A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law. Q: How does Tony’s story relate to the laws? 2. Figure out Isaac Asimov’s purpose of writing Satisfaction Guaranteed. The students express their opinions about the author’s writing purpose. Q: Why did Isaac Asimov write such a story? S: To explore the relationship between robots and humans. [設(shè)計意圖]通過了解艾薩克·阿西莫夫所制定的機器人三大定律,加深學(xué)生對文本的理解,深入探究文本的主題意義。推理作者的寫作目的,聯(lián)系生活實際,思考人類與機器人的關(guān)系。
本活動旨在落實課時目標(biāo)3。 The Student Union is looking for three students for a 3-week voluntary program in Guizhou province. The volunteers have got to be high school students, with a persevering personality and experiences in overcoming adversity. The volunteers need to stay, eat and teach with 20 pupils in a small school up on the hill of a village. There are no facilities but desks and a blackboard in the school. And there is no take-away food to be bought anywhere; the only way to feed yourself is to cook. You’re interested in applying. Write your application letter introducing what adversity you have ever overcome and how persevering you are as well as what you want to do when at work. Dear Student Union,【設(shè)計意圖】此任務(wù)旨在遷移一、二課時所學(xué),解決實際問題。學(xué)生對比自己經(jīng)歷過的挑戰(zhàn)或挫折,寫信給學(xué)生會申請前往貴州擔(dān)任短期支教教師,把個人以前是怎么戰(zhàn)勝挫折的經(jīng)過書寫出來。結(jié)合所學(xué),遷移創(chuàng)新,分析解決自身實際問題,在真實情境中學(xué)生通過仿寫進行主題語言的精確輸出。完成任務(wù)的過程中,能較多地使用已學(xué)語言、內(nèi)容、結(jié)構(gòu)和寫作手法來描述自己面對挫折的處理方式、態(tài)度和應(yīng)有的品質(zhì),近一步激發(fā)學(xué)生樹立正確的價值觀,學(xué)會逆境出人才,堅忍不拔,從容不迫,又做到謙讓、分享和合作。課后學(xué)生修正習(xí)作,再次提交。
【核心素養(yǎng)提升點】學(xué)會將抽象信息進行可視化表達(dá),提高信息處理能力和分析、推理等高階思維品質(zhì);在跨文化交際中學(xué)會以國際視野接受和包容不同的文化。 5.Read Paragraph 2, draw a mind map and answer the questions. Q1:What did Jo learn about Tombe’s life? Q2:What kind of life do the natives lead? Read paragraph 2-5 and draw a mind-map. (Focus on accommodation, possession, diet and belief) 【設(shè)計意圖】引導(dǎo)學(xué)生利用思維導(dǎo)圖和問題鏈等形式來厘清當(dāng)?shù)厝说纳罘绞?,更好地處理和歸納信息 【核心素養(yǎng)提升點】提高信息處理能力、分析和歸納能力,包容異國文化、擴展國際視野。 6.Read Paragraph 3 and answer the questions. Q1:What was Jo’s feeling upon arriving her own home? Q2:Why would she feel that way? Q3:Do you think “It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombe’s family”? 【設(shè)計意圖】通過提問,讓學(xué)生理解Jo的苦并快樂的心情,并通過對“It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombe’s family”這句話的理解,體驗志愿者生活的偉大。 【核心素養(yǎng)提升點】學(xué)會對信息的綜合和歸納,從而理解作者所表達(dá)的觀點。 Activity4: Summarize the change of Jo's feelings
本單元閱讀文本向中學(xué)生推薦職業(yè)能力測試(Career Aptitude Test),旨在建議學(xué)生利用職業(yè)傾向測試來發(fā)現(xiàn)自己更感興趣、更有潛力的學(xué)習(xí)或職業(yè)方向,并規(guī)劃自己的未來職業(yè)。 本文采用了建議性文本,全篇從職業(yè)生涯的重要意義講起,針對中學(xué)生對職業(yè)規(guī)劃比較迷茫的現(xiàn)狀,提出了職業(yè)傾向測試這一建議。全文共七段,其中第一段和第二段為第一部分,其余五段為第二部分。第一部分論述職業(yè)的重要性和職業(yè)生涯規(guī)劃的最佳時間是在校期間,第二部分提出解決職業(yè)選擇困惑可以通過完成職業(yè)能力測試,介紹了不同種類的職業(yè)傾向測試,結(jié)合圖表詳細(xì)說明其中一種操作步驟,并提醒職業(yè)建議也基于學(xué)歷和經(jīng)驗,最后一段概括論述,建議學(xué)生通過職業(yè)能力測試這一有效的工具,找到自己真正熱愛的事物。 在文本教學(xué)設(shè)計時,要幫助學(xué)生梳理有關(guān)職業(yè)的話題語言。閱讀策略層面,指導(dǎo)學(xué)生通過學(xué)習(xí)圖表和圖形,在有限的空間內(nèi)獲取廣泛信息,如閱讀圖表標(biāo)題,圖表上的標(biāo)簽,X軸Y軸上的數(shù)據(jù)所指。
◇本框題小結(jié):◇3個體現(xiàn):即人民代表大會制度是我國的根本政治制度的3個體現(xiàn)(1)、人民代表大會制度決定著國家的其他各種具體制度;(2)、人民代表大會制度是中國人民當(dāng)家作主的最高形式和重要途徑;(3)、人民代表大會制度是中國社會主義政治文明的重要制度載體。◇3個表現(xiàn):即民主集中制確保國家權(quán)力協(xié)調(diào)高效的表現(xiàn):(1)、從人民代表大會和人民的關(guān)系來看①各級人民代表受選民和原選舉單位的監(jiān)督,選民或選舉單位有權(quán)罷免自己選舉出的代表;②各級人民代表大會代表人民統(tǒng)一行使國家權(quán)力(2)、從人民代表大會與其他國家機關(guān)的關(guān)系來看①其他國家機關(guān)都由人民代表大會產(chǎn)生,對它負(fù)責(zé)、受它監(jiān)督;②在人民代表大會統(tǒng)一行使國家權(quán)力的前提下,其他國家機關(guān)依照法定分工依法行使各自的職權(quán)。(3)、從中央和地方的關(guān)系來看①地方必須服從中央;②在保證中央統(tǒng)一領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的同時,必須考慮地方特殊利益,充分發(fā)揮地方的主動性和積極性。
相關(guān)鏈接:聯(lián)合國推動達(dá)成的部軍控和裁軍條約有:《南極條約》(1959年)、《外層空間條約》(1966年)、《不擴散核武器條約》(1968年)、《海床公約》(1970年)、《禁止生物武器公約》(1971年)、《月球協(xié)定》(1976年)、《禁止化學(xué)武器公約》(1992年)、《全面禁止核試驗條約》(1996年)。2、推動共同發(fā)展、促進人類文明——經(jīng)濟方面聯(lián)合國在經(jīng)濟和社會領(lǐng)域建立了一套龐大、復(fù)雜、較為系統(tǒng)的機構(gòu)即聯(lián)合國經(jīng)社系統(tǒng)。經(jīng)社系統(tǒng)制定指導(dǎo)性原則、政策框架以及行動綱領(lǐng),規(guī)范國際社會各成員的行動方向,推動某些發(fā)展問題逐步得到解決。經(jīng)社系統(tǒng)主持召開重大國際會議,從戰(zhàn)略高度協(xié)調(diào)國際社會的經(jīng)濟和社會發(fā)展活動。聯(lián)合國千年首腦會議制定了千年發(fā)展目標(biāo),為國際發(fā)展合作確立了路線圖和時間表。經(jīng)社系統(tǒng)長期從事開發(fā)活動,向有關(guān)國家提供發(fā)展所需的資金、技術(shù),并幫助制定合適的發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略和政策,為世界特別是發(fā)展中國家的經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展作出了積極貢獻(xiàn)。在解決全球環(huán)境問題方面,聯(lián)合國做了大量開創(chuàng)性工作。
一、課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn):1.2比較單一制與聯(lián)邦制的區(qū)別,理解國家形式既包括政權(quán)組織形式,又包括國家結(jié)構(gòu)形式。 二、新課教學(xué):現(xiàn)代國家的結(jié)構(gòu)形式(一)、民族與國家1、民族與國家結(jié)構(gòu)形式的關(guān)系(1)、國家結(jié)構(gòu)形式①含義:如果說國家管理形式主要是指國家的立法、行政和司法機關(guān)之問的相互關(guān)系,那么,國家結(jié)構(gòu)形式就是指國家的整體與部分、中央與地方之間的相互關(guān)系。補充:國家政權(quán)組制形式即政體與國家結(jié)構(gòu)形式同屬國家形式,但是兩者有嚴(yán)格的區(qū)別:前者是指政權(quán)如何組織,后者是指中央與地方之間的相互關(guān)系。②民族是影響國家結(jié)構(gòu)形式的因素之一影響國家結(jié)構(gòu)形式的因素有很多,民族就是其中之一。(2)、民族①含義:民族是人類歷史上形成的有共同語言、共同地域、共同經(jīng)濟生活、共同心理素質(zhì)的穩(wěn)定的共同體。補充:民族是一種社會歷史現(xiàn)象,有其產(chǎn)生、發(fā)展和滅亡的過程。
二、教材分析 學(xué)習(xí)中國地理知識和運用常見地圖、地理圖表,以及填寫簡單地圖和圖表能力,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生對地理事物的觀察,記憶想象思維能力,以及運用所學(xué)知識分析簡單的地理問題的能力。初步樹立正確資源觀、人口觀、環(huán)境觀,懂得協(xié)同人類發(fā)展與環(huán)境關(guān)系?! ∪?、本學(xué)期教學(xué)目的 本學(xué)期是在八年級上冊講述中國地理概況、自然環(huán)境、自然資源和經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的一般特征的基礎(chǔ)上開始進一步闡述我國不同的地理差異,認(rèn)識我國四大地理區(qū)域之間的差異。了解省級區(qū)域、省內(nèi)區(qū)域和跨省區(qū)域的位置、自然特征及經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r。
一般情況下它總是保持清潔新鮮狀態(tài)。但是當(dāng)空氣中某些成分的含量超過了正常含量,或者空氣中進入了正常情況下不存在的成分或有毒有害物質(zhì),從而影響人的健康和生物的生長發(fā)育,或?qū)Ω鞣N物體以及對天氣和氣候產(chǎn)生不良影響時,這樣的空氣狀態(tài)稱為空氣污染。1、當(dāng)空氣受到污染時會是怎樣呢?下面我們做一個實驗。點燃蠟燭,把一張白紙放于火焰上方(不能點燃紙),過一段時間看紙有什么變化?和另外一張紙對比你發(fā)現(xiàn)了什么?請同學(xué)們仔細(xì)觀察下面幾幅圖片,認(rèn)真思考這是我們生活中的什么現(xiàn)象?他們污染了空氣嗎?小結(jié):大氣污染源就是大氣污染物的來源,主要有以下三個:小結(jié):大氣污染源就是大氣污染物的來源,主要有以下三個:(1)工業(yè)污染:工業(yè)是大氣污染的一個重要來源。工廠排放到大氣中的污染物種類繁多,性質(zhì)復(fù)雜,有煙塵、硫的氧化物、氮的氧化物、有機化合物、鹵化物、碳化合物等。