Ⅰ. Teaching Aims and Demands1. Knowledge Objects(1) Key Vocabularyoversleep(2) Target LanguageWhat happened?I overslept. And by the time I got up, my brother had already gotten in the shower.2. Ability Objects(1) Teach the students to use the new words.(2) Train the students to narrate past events with the Past Perfect Tense.(3) Train the students' listening and speaking skills with the target language.3. Moral ObjectIt’s a good habit to go to bed early in the evening and get up early in the morning. So you’ll never be in a hurry in the morning.Ⅱ. Teaching Key Points1. Key Vocabularyoversleep2. Target LanguageNarrate past events with the Past Perfect TenseⅢ. Teaching Difficult Points1. Train the students to narrate past events with the Past Perfect Tense.2. Train the students to understand the target language in spoken conversation.Ⅳ. Teaching Methods1. Thinking of examples from the students' real lives.2. Making sentences by looking at the pictures.Ⅴ. Teaching AidA tape recorderⅥ. Teaching ProceduresStep I Revision1. Revise the language points in Unit 8.Ask some questions like this: What volunteer work would you like to do?Help the students to answer, I’d like to…/I love to…/I hope to2. Practice the dialogue in Activity 3c on page 62 again. Get students to role play the similar dialogues with the following.
本單元主要學(xué)習(xí)一周中星期一到星期天的表達(dá)方式;掌握學(xué)科的表達(dá);學(xué)習(xí)用because和表示品質(zhì)的形容詞表示理由;學(xué)習(xí)what,why,who引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句。本單元圍繞“談?wù)撟约核矚g的學(xué)科”這一話題,設(shè)計(jì)了三個(gè)任務(wù)型活動(dòng):任務(wù)一是:談?wù)撟约核矚g的學(xué)科,學(xué)習(xí)what引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句和學(xué)科的表達(dá);任務(wù)二是:一分鐘演講,讓學(xué)生介紹自己喜歡某一學(xué)科的理由,學(xué)習(xí)why等特殊疑問(wèn)句;任務(wù)三是:寫信,鞏固和延伸所學(xué)知識(shí),掌握星期的表達(dá)方式。單元知識(shí)系統(tǒng)(樹)What’s your/his/her favorite subject? My/His/Her favorite subject is English.Why do you like math. Because it’s interesting.Why does he/she like art? Because it’s fun.When do you have math? I have math 0n Monday,Wednesday and Friday.What’s Ken’s favorite subject? Science.單元總體目標(biāo)通過(guò)本單元的學(xué)習(xí)使學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)談?wù)撟约合埠玫膶W(xué)科或自己喜好的其它事情并給出理由;學(xué)會(huì)說(shuō)出一周的七天;學(xué)會(huì)合理地安排自己的作息時(shí)間。
所需要用到的句子:Who is that?That is Jack. I like him.Why do you like him?I like him because he is interesting.Task 4: 設(shè)計(jì)理想中的人類Step one: 設(shè)計(jì)理想中的人類的外貌。把全班同學(xué)分成若干小組,學(xué)生可以邊說(shuō)邊在紙上畫出他們的模樣。Step two: 設(shè)計(jì)理想中人類的性格。學(xué)生們可以把那些能描述性格的單詞寫在圖畫的旁邊。Step three: 每組選出一名同學(xué),其他同組同學(xué)提問(wèn),他作簡(jiǎn)單回答,并說(shuō)明原因。所需用到的句子:What does he or she look like?He or she ...What is he or she like?He or she is ...Why?Because ...Task 5: 挑戰(zhàn)性活動(dòng)調(diào)查性格是天生的還是后天形成的,讓每個(gè)同學(xué)回家去調(diào)查一下自己成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中性格是否有變化,具體是怎樣的,為什么會(huì)這樣? Teaching Aims:1. Enable students to have a general understanding of how to talk about people's physical appearance.2. Enable students to tackle some essential vocabularies and patterns about describing people. Provide them with necessary skills and methods.3. Create various chances for students to describe the persons they're familiar with, such as classmates, family members, teachers, idols, etc.
教學(xué)過(guò)程Step 1: warming-up Sing a song---------“food and drink” Step 2: Revision1 Dictation2 Revise: What kind of noodles would you like?I’d like …What size bowl of noodles would you like?I’d like…Step 3: Presentation1 show pictures of food, ask students say the words.2 Students read the newspaper ad in 3a. Fill in blanks with words in the box. Then read the ad together, the teacher explains some difficult language points.3 Check the answers Step 4 PracticeAsk students to finish 3b in the same way according to 3a. Students read the short passage and fill in the blanks .At last, check the answers.Step 5 productionAsk students to write their own ad for dumplings, noodles, drinks, and other foods they know. Then ask students to read their partner’s ad. Then order food and drink from their partner.Step 6 Home workGroup work – make an ad about “food and drink”
五、教學(xué)Section B-2c1. Pair work: What do you think of the belt/sunglasses/…? What does your father/mother/… think of your scarf/belt…?2. Group work(1). Teacher shows some different kinds of school uniforms (制服)and asks : “ What do you think of your school uniforms? If you have a chance to choose your school uniforms, what kind would you like to choose?”(2). Discuss in groups.(3).Get some Ss to report in class.說(shuō)明:這一步旨在讓學(xué)生運(yùn)用已有的語(yǔ)言知識(shí)談?wù)搶?duì)事物的看法和意見(jiàn),并簡(jiǎn)單闡明理由,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的主動(dòng)思維能力和運(yùn)用英語(yǔ)的能力。六、教學(xué)拓展調(diào)查電視節(jié)目的收視率任務(wù):調(diào)查你周圍的人對(duì)現(xiàn)在各種電視節(jié)目的反響?;顒?dòng)過(guò)程:1.教師布置任務(wù),讓學(xué)生調(diào)查周圍的人(包括他的親戚朋友和鄰居)喜歡收看哪方面的電視節(jié)目。2.學(xué)生進(jìn)行調(diào)查活動(dòng),運(yùn)用本單元所學(xué)的句型What do you think of….? (Why?)What's your favorite game shows?What do you think of talk show?I doesn’t mind it.I like it.I love it.I can’t stand it.3.記錄下排在前10位的TV Program,填寫調(diào)查表,比較其收視率。
句型: Where did you go on vacation? I went to summer camp.Did she go to Central Park?Yes,she did.No, she didn’t語(yǔ)法:一般過(guò)去時(shí)特殊疑問(wèn)句、一般疑問(wèn)句及肯、否定回答。課時(shí)安排4課時(shí)第一課時(shí):Section A:la,1b,lc,2a,2b,2c 第二課時(shí):Section A:3a,3b,4第三課時(shí):Section B:1,2a,2b,2c第四課時(shí):Section B:3a,3b,3c,4 and Self Check第一課時(shí)教學(xué)目標(biāo)掌握描寫假期生活的形容詞。假期里自己所做事情的簡(jiǎn)單表達(dá)。談?wù)摷倨谧龅氖虑榧爱?dāng)時(shí)情況。談?wù)摷倨跁r(shí)旅游的天氣,旅游者以及食物等。教學(xué)過(guò)程一、導(dǎo)入播放一首英文歌曲:Let’s travel 說(shuō)明:通過(guò)讓學(xué)生聽(tīng)節(jié)奏歡快迪斯尼英語(yǔ)歌曲Let’s travel.引入本節(jié)課談?wù)摰脑掝}vacation and travel. 讓歌曲使學(xué)生的思維活躍,增強(qiáng)課堂氣氛,激發(fā)學(xué)生提高學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的興趣。T:How is the trip ?Ss : It’s pretty good/ happy/exciting /relaxing/busy/dangerous/ fantastic說(shuō)明:這個(gè)問(wèn)題是為了操練形容詞。建議讓多個(gè)Ss作答。鼓勵(lì)他們用不同的形容詞。上述個(gè)別形容詞本應(yīng)在第二課時(shí)中出現(xiàn),但可以在warming-up中第一次非正式出現(xiàn)。這些形容詞也可在老師的評(píng)價(jià)語(yǔ)中適時(shí)出現(xiàn),以加深學(xué)生對(duì)詞匯的印象。
教學(xué)目標(biāo)1.知識(shí)目標(biāo):(1)學(xué)習(xí)What are you going to be when you grow up?/How are you going to do that?句式。(2)學(xué)會(huì)用英語(yǔ)描述有關(guān)職業(yè)的表達(dá)法。2.能力目標(biāo):(1)能夠談?wù)摓閷?shí)現(xiàn)理想所做出的打算和安排。(2)能夠談?wù)撐磥?lái)自己與他人理想的職業(yè)及原因。(3)能用英語(yǔ)描述課余時(shí)間的活動(dòng)安排,最終具備表達(dá)綜合信息的能力。3.情感目標(biāo):新學(xué)期到來(lái)之際,讓他們?cè)趯W(xué)習(xí)、體育、飲食、特長(zhǎng)、讀書等方面制定計(jì)劃,教育學(xué)生合理安排自己的課外生活,思考自己的理想職業(yè)及適合自己的職業(yè)。教學(xué)重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)本單元的重點(diǎn)為“be going to”表將來(lái),want to be, what,where, when,how引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句。難點(diǎn)是語(yǔ)言目標(biāo)的實(shí)現(xiàn)。教材分析本單元以I am going to be a basketball player為話題,共設(shè)計(jì)了三部分的內(nèi)容:一、Section A該部分有4個(gè)模塊。第一模塊圍繞Do you think these jobs are interesting?這一話題展開思維(1a)、聽(tīng)力(1b)、口語(yǔ)(1c)訓(xùn)練;
(1)Have you ever been to …? Yes, I have. / Yes, I have ever been to …No, I haven’t. / No, I have never been to …(2)When did you go there? I went there last year. (3)I have never been to a water park. Neither have I. I have ever been to an amusement park. So have I. (4)How long have you been studying English? I’ve been studying English since nine o’clock. I’ve been studying English since I came back home. I’ve been studying English for five hours. (5)What’s that? It’s an amusement park in Japan. I’ve never been to an amusement park like it before. It’s fun to learn another language. Let’s go tonight. Isn’t this great?space museum, amusement park, water park, South America, Peru, Holland, European culture, tour guide, flight attendant, musical instrument, more than, be from, get to, take lessons, neither, discover, graduate, change
教師帶領(lǐng)學(xué)生復(fù)習(xí)有關(guān)描述寵物的詞匯,采用教師提問(wèn)學(xué)生回答的方進(jìn)行。如:T:What animals do you think would be good pets?What animals do you think would be bad pets?What do you think are good animals for a six-year-old child?然后學(xué)生進(jìn)行 pairwork 練習(xí)。Task two: 師生互動(dòng),學(xué)習(xí)探究 1、播放3a部分的錄音,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生一邊聽(tīng)錄音,一邊跟讀。2、通過(guò)聽(tīng)錄音學(xué)生回答以下問(wèn)題:Why do you think pot-bellied pigs are popular?What are the advantages and disadvantages of keeping such a pet?教師對(duì)學(xué)生的回答進(jìn)行及時(shí)點(diǎn)評(píng)。3.學(xué)習(xí)范文,學(xué)習(xí)重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ),為下步的模仿寫作提供語(yǔ)言素材。T :1. )Have you ever kept a pig as a pet?Do you like pigs? St.:No.…Why don’t you like to keep a pig? St: No.They’re too dirty and lazy(Do you know in some foreign countries like Hollyland, Australia,pigs are the most popular pet.there’s a kind of pig.(圖)it has an interesting name? it ‘s called a pot-bellied pig.) Now,let’s learn an article about this kind of interesting pet.2.)play the tapeSt.:Listen and repeat3.)show some Qs on computer(本子St.: read silently,then answerthe Qs(本子)4.)Ask ss. Close book and retell this passage.(what is a pot-bellied pig? Is it a good or bad pet? ) St.: retell it to each other“A pot –bellied pig is a popular pet now…”5.read the article together.St.:.practice reading
Step 4. Group work (4)1. Ask a pair of students to read the dialogue. Say, This activity provides speaking, listening and writing practice using the target language.2. Ask students to complete the work in groups.3. Check the answers with the whole class. 4. Explain some of the language points. Step 5. Word review (Self check 1)1. Ask students to read the words and the phrases given. 2. Fill in the blanks with proper forms of these words to complete the sentences. 3. Check the answers with the whole class. Homework:Do activity 2 on page 57 after class. Period 6Teaching aims: 1. Teach vocabulary words and the useful expressions. 2. Enable the students to learn etiquette in different culture. 3. Help the students learn how to behave politely in public places and in daily life. Teaching procedures:Step 1. RevisionHelp students to review the function of making requests through a free talk. Then lead them to the topic of etiquette. Explain the meaning of etiquette. Or, ask students to look it up in the dictionary. Step 2. Pre-reading (Section 1)1. Ask students to read the picture and make a list with their partner about how many rules of etiquette can be seen being broken.
教學(xué)目標(biāo): 1. Express preferences2. Talk about one’s likes and dislikes and the reasons3. Learn to express one’s opinions 4. Learn to write a reply 語(yǔ)言功能: 1) Talk about one’s preferences, using t he relative clause2) Talk about people’s likes and dislikes and the reasons3) Talk about opinions語(yǔ)言結(jié)構(gòu): Relative clauses with that and who語(yǔ)言目標(biāo):What kind of music do you like?I like music that I can sing along with.I love singers who write their own music.We prefer music that has great lyric.重點(diǎn)詞匯及短語(yǔ):heart, photography, interest, class, whatever, miss, okay, expect, sweet, taste, itself, laboratory, cancer, increase, biscuit, main, care, prefer… to…, remind somebody of …, dance to, sing along with, be sure to, interest somebody, make somebody adj., to be honest, suit somebody, on display, catch up教學(xué)重難點(diǎn):What do other people think of the different kinds of things? How to express one’s opinions? 學(xué)習(xí)方式:討論,合作學(xué)習(xí)情感目標(biāo):通過(guò)本單元的學(xué)習(xí),能提高學(xué)生的藝術(shù)鑒賞能力和審美情趣,并引導(dǎo)學(xué)生養(yǎng)成健康的飲食習(xí)慣。課時(shí)安排5課時(shí)第一課時(shí):Section A: 1a-2c第二課時(shí):Section A : 3a-4第三課時(shí):Section B:1-2c, Self check2第四課時(shí):Section B: 3a-4, Self check1第五課時(shí):Self check ReadingI like music that I can dance to.
一、Section A該部分有4個(gè)模塊。第一模塊圍繞Whose volleyball is this? 這一話題展開思維( 1a)、聽(tīng)力(1b)、口語(yǔ)( 1c)訓(xùn)練;第二模塊圍繞上一模塊中的話題進(jìn)行聽(tīng)力( 2a-2b)、口語(yǔ)訓(xùn)練( 2c);第三模塊繼續(xù)圍繞前兩個(gè)模塊中的“making inferences”展開訓(xùn)練。訓(xùn)練形式為閱讀排序( 3a)和兩人問(wèn)答(3b);第四模塊仍就上一話題展開討論。二、Section B該部分有4個(gè)模塊。第一模塊要求根據(jù)圖畫和所提供的單詞寫出合理的句子;第二模塊在聽(tīng)力( 2a-2b)和分角色口語(yǔ)訓(xùn)練( 2c)的基礎(chǔ)上,繼續(xù)進(jìn)行“推測(cè)”訓(xùn)練; 第三模塊圍繞“Strange events in Bell Tower neighborhood”這一話題展開閱讀( 3a)和寫作(3b -3c)訓(xùn)練;第四模塊以dream為話題展開小組活動(dòng)。三、Self Check該部分有3個(gè)模塊。第一模塊以填空形式對(duì)所學(xué)詞匯進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練;第二模塊就8個(gè)諺語(yǔ)展開閱讀和討論。
1. 教材分析本單元以how do things affect you?為話題, 從顏色、天氣、音樂(lè)、廣告、產(chǎn)品等方面談?wù)摿送饨缡挛锶绾斡绊懭说男那?。要求學(xué)生掌握表達(dá)某物或某事給人帶來(lái)的感覺(jué)、看法或影響等。共設(shè)計(jì)了四個(gè)部分的內(nèi)容:Section A 該部分有4個(gè)模塊:第一模塊圍繞Which restaurant would you like to go to?這一話題展開思維(1a)、聽(tīng)力(1b)、口語(yǔ)(1c)訓(xùn)練;第二模塊圍繞How does music affect you? 進(jìn)行聽(tīng)力(2a-2b)、口語(yǔ)訓(xùn)練(2c);第三模塊繼續(xù)圍繞how do colors in the restaurant affect you這一話題展開訓(xùn)練,訓(xùn)練形式為閱讀和問(wèn)題體驗(yàn)(3a)和小組活動(dòng)(3b);第四模塊仍就How do things affect you這一話題以調(diào)查的形式展開討論。Section B該部分有4個(gè)模塊:第一模塊圍繞產(chǎn)品廣告對(duì)人們的影響這一話題以“配對(duì)”(1a)與“列舉”(1b)兩種形式展開訓(xùn)練;第二模塊繼續(xù)圍繞How do things affect you? 進(jìn)行聽(tīng)力(2a-2b)、口語(yǔ)對(duì)話訓(xùn)練(2c);第三模塊圍繞“Advertising”這一話題展開閱讀(3a-3b)和寫作(3c)訓(xùn)練;第四模塊圍繞How posters affect you這一話題以口語(yǔ)訓(xùn)練形式展開小組活動(dòng)。
Step Ⅰ RevisionCheck homework. Ask a few students to read the article in 3a.Then ask a few students to read their guides.Step Ⅱ Part 1Look at the words in the box. Ask a student to read them. Make sure the students understand the meaning of the words. You are to fill in the blanks with the words. In some cases, students may need to use another form of the word, for example adjusting for tense or subject/ verb agreement.Ask students to fill in the blanks on their own.Check the answers. Step ⅢPart 2Go through the instructions with the class.Look at the example with the students.Ask students what the answer would be.Ask a student to read the question and answer it.Excuse me, could you tell me where the bank is, please?The bank is across the street from the shopping malt.Get students to complete the work in pairs.Check the answers. Ask a few students to read their questions.Step Ⅳ Just for Fun!Ask all the students to read the conversation. Ask: What is funny about this cartoon? Help students to explain. A Martian is a person from the planet Mars.There is no such thing as Martian food on Earth, and the clerk looks silly because he is trying to think of where there is a Martian restaurant.Invite some pairs of students to present this conversation to the rest of the class.Step Ⅴ Summary and HomeworkIn this class, we’ve done much writing practice using the key vocabulary words and the target language presented in this unit. After class, please finish the questions in 2 in your exercise books. Then finish the exercises on pages 47~48 of the workbook as well.The Seventh Period Ⅰ Teaching Aims and Demands1. Knowledge Objects(1) Key Vocabularyimage, adventure, jealousy, hero, crime, journey, brave, no longer, show interest in, take it easy, become interested in, plain looks(2)Text:Grown-ups like cartoons, too.2. Ability Objects(1) Fast-reading to get a general idea of the text.(2) Careful-reading to get the detailed information in the text.
Talk about offering help (P60)I’ll help clean up the city parks.A: I’d like to work ...B: You could help ...Talk about ways to tell people about the Clean-Up Day (P61)We need to ...We can’t ...I’ll ...Talk about the work the volunteers do (P62)These three students all volunteer their time to help other people.Somebody loves to ... / helps ... / plans to ... / wants to ...A: What do you like doing?B: I like ... A: What kind of volunteer work do you think I could do?B: You could ...1. 重點(diǎn)詞匯advertisement, fix, repair, pleasure, blind, deaf, shut, carry, specially, fetch2. 認(rèn)讀詞匯hunger, homeless, cheer, clean-up, sign, establish, major, commitment, elementary, veterinarian, coach, similar, call-in, strategy, disabled, organization, unable, support, appreciate, donation, part of speech, pronoun, adverb, preposition, conjunction, donate, Jimmy, Sally3. 詞組clean up, cheer up, give out, put off, set up, think up, take after, fix up, give away, put up, hand out, work out, at once
教學(xué)目標(biāo):1. 掌握本單元一些重點(diǎn)詞匯的寫法和用法。2. 學(xué)會(huì)自如談?wù)摬妥蓝Y儀。Step 1 RevisionAsk some students to retell the customs at the table in France in the passage in 3a.Step 2 Self checkPart 1. Fill in each bland with the correct word given. Students do the exercises by themselves at first. Then check the answers. Ask the students to comprehend the sentences and help them point out uses of some words, like “arrive (at / in) sw., spend time / money on sth , spend time / money (in) doing sth.”Part 2. Read about Fan Ling’s experience in a western restaurant. Understand the passage. Point out some key points in the passage.1. be / get used to doing sth. 習(xí)慣做某事2. begin with = start with 以….開頭3. crowd v. 擠滿,塞滿 the crowd 人群 crowded adj. 擁擠的Then students discuss about how she would solve her problem. Ask some to share their stories with others.Part 3. Complete the crossword by looking at the sentences on the left. Then check the answers.
1、圖12.5“浦東新區(qū)的規(guī)劃圖”首先了解浦東新區(qū)的位置,浦東新區(qū)位于黃浦江東部,東臨東海,北瀕長(zhǎng)江,面積廣闊,地形平坦,和上海市繁華的外灘和南京路只有一江之隔;其次要了解城市規(guī)劃的功能分區(qū)。2、圖12.6“浦東新區(qū)圖”圖中可見(jiàn)已建成陸家嘴、張江、金橋、外高橋、孫橋等功能分區(qū),理解浦東作為現(xiàn)代化城市新區(qū)的格局已基本形成。3、圖12.8“浦東新區(qū)的產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)圖(1997年)”讀此圖應(yīng)該明確,浦東新區(qū)國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的主要支柱是工業(yè),第二產(chǎn)業(yè)占62.1%,比重最小的是第一產(chǎn)業(yè),僅占0.8%,為充分發(fā)揮浦東新區(qū)的龍頭作用,今后該區(qū)應(yīng)繼續(xù)把第二產(chǎn)業(yè)放在首要位置,成為上海市高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)和現(xiàn)代工業(yè)的基地?!窘虒W(xué)內(nèi)容】一、浦東新區(qū)的開發(fā)條件和作用建設(shè)城市新區(qū)是上海市發(fā)展的必然選擇,建設(shè)新城區(qū)首先要選擇合適的區(qū)域。
2、上海是全國(guó)最大的商業(yè)中心,上海港是全國(guó)最大的港口。商業(yè)中心區(qū)位選擇因素與港口的區(qū)位選擇因素的共性條件是( )A、自然地理?xiàng)l件B、經(jīng)濟(jì)地理?xiàng)l件C、地理位置D、經(jīng)濟(jì)腹地3、中國(guó)政府宣布開發(fā)上海浦東的時(shí)間是( )A、1978年B、1985年C、1989年D、1990年4、有關(guān)上海優(yōu)越區(qū)位條件的敘述,錯(cuò)誤的是( )A、長(zhǎng)江三角洲可提供充足的農(nóng)副產(chǎn)品B、是全國(guó)最大的交通樞紐C、是我國(guó)最大城市帶的核心城市D、是我國(guó)面積最大的直轄市5、目前上海市面臨的最主要的人口問(wèn)題是( )A、人口老齡化,青壯年贍養(yǎng)照顧眾多老人負(fù)擔(dān)過(guò)重B、衛(wèi)星城鎮(zhèn)人口比重大C、人口基數(shù)大,自然增長(zhǎng)率高D、人口年齡構(gòu)成輕,生育高峰壓力大6、城市問(wèn)題產(chǎn)生的主要原因是( )A、城市規(guī)模擴(kuò)大B、城市基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施相對(duì)滯后C、城市管理混亂D、城市人口規(guī)模和經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)模的迅速擴(kuò)大7、下列可反映上海市的城市問(wèn)題的是( )A、上海市區(qū)人均道路面積略高于北京市區(qū)B、上海市沙塵暴天氣多發(fā)C、上海市許多家庭三代人同室居住D、上海市人均綠地面積稍高于重慶
學(xué)習(xí)方法實(shí)驗(yàn)法、討論法。教學(xué) 媒體投影儀、投影片、巖石標(biāo)本、實(shí)驗(yàn)器具。學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程一、地球的早期演化和地質(zhì)年代1、思考回答:初生地球 有什么特點(diǎn)?2、【啟發(fā)提問(wèn)】看課本大氣的早期是怎樣演化的?水圈是怎樣形成? 學(xué)生分組討論后回答,相互啟發(fā)補(bǔ)充。3、學(xué)生討論、回答:生命起源的過(guò)程怎樣?大氣又是怎樣繼續(xù)演化的?二、記錄地球歷史 的“書頁(yè) ”——巖層和化石1、學(xué)生討論 、回答:地球上巖漿巖、變質(zhì)巖、沉積巖三種巖石的形成和特點(diǎn)2 5、【啟發(fā)提問(wèn)】化石是怎樣形成的?他有什么作用?三、地質(zhì)年代1、【啟發(fā)提問(wèn)】地質(zhì)年代劃分依據(jù)是什么?2、學(xué)生討論、總結(jié)。各階段的特點(diǎn)?學(xué)后記:
在自然界也是如此,可以看到礫石、沙、粉砂、粘土等顆粒大小不同的沉積物?!境鍪就队捌釂?wèn)】(河流下游三角洲示意圖)這是一幅河流下游三角洲的示意圖,你能用沉積作用的原理來(lái)解釋它的形成過(guò)程嗎?學(xué)生討論、回答。【教師小結(jié)】河流攜帶著大量的泥沙,到達(dá)下游時(shí)由于流速降低,泥沙大量沉積,常常會(huì)形成寬廣平坦的三角洲和沖積平原。在那里土壤肥沃,灌溉便利,通常是良好的農(nóng)業(yè)區(qū)?!巨D(zhuǎn)折過(guò)渡】流水的沉積作用給人類帶來(lái)了肥沃的沖積平原,風(fēng)力的沉積作用給人類又帶來(lái)了什么呢?【分析講解】在沙漠中有大量的沙丘,這些沙丘在風(fēng)力作用下會(huì)成為流動(dòng)沙丘,掩沒(méi)農(nóng)田和村莊,甚至是整個(gè)城市。人類正在探索控制沙漠?dāng)U展的方法?!巨D(zhuǎn)折過(guò)渡】沉積物經(jīng)過(guò)物理的、化學(xué)的以及生物化學(xué)的變化和改造,又會(huì)重新變成堅(jiān)硬的巖石,這種作用叫做團(tuán)結(jié)成巖作用。