(一)預(yù)習(xí)檢查、總結(jié)疑惑檢查落實(shí)學(xué)生的預(yù)習(xí)情況并了解學(xué)生的疑惑,使教學(xué)具有針對(duì)性。(二)情境導(dǎo)入、展示目標(biāo)中華文化源遠(yuǎn)流長(zhǎng),博大精深,它是中華民族屹立于世界民族之林的力量源泉。而中華文化的力量,又集中表現(xiàn)為 民族精神的力量。下面,讓我們通過(guò)視頻資料來(lái)感受一下。請(qǐng)同學(xué)看視頻資料:神舟五號(hào)載人飛船是“神舟”號(hào)系列飛船之一,是中國(guó)首次發(fā)射的載人航天飛行器,于2003年10月15日將航天員楊利偉送入太空。這次的成功發(fā)射標(biāo)志著中國(guó)成為繼前蘇聯(lián)(現(xiàn)由俄羅斯承繼)和美國(guó)之后,第三個(gè)有能力獨(dú)自將人送上太空的國(guó)家。(學(xué)生討論)看了這段視頻資料之后,同學(xué)們有什么感受?(學(xué)生發(fā)言略)(教師總結(jié))看了這段視頻資料之后,我們每個(gè)中國(guó)人都會(huì)感到熱血沸騰,激動(dòng)不已,一方面是因?yàn)橹袊?guó)很偉大,我是中國(guó)人,我感到驕傲和自豪;別一方面,也為片中主人公身上所具有的精神所折服。
一、教材分析人教實(shí)驗(yàn)版高中思想政治必修4第二單元第六課的第二框題。本框題所在單元的核心問(wèn)題是如何看待我們周圍的世界,該問(wèn)題也是《生活與哲學(xué)》整本書的核心問(wèn)題之一。而對(duì)這一問(wèn)題的解決,單元中最終是由“在實(shí)踐中追求和發(fā)展真理”來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)的。 本框題是所在單元的歸宿,是對(duì)物質(zhì)與意識(shí)、實(shí)踐與認(rèn)識(shí)關(guān)系的整體呈現(xiàn)與深華,是如何正確看到我們周圍世界問(wèn)題在世界觀上的升華,是單元的最基本的知識(shí)目標(biāo)之一。 二、教學(xué)目標(biāo)(一)知識(shí)目標(biāo):識(shí)記真理的含義;理解真理最基本屬性是客觀性、真理是有條件的、具體的,認(rèn)識(shí)具有反復(fù)性、無(wú)限性,在實(shí)踐中認(rèn)識(shí)、發(fā)現(xiàn)、檢驗(yàn)、發(fā)展真理;分析“追求 真理是一個(gè)過(guò)程”。(二)能力目標(biāo):提高比較分析的能力和明辨是非的能力,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生具體問(wèn)題具體分析的能力及用發(fā)展觀點(diǎn)看問(wèn)題的能力。(三)情感、態(tài)度與價(jià)值觀目標(biāo):學(xué)會(huì)在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中正確區(qū)分真理和謬誤,正確對(duì)待人生道路上面臨的挫折和困難,樹(shù)立在實(shí)踐中不斷認(rèn)識(shí)、豐富、發(fā)展真理的思想。
注:號(hào)碼代表自然帶類型【討論問(wèn)題】(1)請(qǐng)將板圖中符號(hào)與你所在的自然帶“對(duì)號(hào)入座”(提問(wèn)幾位同學(xué))。(2)哪些屬于溫帶森林?哪些屬于熱帶森林?(3)南半球缺少哪些自然帶?(4)氣 候類型相同而自然帶不同的是哪種氣候類型,哪些自然帶?(5)自然帶相同,氣候類型不同的是哪種自然帶,哪些氣候類型?(6)兩組同學(xué)“通道”之間所處的是什么自然帶?(答:過(guò)渡帶,說(shuō)明自然帶沒(méi)有嚴(yán)格界線,整個(gè)自然界是非常和諧地過(guò)渡、相互聯(lián)系結(jié)成的有機(jī)整體)?!痉配浵衿俊陡髯匀粠Ь坝^》,看一段錄像增加感性認(rèn)識(shí)(教師可以使用自己編輯的錄像資料)?!緦W(xué)生討論】閱讀課本P98“世界陸地自然帶分布圖”了解自然 帶的基本分布情況:【學(xué)生回答】略?!窘處熆偨Y(jié)】
3、城鎮(zhèn)人口的比重大幅度提高,工農(nóng)差別、城鄉(xiāng)差別、地區(qū)差別擴(kuò)大的趨勢(shì)逐步扭轉(zhuǎn)請(qǐng)同學(xué)們閱讀下面材料,結(jié)合剛才列舉的實(shí)例,思考它說(shuō)明什么問(wèn)題?2000年我國(guó)農(nóng)村小康總體實(shí)現(xiàn)程度在93%左右,城鄉(xiāng)收入差距在3:1以上。1999年西部地區(qū)小康實(shí)現(xiàn)程度為84.18%,中部和東部地區(qū)為93.18%、97.86%,人均GDP最高的上海市突破4000美元,最低的貴州省只有300多美元。4、社會(huì)保障體系比較健全,社會(huì)就業(yè)比較充分,家庭財(cái)產(chǎn)普遍提高,人民過(guò)上更加富足的生活教師活動(dòng):請(qǐng)同學(xué)們閱讀教材102頁(yè)虛框內(nèi)材料,思考所提問(wèn)題學(xué)生活動(dòng):積極思考,討論發(fā)言。教師總結(jié):說(shuō)明我國(guó)的社會(huì)保障體系逐步完善,但是城鎮(zhèn)居民保障水平較高,農(nóng)村社會(huì)保障水平還比較低。這與我國(guó)的國(guó)情是不相適應(yīng)的,因此,本世紀(jì)初20年,要不斷健全、完善社會(huì)保障體系,集中力量發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì),降低失業(yè)率,提高城鄉(xiāng)居民文化教育娛樂(lè)等消費(fèi)比例,讓人民的吃穿住行達(dá)到更高水平的小康。三、小康社會(huì)的建設(shè)特點(diǎn)和要求
(3)外資經(jīng)濟(jì) 教師活動(dòng):外資經(jīng)濟(jì)是指外國(guó)投資者和港澳臺(tái)投資者根據(jù)我國(guó)法律法規(guī),在我國(guó)大陸設(shè)立的獨(dú)資企業(yè)以及中外合資企業(yè)、中外合作企業(yè)中的外商投資部分。他有利于引進(jìn)外資和先進(jìn)技術(shù),學(xué)習(xí)境外先進(jìn)管理經(jīng)驗(yàn),有利于擴(kuò)大就業(yè)、擴(kuò)大出口,增加財(cái)政收入。 提醒學(xué)生注意中外合資企業(yè)、中外合作企業(yè)中的外商投資部分,不是指中外合資企業(yè)、中外合作企業(yè)全部資產(chǎn)。并簡(jiǎn)略介紹中外合資企業(yè)與中外合作企業(yè)的區(qū)別。(4)非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)的地位 是社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的重要組成部分。教師點(diǎn)撥:請(qǐng)同學(xué)們注意比較,非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)的地位與前面集體經(jīng)濟(jì)的地位有什么不同?學(xué)生活動(dòng):積極思考,回答問(wèn)題教師點(diǎn)撥:集體經(jīng)濟(jì)的地位,是社會(huì)主義公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)的重要組成部分。社會(huì)主義公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)與社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)這兩個(gè)說(shuō)法是不同的。(簡(jiǎn)單了解即可)4、為什么堅(jiān)持以公有制為主體,多種所有制經(jīng)濟(jì)共同發(fā)展
學(xué)生活動(dòng)三:讓學(xué)生閱讀教材P108回答:(投影顯示,然后讓學(xué)生對(duì)這兩個(gè)概念進(jìn)行比較)總的說(shuō),法治與德治是相輔相成、相互促進(jìn)的。設(shè)計(jì)意圖:讓學(xué)生弄清法治與德治的區(qū)別,并理解法治與德治的聯(lián)系。教師過(guò)渡:(提問(wèn))我們進(jìn)行思想道德建設(shè)的兩個(gè)寶貴資源是什么?這又說(shuō)明社會(huì)主義思想道德體系建設(shè)應(yīng)與什么相承接?(3)社會(huì)主義思想道德體系應(yīng)該與中華民族傳統(tǒng)美德相承接①傳統(tǒng)美德是中華傳統(tǒng)道德中的精華學(xué)生活動(dòng)四:列舉中華民族的傳統(tǒng)美德②今天倡導(dǎo)的基本道德規(guī)范是對(duì)中華民族傳統(tǒng)美德的繼承、發(fā)展和創(chuàng)新教師活動(dòng):(投影顯示)我國(guó)《公民道德實(shí)施綱要》提出了20個(gè)字的基本道德規(guī)范??梢跃唧w分為10個(gè)方面:愛(ài)國(guó)守法明禮誠(chéng)信團(tuán)結(jié)友善勤儉自強(qiáng)敬業(yè)奉獻(xiàn)教師過(guò)渡:在我們的社會(huì)主義社會(huì)里,是非、善惡的界限絕對(duì)不能混淆,堅(jiān)持什么、反對(duì)什么,倡導(dǎo)什么、抵制什么,都必須旗幟鮮明。所以我們必須樹(shù)立社會(huì)主義榮辱觀。(4)樹(shù)立社會(huì)主義榮辱觀——八榮八恥
(2)偉大的意義:這些精神文明創(chuàng)建活動(dòng),是人民群眾“移風(fēng)易俗”、改造社會(huì)的偉大創(chuàng)造,也是人民群眾自我教育、自我提高的有效途徑。各具特色的精神文明創(chuàng)建活動(dòng),使人們?cè)谧杂X(jué)參與的過(guò)程中思想感情得到熏陶,思想覺(jué)悟得到啟發(fā),精神生活得到充實(shí),道德意識(shí)得到增強(qiáng),道德境界得到升華。這對(duì)整個(gè)中華民族的精神面貌,正在產(chǎn)生不可估量的積極影響。◇點(diǎn)撥:“相關(guān)鏈接”描述了青年志愿者活動(dòng),引導(dǎo)學(xué)生感悟其精神,升華道德境界,增強(qiáng)參與意識(shí)。(3)必然的選擇:投身于社會(huì)主義精神文明建設(shè)的偉大實(shí)踐,做新時(shí)期中國(guó)先進(jìn)文化的傳播者和建設(shè)者,是當(dāng)代中國(guó)青年成長(zhǎng)、成才的必然選擇?!笸卣寡由欤涸谌罕娦跃裎拿鲃?chuàng)建活動(dòng)中涌現(xiàn)出的先進(jìn)人物和英雄模范,像孔繁森、張海迪、徐洪剛、韓素云、李國(guó)安、徐虎、李素麗等,在全社會(huì)起到了良好的示范作用;提出的一些響亮口號(hào),如“從我做起,從現(xiàn)在做起”“崗位學(xué)雷鋒,行業(yè)樹(shù)新風(fēng)”“單位做個(gè)好職工,社會(huì)做個(gè)好公民,家庭做個(gè)好成員”等,不斷激勵(lì)著人們。
(三)合作探究、精講點(diǎn)撥 【情景導(dǎo)入,感受文化的影響】用多媒體展示教材“活動(dòng)探究”P13的內(nèi)容(圖文并茂)情景問(wèn)題:① 從這兩幅畫面中發(fā)現(xiàn)了哪些文化上的區(qū)別?你還能舉出更多的事例嗎?② 面對(duì)我們祖先創(chuàng)造的精美文化產(chǎn)品,人們的感慨,既有差異,又有共同之處。你能否解釋這是為什么?(學(xué)生討論、回答)情景問(wèn)題:讓學(xué)生閱讀“活動(dòng)探究”情景,帶著這些問(wèn)題去思考、合作、探究,在學(xué)生交流、探究的基礎(chǔ)上,分組派代表完成這些問(wèn)題,突出了學(xué)生的主體地位。設(shè)計(jì)意圖:1、開(kāi)門見(jiàn)山的方式引導(dǎo)學(xué)生進(jìn)行新的學(xué)習(xí)探究活動(dòng),創(chuàng)設(shè)問(wèn)題情景,引起懸念,吸引學(xué)生的注意力,激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣和探究欲望。2、通過(guò)自主探究,讓學(xué)生感悟到道理越辯越明,促使學(xué)生存疑、質(zhì)疑,從而產(chǎn)生強(qiáng)烈的探究欲望。
一、教材分析本課內(nèi)容為《文化生活》(人教版)第二單元“文化傳承與創(chuàng)新”第五課“文化創(chuàng)新”的第二框。如何進(jìn)行文化創(chuàng)新既是一個(gè)社會(huì)熱點(diǎn),具有很強(qiáng)的思想理論性,也具有很強(qiáng)的探索實(shí)踐性。在前面的學(xué)習(xí)探索的 過(guò)程中同學(xué)們基本明確了文化的交流、傳播和發(fā)展,也明白了文化的繼承和發(fā)展需要?jiǎng)?chuàng)新。那么,怎樣進(jìn)行文化創(chuàng)新便是本課探討的內(nèi)容,也是本單元的重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)和落腳點(diǎn)。二、教學(xué)目標(biāo)(一)知識(shí)目標(biāo) (1)理解“取其精華,去其糟粕”,“推陳出新,革故鼎新”是文化創(chuàng)新必然要經(jīng)歷的過(guò)程;明確立足于社會(huì)實(shí)踐是文化創(chuàng)新的根本途徑;(2)理解不同民族文化之間的交流、借鑒與融合,是文化創(chuàng)新的重要途徑;(3)在文化創(chuàng)新過(guò)程中要把握當(dāng)代文化與傳統(tǒng)文化,本民族文化與外來(lái)文化的關(guān)系,反對(duì)“守舊主義”、“封閉主義”和“民族虛無(wú)主義”、“歷史虛無(wú)主義”。
一、教材分析《文化與經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治》是人教版高中政治必修三——文化生活第一單元第一課第二框的教學(xué)內(nèi)容,本課主要評(píng)述文化生活對(duì)人們交往方式、思維方式和生產(chǎn)方式的影響,說(shuō)明現(xiàn)代社會(huì)中文化與經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治相互交融的意義。二、教學(xué)目標(biāo)(一)知識(shí)目標(biāo)◇理解:文化與經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治的關(guān)系:經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治決定文化,文化對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治有重大影響,文化與經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治相互交融 ◇分析:經(jīng)濟(jì)和政治決定文化,文化是一定經(jīng)濟(jì)和政治的反映;文 化對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展具有重要作用,文化是生產(chǎn)力;文化對(duì)政治文明建設(shè)的推動(dòng)作用及對(duì)公民政治素質(zhì)和權(quán)利意識(shí)的作;文化日益成為綜合國(guó)力的重要標(biāo)志。(二)能力目標(biāo)通過(guò)分析文化與經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治的關(guān)系,培養(yǎng)辯證分析能力(三)情感、態(tài)度、值觀目標(biāo)懂得文化在綜合國(guó)力競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中的地位和作用,努力學(xué)習(xí)將來(lái)為增強(qiáng)綜合國(guó)力貢獻(xiàn)力量
(三)合作探究 精講點(diǎn)撥一、發(fā)展的普遍性◇課堂探究:(1)從生命產(chǎn)生到人的出現(xiàn),經(jīng)歷了一個(gè)什么樣的過(guò)程?它說(shuō)明了什么? (2)你認(rèn)為人類的體質(zhì)還會(huì)發(fā)展嗎?◇探究提示:(1)從生命產(chǎn)生到人的出現(xiàn),經(jīng)歷了從化學(xué)進(jìn)化到生物進(jìn)化的上升過(guò)程,最后產(chǎn)生了人類。人類的出現(xiàn)是自然界的一次巨大飛躍。它說(shuō)明了自然界是不斷變化發(fā)展的。(2)會(huì)發(fā)展。因?yàn)槿祟惿鐣?huì)也是一個(gè)不斷變化發(fā)展的過(guò)程。怎樣理解唯物辯證法講的發(fā)展的普遍性?(1)唯物辯證法所說(shuō)的發(fā)展的普遍性包括三個(gè)層次:自然界是發(fā)展的、人類社會(huì)是發(fā)展的、人的認(rèn)識(shí)是發(fā)展的。(2)自然界是發(fā)展的。自然界總是處在由低級(jí)到高級(jí)、由簡(jiǎn)單到復(fù)雜的運(yùn)動(dòng)過(guò)程中。自然界的發(fā)展是由物質(zhì)世界的相互聯(lián)系引起的。正是由于事物之間的相互作用,才構(gòu)成了事物的變化和發(fā)展。
一、教材分析 《認(rèn)識(shí)運(yùn)動(dòng) 把握規(guī)律》是人教版高中政治必修四第4章第2框的教學(xué)內(nèi)容,主要學(xué)習(xí)運(yùn)動(dòng)和規(guī)律二、教學(xué)目標(biāo)1.知識(shí)目標(biāo):運(yùn)動(dòng)的含義、相對(duì)靜止的含義、規(guī)律的含義、物質(zhì)和運(yùn)動(dòng)的辨證關(guān)系、運(yùn)動(dòng)和靜止的辨證關(guān)系2.能力目標(biāo): 鍛煉學(xué)生理論聯(lián)系實(shí)際的能力,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生正確認(rèn)識(shí)世界本質(zhì),并能夠自覺(jué)按照客觀規(guī)律辦事的能力3.情感、態(tài)度和價(jià)值觀目標(biāo):通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)運(yùn)動(dòng)和靜止的辨證關(guān)系,使學(xué)生懂得辨證唯物主義在承認(rèn)運(yùn)動(dòng)絕對(duì)性的同時(shí)還承認(rèn)相對(duì)靜止的重要作用,從而承認(rèn)世界是可知的,在生活、學(xué)習(xí)和工作中增強(qiáng)認(rèn)識(shí)世界和改造世界的勇氣和信心,反對(duì)離開(kāi)相對(duì)靜止談運(yùn)動(dòng),避免形而上學(xué)的相對(duì)主義和詭辯論的錯(cuò)誤三、教學(xué)重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)規(guī)律的客觀性四、學(xué)情分析本框題的內(nèi)容比較抽象,不易理解,所以講解時(shí)需要詳細(xì)。教師指導(dǎo)學(xué)生借助生活中的一些常識(shí)來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)本課內(nèi)容
1、(1)黃筌為什么無(wú)法改動(dòng)吳道子的畫?(2)如果讓你改動(dòng)這幅畫,你會(huì)怎樣做?談?wù)勀愕目捶??!筇骄刻崾荆?1)吳道子的畫是一個(gè)整體,黃筌之所以無(wú)法改動(dòng)此畫就是因?yàn)楫嬛惺持笒豆硌凼钦嫷囊徊糠?,它的存在處于畫的被支配地位,只能服從和服?wù)于整幅畫。一旦改動(dòng),則失去了其整體的功能。(2)不改。因?yàn)檎w與部分又是辯證統(tǒng)一的。2、統(tǒng)籌城鄉(xiāng)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展,要跨出傳統(tǒng)的就農(nóng)業(yè)論農(nóng)業(yè)、就農(nóng)村論農(nóng)村的局限,站在國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的全局角度,建設(shè)社會(huì)主義新農(nóng)村。這是現(xiàn)階段解決“三農(nóng)”問(wèn)題的基本立場(chǎng)和思維方法。這一基本立場(chǎng)和思維方法體現(xiàn)的唯物辯證法道理( )A.要注意系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部機(jī)構(gòu)的優(yōu)化B.要著眼于事物的整體性C.要堅(jiān)持主觀和客觀的統(tǒng)一 D.要重視部分的作用,搞好局部解析:材料強(qiáng)調(diào)的是整體的重要性,要求站在國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的全局角度,統(tǒng)籌城鄉(xiāng)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展。A、C、D三個(gè)選項(xiàng)不符合題意。正確答案為B。
The topic of this part is “Discover the reasons for festivals and celebrations.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at talking about the experiences and feelings or emotions about the festivals and celebrations. This section aims at detecting the reason why the people celebrate the festivals, the time, the places, the types and the way of celebrations. It also explains why some traditions in the old celebrations are disappearing, like the firecrackers in the big cities and some new things are appearing like the prosperity of business or commerce. 1. Students can talk about what festivals they know and the reasons and the way of celebrating them.2. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.3. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them. 4. Students can have the international awareness about the festivals.1. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.2. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat festival do you like best ? Why ?I like the Spring Festivals because I can set off the fireworks, receive the lucky money and enjoy the Gala with my families.Step 2 Before reading---Pair workWhy do people celebrate different festivals ?The Spring Festivals is to celebrate the end of winter and the coming of spring and new life.The Mid-autumn Day is to celebrate the harvest and admire the moon.
The theme of this section is “Talk about festival activities and festival experiences”.Festival and holiday is a relaxing and interesting topic for students. This part talks about the topic from the daily life of students’. In the part A ---Listening and Speaking, there are three conversations among different speakers from three countries(Japan, Rio and China), where the speakers are participating in or going to participate in the festivals and celebrations. So listening for the relationship among them is a fundamental task. Actually, with the globalization and more international communication, it is normal for Chinese or foreigners to witness different festivals and celebrations in or out of China. In the Conversation 1, a foreign reporter is interviewing a Japanese young girl who just had participated in the ceremony of the Coming-of-Age Day on the street and asking her feeling about the ceremony and the afterwards activities. Conversation 2, Chinese girl Li Mei is witnessing the Rio Carnival for the first time, and her friend Carla gives her some advice on the costumes which enables her to match with the carnival to have a good time. Conversation 3, a Chinese guide is showing a group of foreign visitors around the Lantern Festival and introducing the customs of the festival to them. The three conversations have a strong vitality and insert the festival and cultural elements from different countries. So perceiving the festivals and cultures from different countries is the second task. At the same time, the scripts also insert the targeted grammar --- v-ing as attributive and predicative, which students can perceive and experience in a real context and make a road for the further study. That is the third task. In the Part B--- Listening and Talking, the theme is “Talk about festival experience”, which is the common topic in our daily conversations. During the conversation, Song Lin, a Chinese student, asked Canadian friend Max about how to spend Christmas. In the conversation, Song Lin talked about experience and the feelings during the Chinese Spring Festival, during which there are not only some enjoyable things but some unpleasant things. After the listening, perhaps students find there are some similarities between Christmas and the Chinese Spring Festival as there are some differences in the origins and celebrations. For example, people always visit friends and relatives, decorate their houses, have a big dinner together, chat and give presents to each other.
Step 4 PracticeRead the conversation. Find out which words have been left out.Justin: Linlin, I’m going to Guizhou Province next month. I’m super excited! Any recommendations for places to visit?Linlin: Wow, cool! Guizhou is a province with a lot of cultural diversity. Places to visit...well, definitely the Huangguoshu Waterfall first.Justin: What’s special about the waterfall?Linlin: Well, have you ever heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West ?Justin: Yes, I have. Why ?Linlin: In the back of the waterfall, you will find a cave, which is the home of the Monkey King.Justin: Really? Cool! I’ll definitely check it out.Linlin:And I strongly recommend the ethnic minority villages. You’ll find Chinese culture is much more diverse than you thought.Justin:Sounds great, thanks.Answers:Justin: Linlin, I’m going to Guizhou Province next month. I’m super excited! Do you have any recommendations for places to visit?Linlin: Wow, that’s cool! Guizhou is a province with a lot of cultural diversity. What are some places to visit in Guizhou ? Well, definitely the Huangguoshu Waterfall is the first place to visit in Guizhou Province.Justin: What’s special about the waterfall?Linlin: Well, have you ever heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West ?Justin: Yes, I have heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West . Why do you ask if I have heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West?Linlin: In the back of the waterfall, you will find a cave, which is the home of the Monkey King from Journey to the West.Justin: That’s really true? It’s Cool! I’ll definitely check it out.Linlin:And I strongly recommend the ethnic minority villages on your trip to Guizhou Province. You’ll find Chinese culture is much more diverse than you thought it was.Justin:This all sounds great, thanks.
The theme of the section is “Describe space facts and efforts to explore space”. Infinitives are one of non-finite verbs, as the subjects, objects, predicative, attributes and adverbials. This unit is about space exploration, which is a significant scientific activity, so every scientific activity has strong planning. Therefore, using the infinitives to show its purpose, explanations or restrictions is the best choice.1. Learn the structure, functions and features of infinitives.2. Learn to summarize some rules about infinitives to show purpose and modify.3. Learn to use infinitives in oral and writing English. 1. Learn the structure, functions and features of infinitives.2. Learn to summarize some rules about infinitives to show purpose and modify.3. Learn to use use infinitives in oral and writing English.Step 1 Lead in---Pair workLook at the following sentences and focus on the italicized infinitives. In pairs, discuss their functions. 1. I trained for a long time to fly airplanes as a fighter pilot..(作目的狀語(yǔ))2. As we all know, an astronaut needs to be healthy and calm in order to work in space..(作目的狀語(yǔ))3. First of all, you must be intelligent enough to get a related college degree..(作目的狀語(yǔ))4. Some scientist were determined to help humans realise their dream to explore space..(作定語(yǔ))5. On 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space..(作定語(yǔ))Summary:1. 不定式的結(jié)構(gòu):to+do原形。2. 分析上面的句子,我們知道在描述太空探索時(shí),動(dòng)詞不定式不僅可以用來(lái)表目的,還可以用來(lái)作定語(yǔ),表修飾。
Step 3 Meaning1. 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間來(lái)看將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài), 常用在賓語(yǔ)從句中。一般由“would/should +動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成。She hoped that they would meet again someday. 她希望將來(lái)有一天他們能再見(jiàn)面。2. was/were going to+動(dòng)詞原形: 表示過(guò)去將要發(fā)生或很有可能發(fā)生的動(dòng)作, 常用于口語(yǔ)中, 表示預(yù)言、意圖或者打算等。He was going to start work the following week. 他打算下星期開(kāi)始工作。3. was/were about to do: 常用來(lái)表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作, “剛要/正要做……”。注意該結(jié)構(gòu)不與任何時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。I felt that something terrible was about to happen. 我感到某種可怕的事情即將發(fā)生。4.was/were to do: 表示“曾計(jì)劃做某事”, 如果表示“本來(lái)計(jì)劃做某事, 動(dòng)作沒(méi)實(shí)現(xiàn)”, 則需用 “was/were to have done”。She said she was to have told me about the accident. 她說(shuō)她本來(lái)想告訴我關(guān)于事故的事。5.Start, go, come, leave, see, meet等動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí): 表示就過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻而言即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。She was coming later. 她隨后就來(lái)。I had just put on my overcoat and was leaving to visit a friend of mine. 我剛穿上外套要去看我的一個(gè)朋友。
? Could you offer me some kind of work here?? I don’t want your charity, I just want an honest job.? Careless: I landed in Britain by accident.Step 7:Consolidation.? Find Henry? Roderick and Oliver were I .making a bet when they saw Henry, a poor young man. ? Know Henry? About a month ago, Henry was sailing and later he found himself carried out to sea by a strong wind. Fortunately, he 2.was spotted by a ship. And it was the ship that brought him to 3.England? Offer money to Henry ? Oliver and Roderick gave Henry a letter and told him that there was money in it. They 4.persuaded him to accept it, and made him 5.promise that it wouldn't be opened until 2 o'clock.Step 8:Language pointsa large amount of: a large quantity of; a great deal ofe.g. They bought a large amount of furniture before they moved their new house.make a bet: make an arrangement to risk money, etc. on an event of which the result is doubtful.e.g. We made a bet on the result of the match.permit sb to do something: allow somebody to do somethinge.g. My mother doesn’t permit me to ride in the street after it rained.by accident: as a result of chancee.g. I only found it by accident.stare at: look at somebody or something with the eyes wide open in a fixed gaze( in astonishment, wonder, fear, etc)to be honest: to tell you the truth; to be franke.g. To be honest, I don’t think we have a chance of winning.Step7 Homework:What do you think will happen to Henry? Will the bank-note help him or get him into trouble?
(1)下面列出的是我國(guó)南北方傳統(tǒng)民居的差異,分析形成這些差異的自然原因:——北方民居正南正北的方位觀比南方強(qiáng);——北方民居的墻體嚴(yán)實(shí)厚重,南方民居的墻體輕??;——從北到南,民居的屋頂坡度逐漸增大,房檐逐漸加寬,房屋進(jìn)深和高度逐漸加大。(2)下面列出的是我國(guó)南北方城市住宅摟的差異,分析導(dǎo)致這些差異的自然原因:——如果不考慮地價(jià)、建筑材料等因素,建同等面積的住房,北方的建筑成本比南方高 ;——建同樣高度的多幢樓房,北方樓房的南北間距比南方大。點(diǎn)撥:本活動(dòng)要求學(xué)生了解由于地理環(huán)境的差異造成南北方建筑物特點(diǎn)的不同,并由此認(rèn)識(shí)地理環(huán)境 差異對(duì)人們生活的影響。(1)比較而言,北方的冬季寒冷而漫長(zhǎng),南方的夏季濕熱而漫長(zhǎng)。為了在冬季充分利用太陽(yáng)光照和熱量,北方民居正南正北的方位觀比南方強(qiáng)。北方民居的墻體嚴(yán)實(shí)厚重,利用在冬季保溫御寒;南方民居的墻體輕薄,利于在夏季通風(fēng)透氣。從北到南,年降水量逐漸增大,民居的屋頂坡度也逐漸增大(利于排水) ;隨著對(duì)保溫要求的降低和對(duì)通風(fēng)納涼要求的提高,民居的屋檐逐漸加寬,房屋進(jìn)深和高度逐漸加大。