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新人教版高中英語必修3Unit 4 Space Exploration-Reading and Thinking教學設計二
The theme of this unit focuses on “space exploration.” Students will learn about the training and experience needed to become an astronaut. The text is mainly about the development of space exploration. On the one hand, the text helps students to have a good understanding about the great feats humans have achieved, on the other hand, they will further understand the contributions that we Chinese have achieved, and feel confident and proud about our homeland and strengthen their love for our country. The teacher should instruct students to aim high and study harder to make great progress in the space career if possible.1. Read about the development and value of space exploration.2. Explore the mysteries of the universe and the achievements in space exploration.3. Skillfully use the vocabulary of this text to cultivate self-study ability 4. Develop cooperative learning ability through discussion.1. Enable the Ss to talk about the development and value of space exploration.2. Guide the Ss to summarize the main idea of each paragraph as well as the main idea of the text.3. Help Ss comprehend the main reasons for space exploration. Multi-media, textbook, notebooks.Step 1: Warming up and predictionLook at the title and the pictures of the text and predict what the text will be about?2. What are the main reasons for space exploration?
新人教版高中英語必修3Unit 4 Space Exploration-Reading for Writing教學設計二
⑦在我看來, 探索太空是值得的。As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space.Step 10 Writing---draftRecently, students in our class have had heated a discussion on whether space is worth exploring. Students hold different ideas about it.30% of us think space exploration is not worthwhile. They think space is too far away from us and our daily life and is a waste of money. And the money spent on space exploration can be used to solve the earth’s problems such as starvation and pollution.On the other hand，70% think space is worth exploring because we have benefited a lot from it，such as using satellites for communication and weather forecast. What’s more，with further space research，we may solve the population problem by moving to other planets one day. Also，space research will enable us to find new sources to solve the problem of energy shortages on the earth.As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space. Not only can it promote the development of society but also enrich our life. Step 11 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1.Does the writer explain why he/she changed/wanted to change?2.Does the writer tell how the changes have improved or will improve his/her life?3.Is the text well－organised?4.Does the writer use words and expressions to show similarities and differences?5.Are there any grammar or spelling errors?6.Does the writer use correct punctuation？
新人教版高中英語必修3Unit 5 The Value of Money- Discovering Useful Structure教學設計
Step 3 Meaning1. 過去將來時表示從過去某一時間來看將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài), 常用在賓語從句中。一般由“would/should +動詞原形”構成。She hoped that they would meet again someday. 她希望將來有一天他們能再見面。2. was/were going to+動詞原形: 表示過去將要發(fā)生或很有可能發(fā)生的動作, 常用于口語中, 表示預言、意圖或者打算等。He was going to start work the following week. 他打算下星期開始工作。3. was/were about to do: 常用來表示即將發(fā)生的動作, “剛要/正要做……”。注意該結(jié)構不與任何時間狀語連用。I felt that something terrible was about to happen. 我感到某種可怕的事情即將發(fā)生。4.was/were to do: 表示“曾計劃做某事”, 如果表示“本來計劃做某事, 動作沒實現(xiàn)”, 則需用 “was/were to have done”。She said she was to have told me about the accident. 她說她本來想告訴我關于事故的事。5.Start, go, come, leave, see, meet等動詞的過去進行時: 表示就過去某一時刻而言即將發(fā)生的動作。She was coming later. 她隨后就來。I had just put on my overcoat and was leaving to visit a friend of mine. 我剛穿上外套要去看我的一個朋友。
新人教版高中英語必修3Unit 5 The Value of Money-Listening &Speaking教學設計
Step 4: Listen again and decide if the following statements are true (T) or false (F).1 It was the first time Chen Liyan's story was reported. T口 F口2 Chen found 10,000 yuan in a small plastic bag in Taiyuan railway station口 F口3 Wang Zheng apologized to Chen because he couldn't offer her more money. T口 F口4 Chen took out a large loan to cure her daughter, T口 F口5 Wang set up a fundraising website for Chen's daughter after Chen told him about her situation. T口 F口Step 5：After listening, discuss the questions.1 What kind of person do you think Chen Liyan is?Chen Liyan is generous and honest because she returned a large sum of money to the owner.2 Did Chen return the money because she didn't need it?No. She returned the money because it was the right thing to do. Evidence for this is that she refused to accept the reward money because she felt that it had not been earned. 3 Is it common for people to do what Chen did?It depends on the culture. In some countries it is quite common to return money that has been found. In other countries, people believe "Finders are keepers!" 4 How did Wang Zheng feel about the return of his money?He must have been very happy and relieved to have gotten his money back. We know this because he thanked Chen repeatedly and even offered her a reward.5 Why did Ma Dongbao tell Wang about Chen's family?He must have had great sympathy for Chen and her daughter and wanted to help them.'We know this because he arranged help for them. 6 How did the news reporter feel about Chen's actions?The news reporter felt that it showed that money wasn't the most important thing in life. We know this because the reporter told us that this is what Chen believes. and then said, “that's a great attitude to take."
新人教版高中英語必修3Unit 5 The value of money-Reading and Thinking教學設計二
? Could you offer me some kind of work here?? I don’t want your charity, I just want an honest job.? Careless: I landed in Britain by accident.Step 7:Consolidation.? Find Henry? Roderick and Oliver were I .making a bet when they saw Henry, a poor young man. ? Know Henry? About a month ago, Henry was sailing and later he found himself carried out to sea by a strong wind. Fortunately, he 2.was spotted by a ship. And it was the ship that brought him to 3.England? Offer money to Henry ? Oliver and Roderick gave Henry a letter and told him that there was money in it. They 4.persuaded him to accept it, and made him 5.promise that it wouldn't be opened until 2 o'clock.Step 8：Language pointsa large amount of: a large quantity of; a great deal ofe.g. They bought a large amount of furniture before they moved their new house.make a bet: make an arrangement to risk money, etc. on an event of which the result is doubtful.e.g. We made a bet on the result of the match.permit sb to do something: allow somebody to do somethinge.g. My mother doesn’t permit me to ride in the street after it rained.by accident: as a result of chancee.g. I only found it by accident.stare at: look at somebody or something with the eyes wide open in a fixed gaze( in astonishment, wonder, fear, etc)to be honest: to tell you the truth; to be franke.g. To be honest, I don’t think we have a chance of winning.Step7 Homework:What do you think will happen to Henry? Will the bank-note help him or get him into trouble?
新人教版高中英語必修3Unit 5 The Value of Money-Reading for Writing教學設計二
2. 您能看到, 我頭發(fā)太長了。You can see that my hair is much too long.3. 無論什么時候, 只要您想回來就回來。Please come back whenever you want.4. 您僅有很少的頭發(fā)要理! You only have too little hair to cut !5. 為您服務是我的榮幸！It is my honour to serve you!Step 9 Writing(Henry is walking down the street when he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to have it cut. )H=Henry B=BarberH: Good afternoon, I’d like to have my hair cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry’s hair and continues cutting another man’s hair. ) Er, I’d really like a haircut. As you can see it’s much too long. B: (in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H: Fine, well, I’ll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber’s chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B: It’s quite expensive here, you know! Are you sure you can afford it?H: Yes. I think so. (After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B: Why Mr. . . (looks shocked)H: Adams. Henry Adams. I’m sorry. I don’t have any change. B: Please don’t worry! (wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about! Nothing at all! Please come back whenever you want, even if you only have too little hair to cut! It will be my honour to serve you!Step 10 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1. Are all the elements of a play included and in good order ?2. Do the character use suitable language ?3. Are the stage directions clear and useful ?4. Is the plot clear and exciting enough ?
新人教版高中英語必修3Unit 4 Space Exploration-Listening&Speaking＆Talking教學設計二
The themes of this part are “Talk about how to become an astronaut” and “Talk about life in space”. As Neil Armstrong said “Mystery creates wonder and wonder is the basis of man’s desire to understand. Space is difficult for human to reach, therefore, humans are full of wonders about it. However, if wanting to achieve the dream of reaching the Moon, some of our human should work hard to be an astronaut at first. Part A(Talk about how to become an astronaut) is a radio interview in a radio studio, where the host asked the Chinese astronauts about his story how to become an astronaut. Yang Liwei told his dreamed to be an astronaut since childhood. Then he worked hard to get into college at 22. The next 10 years, he gradually became an experienced pilot. At the same time, to be an astronaut, he had to study hard English, science and astronomy and trained hard to keep in good physical and mental health and to practise using space equipment. Part B (Talk about life in space) is also an interview with the astronaut Brown, who is back on the earth. The host Max asked about his space life, such as his emotion about going back the earth, the eating, shower, brushing, hobbies and his work. Part A and Part B are interviews. So expressing curiosity about the guests’ past life is a communicative skill, which students should be guided to learn.1. Students can get detailed information about how Yang Liwei became an astronaut and Max’s space life.2. Students learn to proper listening strategy to get detailed information---listening for numbers and taking notes.3. Students can learn related sentences or phrases to express their curiosity like “ I wish to know...” “I’d love to know...”4. Students can learn more about the space and astronauts, even be interested in working hard to be an astronaut
高中歷史人教版必修一《第22課祖國統(tǒng)一大業(yè)（簡案）》說課稿
情景導入：．．．．．．運用情景營造氣氛，激發(fā)學生的求知欲望，幫助學生聯(lián)系現(xiàn)實問題，學習歷史，拉近歷史與現(xiàn)實的距離，引導學生關注時政熱點，關心國家大事。自主學習：組織學生閱讀課文，老師參與學生閱讀活動并板書知識結(jié)構。通過學生自主學習，培養(yǎng)學生自學能力，為進一步好好學習打下基礎。交流學習：學生自學以后，老師引導學生相互交流自學成果，學生自主提出問題，相互解答，從而達到生生互動、師生互動，在互動中學習，共同提高
高中歷史人教版必修一《第22課祖國統(tǒng)一大業(yè)》說課稿
1、教材分析 本課選自普通高中課程標準實驗教材，人民教育出版社歷史必修（1），第六單元：現(xiàn)代中國的政治建設與祖國統(tǒng)一，第22課——祖國統(tǒng)一大業(yè)。祖國統(tǒng)一始終是中國人民的共同夙愿。本課內(nèi)容主要敘述了“一國兩制”的偉大構想，為完成祖國統(tǒng)一大業(yè)提出了一個創(chuàng)造性的指導方針。香港、澳門的回歸，是“一國兩制” 偉大構想的成功實踐。在“一國兩制”方針指導下，海峽兩岸實現(xiàn)了一次歷史性的突破。揭示了“一國兩制” 的構想，對推動完成祖國完全統(tǒng)一大業(yè)，實現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復興具有現(xiàn)實指導意義。 2、學情分析通過調(diào)查知道，學生對本節(jié)的基本史實有一定了解。但是，高一新生習慣于知識的記憶和教師的講解，不能深入分析歷史現(xiàn)象的內(nèi)涵和外延；不能進一步探究事物的因果關系和理解事物的本質(zhì)；并且需要進一步拓展思維的廣度和深度，實現(xiàn)從一維目標到三維目標的飛躍。
人教版高中政治必修3思想道德修養(yǎng)與科學文化修養(yǎng)說課稿
由此引導學生的深思，學生通過合作探究，幫助學生認識到不注重思想道德修養(yǎng)，即使掌握了豐富的科學知識，也難以避免人格上的缺失，甚至危害社會。進而總結(jié)出關系二：加強思想道德修養(yǎng)，能夠促進科學文化修養(yǎng)?？茖W文化修養(yǎng)的意義播放感動中國人物徐本禹先進事跡短片。學生觀看完視頻后，思考：從徐本禹的事跡中，我們可以了解到我們加強科學文化修養(yǎng)的根本意義是什么？引導學生結(jié)合自身體會，發(fā)表各自見解，在此基礎上幫助學生總結(jié)出，要使自己的思想道德境界不斷升華，為人民服務的本領不斷提高，成為一個真正有知識文化涵養(yǎng)的人，成為一個脫離低級趣味的人、有益于人民的人。知識點三：追求更高的思想道德目標根據(jù)教材110探究活動（思想道德的差異、反應人們世界觀、人生觀、價值觀的差異）思考：用公民的基本道德規(guī)范來衡量這些觀點，你贊成哪些觀點？反對哪些觀點？小組進行合作探究，引導學生根據(jù)公民基本道德規(guī)范對這些價值觀進行評析。
人教版高中政治必修3思想道德修養(yǎng)與知識文化修養(yǎng)說課稿
１.做學問之前首先學會做人2.知識文化修養(yǎng)和思想道德修養(yǎng)的關系三.追求更高的思想道德目標㈤ 說教學評價和反思：1.這節(jié)課主要是以學生為主體，老師為主導，讓學生充分發(fā)表自己的看法，把理論的知識結(jié)合在實際的日常生活中，鼓勵學生充分發(fā)表自己的意見，能調(diào)動學生學習的積極性，達到教學目的。這節(jié)課學生討論，發(fā)言的機會很多，但由于我校的學生的基礎薄弱，在發(fā)言時難免偏離老師引導的方向，甚至出現(xiàn)毫不相干的說法，由于本人經(jīng)驗不夠此時如何去引導他們可能做的還不夠好。2.新課程的教學，如何突破書本知識的局限，延伸更深層次的內(nèi)容是一個難題。本節(jié)課在知識的處理上，把道德的重要性與道德的層次兩個知識點補充了進去，目的是讓學生在學習之前有一個情感的鋪墊，從而更好地達到教學目標。
人教版高中政治必修4矛盾是事物發(fā)展的源泉和動力說課稿（二）
一、說教材1、本框的地位和作用本框題是人教版普通高中課程標準實驗教科書思想政治必修4《生活與哲學》第三單元第九課第一個框題。從這一框開始學生學習唯物辯證法中最基本的概念——矛盾。世界是普遍聯(lián)系和變化發(fā)展的，聯(lián)系的根本內(nèi)容是矛盾，發(fā)展的根本動力也是矛盾。矛盾的觀點是唯物辯證法的根本觀點。矛盾規(guī)律即對立統(tǒng)一規(guī)律揭示了事物發(fā)展的源泉和動力。矛盾分析法是我們認識世界和改造世界的根本方法。因而本框題起著承上啟下的作用。2、教學目標知識與技能：識記：矛盾、矛盾同一性、斗爭性的含義；矛盾普遍性、特殊性的含義。理解：矛盾同一性與斗爭性的辯證關系；矛盾普遍性和特殊性的辯證關系及其重要意義。運用：聯(lián)系實例，分析矛盾含義和矛盾普遍性含義；聯(lián)系生活實例，分析矛盾特殊性含義。
人教版高中生物必修2基因是有遺傳效應的DNA片段說課稿
1.基因的化學組成：每個基因含有成百上千個脫氧核苷酸。講述：基因的脫氧核苷酸排列順序代表遺傳信息。2.基因不同的實質(zhì)：不同的基因，四種脫氧核苷酸的排列順序不同，但是每個基因都有特定的排列順序。3.基因的位置：染色體是基因的主要載體，每個染色體含有一個DNA分子，每個DNA分子含有多個基因，基因在染色體上呈直線排列。4.基因是有遺傳效應的DNA片段這就是說，基因是DNA的片段，但必須具有遺傳效應（指具有復制、轉(zhuǎn)錄、翻譯、重組突變及調(diào)控等功能）。有的DNA片段屬間隔區(qū)段，沒有控制性狀的作用，這樣的DNA片段就不是基因?？刂颇撤N性狀的基因有特定的DNA片段，蘊含特定的遺傳信息，可以切除，可以拼接到其他生物的DNA上，從而獲得某種性狀的表達。例如：把牛的胰島素基因拼接到大腸桿菌的DNA上，大腸桿菌可以生產(chǎn)胰島素。
人教版高中生物必修2基因指導蛋白質(zhì)的合成說課稿
六、說教學反思由于本節(jié)內(nèi)容抽象復雜, 插圖多, 涉及的物質(zhì)種類也比較多，應要求學生做好課前預習。教學中，在處理主干知識和側(cè)枝內(nèi)容的關系時，要做到合理分配時間，明確不同內(nèi)容的教學要求。教師要注意將知識及時進行歸納、比較和總結(jié)。要讓學生了解各個知識點間的內(nèi)在關系，又要能簡潔、清晰地概述轉(zhuǎn)錄和翻譯的過程。教師在備課時，一定要仔細分辨并揣摩插圖所表達的意思，并能將不同的插圖內(nèi)容與教學流程有機地結(jié)合起來。在對插圖的處理上，還應分清主次和輕重。教材在呈現(xiàn)教學內(nèi)容時，采用圖文并茂的方式來揭示轉(zhuǎn)錄與翻譯的動態(tài)過程。因此，教師不僅要利用插圖達到形象和直觀的教學效果，還應配合教材中的文字描述作深入淺出的講解，使文字信息與圖形信息結(jié)合起來，讓學生感知到基因的表達是一個多層次的、動態(tài)的、相互協(xié)調(diào)和配合的過程。盡可能利用多媒體課件進行教學。多媒體課件可以形象、生動地反映基因表達的過程，這是紙質(zhì)教材難以做到的。
人教版高中生物必修2基因?qū)π誀畹目刂普f課稿
7．讓學生閱讀基因控制蛋白質(zhì)合成的過程（轉(zhuǎn)錄,翻譯）13分鐘 動畫演示“轉(zhuǎn)錄,翻譯”過程兩次,讓學生有個整體印象。 培養(yǎng)學生自學習慣，突出教學過程中的學生為主體的教學思想。 8．配合動畫引導學生根據(jù)預習逐段講解。 注意問題（1）轉(zhuǎn)錄,翻譯的地點,模板,生成物不同。因為這是一個極其復雜的過程,避免學生在學習過程中相混肴.（2）這個問題的闡明能為后面“密碼子”的概念做好鋪墊,避免學生搞不清“遺傳密碼”和“遺傳信息”兩個概念。 9．打出板書。 通過動畫演示,加深學生的理解和掌握,提高學習效率。 10．重播全過程動畫,引導學生講述。7分鐘 _x0007_加深認識,完成從量變到質(zhì)變的飛躍。 11．過渡：就這樣，以DNA為模板合成信使RNA，再以信使RNA為模板,以轉(zhuǎn)運RNA為運載工具,使氨基酸在核糖體中按照一定的順序排列起來,合成了與親代一樣的蛋白質(zhì),從而顯現(xiàn)出與親代同樣的性狀。從而引出“中心法則”。
人教版高中生物必修2基因突變和基因重組說課稿
1、教材內(nèi)容本節(jié)是人教版普通高中標準實驗教科書生物必修2《遺傳與進化》的第五章《基因突變及其他變異》的第一節(jié)內(nèi)容。本節(jié)介紹了可遺傳變異的兩種類型：基因突變和基因重組，其中基因突變從實例對鐮刀型細胞貧血癥的分析入手，引入基因突變的概念，然后詳細闡述基因突變的原因和特點、意義。在闡述自然狀態(tài)下基因突變的頻率很低時，教材用實例說明在一個足夠大的群體中，即使基因突變頻率很低，突變個體仍然會占有一定的數(shù)量。這個實例體現(xiàn)了生物在進化過程中“變”與“不變”的平衡，有助于學生理解基因突變在生物進化中所占有的重要地位。在基因重組部分，教材設置了“思考與討論“的欄目，旨在讓學生利用數(shù)學方法，通過計算，體會基因重組機制提供的極其多樣的基因組合方式，從而幫助學生理解基因重組是生物多樣性形成的主要原因。正文中則簡要闡述了基因重組的概念、類型和意義。本節(jié)內(nèi)容引導學生從分子水平上理解遺傳物質(zhì)如何引起生物變異的。
人教版高中生物必修2減數(shù)分裂和受精作用說課稿
一 減數(shù)分裂高一生物減數(shù)分裂說課稿各位評委、老師：大家好，我今天說課的題目是高中生物必修2第二章第一節(jié)〈〈減數(shù)分裂與受精作用〉〉第一部分減數(shù)分裂第一課時精子形成過程。接下來我就從以下幾個方面來說說這一節(jié)課。一、說教材1．教材地位和作用《減數(shù)分裂》這一部分內(nèi)容不僅是第二章的重點內(nèi)容，也是整本書的重點內(nèi)容之一。它以必修一學過的細胞學知識、染色體知識、有絲分裂知識和初中生殖種類知識為基礎。通過學習，使學生全面認識細胞分裂的種類、實質(zhì)和意義，為后面學習遺傳和變異，生物的進化奠定細胞學基礎。2．教學目標（1）知識目標：掌握減數(shù)分裂的概念和精子的形成過程；理解減數(shù)分裂和受精作用的意義。（2）能力目標：通過觀察減數(shù)分裂過程中染色體的行為變化，培養(yǎng)學生識圖、繪圖能力以及比較分析和歸納總結(jié)的能力。
人教版高中生物必修2孟德爾的豌豆雜交實驗說課稿
一、說教材1、教材的地位和作用《孟德爾的豌豆雜交實驗（一）》這一課題是高中生物必修2第一章第一節(jié)第一部分的內(nèi)容，是學生學習孟德爾的豌豆雜交實驗（二）的基礎，也是第二章《減數(shù)分裂與受精作用》這節(jié)知識的重要基礎，又并為后續(xù)學習生物變異與生物進化奠基，所以在教材中起到承上啟下的作用。因此從這個地位來看，這部分內(nèi)容不僅是本章的重點，更是整個必修2的重點內(nèi)容。本節(jié)的教學內(nèi)容是按照孟德爾的探索過程由現(xiàn)象到實質(zhì)，層層深入地展開的。教材首先介紹了孟德爾的雜交實驗方法和觀察到的實驗現(xiàn)象，接著介紹了孟德爾對實驗現(xiàn)象的分析，然后介紹了對分離現(xiàn)象解釋的驗證，最后歸納總結(jié)出分離定律。在教學內(nèi)容的組織上體現(xiàn)了學科內(nèi)在邏輯性與學生認識規(guī)律的統(tǒng)一。與原教材比較，有了新的突破主要表現(xiàn)在三方面：
人教版高中生物必修2雜交育種與誘變育種說課稿
二、誘變育種1、創(chuàng)設情境，引出課題 出示教具或圖片：一穗具有黃粒性狀的玉米。問題：怎樣利用現(xiàn)有的玉米品種培育出具有黑色性狀的玉米新品種呢？2、閱讀資料、討論研究 課前布置興趣小組同學搜集有關航天誘變育種的資料，并在此基礎上進行整理。這樣可以培養(yǎng)學生搜集并且整理資料的能力，并體會科學技術與人們生產(chǎn)生活的密切聯(lián)系。 學生閱讀生物興趣小組課前搜集的有關航天誘變育種問題的資料及教材P100得內(nèi)容。以小組為單位討論回答有關誘變育種的有關問題，附：設置的問題：1、 新品種中有沒有產(chǎn)生新基因？2、空中誘發(fā)基因突變的條件有哪些？3、航天誘變育種有哪些優(yōu)點？4、地面上有哪些因素可以誘發(fā)生物體產(chǎn)生基因突變？5、誘變育種有哪些局限性？如何克服？以航天誘變育種為典型，解決誘變育種過程中遇到的相關問題。讓學生學會對已有知識進行應用。3、歸納總結(jié)，形成體系 通過以小組為單位的表達和交流，師生共同總結(jié)歸納，形成有關誘變育種的知識體系，提升學生對于知識的理解。
人教版高中政治必修4唯物主義和唯心主義說課稿
五、說教學過程（重點說）1、課題引入：我設計以提問哲學到底是什么？的問題激發(fā)學生的閱讀興趣。我設計典型事例，通過學生討論，教師總結(jié)的形式，并得出其實哲學就在我們身邊。2、講授新課：（35分鐘）通過教材第一目的講解，讓學生明白，生活和學習中有許多蘊涵哲學道理的故事，表明哲學并不神秘總結(jié)并過渡：生活也離不開哲學，哲學可以是我正確看待自然、人生、和社會的發(fā)展，從而指導人們正確的認識和改造世界。整個過程將伴隨著多媒體影像資料和生生對話討論以提高學生的積極性。3、課堂反饋，知識遷移。最后對本科課進行小結(jié)，鞏固重點難點，將本課的哲學知識遷移到與生活相關的例子，實現(xiàn)對知識的升華以及學生的再次創(chuàng)新；可使學生更深刻地理解重點和難點，為下一框?qū)W習做好準備。