8. However, the more polite you are, the less likely it is you will be attacked. 然而, 你越有禮貌, 你被攻擊的可能性就越小。 Step 8 Writing---the articleHow to stay safe in the online chat roomToday I thought I’d blog about a question that has been asked many times--- how do you stay safe online and avoid bad experiences in the online chat room ? I’m not an expert, but many years as a blogger have taught me a thing or two.First of all, there’s the golden rule of the Internet: keep out of what makes you uneasy. Don’t post comments or click on anything. Second, protect your privacy. Don’t give out too much private information like your address, phone numbers, the ID numbers, etc. Third, be polite. If you are polite to others on the Internet, you won’t be attacked in normal situation. Finally, don’t believe in others easily and never meet someone you met online alone. It is very dangerous.Have you had any bad experiences online, or do you have some good advice for staying safe? Post your comments below!Step 9 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1. Does the writer tell the reader what he/she know about the topic ?2. Are the tips and suggestions well organised ?3. Has the writer defined the new words ?4. Does the author include examples, comparison, or explanations ?5. Does the writer end by asking readers to leave comments and/or suggestions ?6. Can you find any grammar or spelling mistakes.Step 6 HomeworkPut up your revised draft in the classroom or read it to your class.
This teaching period mainly deals with grammar: The past participle is used as attributive and objective complement.1. Guide students to review the basic usages of the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.2. Lead students to learn to use some special cases concerning the past participle used as attributive and objective complement flexibly.3. Strengthen students’ great interest in grammar learning.1. Help students to appreciate the function of the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.2. Instruct students to write essays using the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.Step1:溫故而知新。Analyze the underlined phrases and then sum up the common usages of the past participles.1.(教材P41)They had castles built(build) all around England, and made changes to the legal system.2.(教材P42)They use the same flag, known(know) as the Union Jack,...3.(教材P42)Judy and I had our car parked(park) in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square, where we could get our car battery charged(charge).Common points: f the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.Step 2:過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)的意義1.及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ),在語(yǔ)態(tài)上表示被動(dòng);在時(shí)間上,常表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成,有時(shí)也不表示時(shí)間性。Our teacher watched us doing the experiment and gave us a satisfied smile at last.我們的老師看著我們做實(shí)驗(yàn),最后給了我們一個(gè)滿意的微笑。The plan put forward at the meeting will be carried out soon.會(huì)上提出的計(jì)劃將很快被執(zhí)行。2.不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ),它不表示被動(dòng)意義,只強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作完成。Many little kids like gathering fallen leaves in the yard.
Step 5 While reading---Task 3Read the text again and answer the following questions.Q1: How many countries does the UK consist of ?4 Q2: What are the four countries of the United Kingdom?England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland Q3: Which two were the first to be joined together ?England and WalesQ4: What are the two chief advantages of studying the history of a country ?The first one is to help you understand more about the country and its traditions.The second one is to make visiting it more enjoyable.Q5: What’s the author’s attitude towards studying the history ?Supportive/positiveStep 6 Post reading---Retell the textThe United Kingdom, Great Britain, Britain, England—many people are confused by (1)_____ these different names mean. In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales (2) __________(join) to the Kingdom of England. In the 19 th century, the Kingdom of Ireland was added to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Finally, the southern part of Ireland (3) ______ (break) away from the UK, which resulted in the full name we have today. However, most people just use the (4)_________(shorten) name: the UK. The four countries (5)__________ belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas. There were four sets of invaders and the last group were the Normans. They had castles (6)_________(build) all around England and made changes (7)__________ the legal system. Studying the history of the country will make your visit much more (8)_________(enjoy). The capital city London is (9)___ ancient port city that has a history (10)______(date) back to Roman times. 1. what 2.was joined 3.broke 4.shortened 5.that 6. built 7.to 8.enjoyable 9.an 10.dating Step 6 Homework
4. When he got absorbed in his world of music, he felt as if he could “see” the beauty of the world around him, like he had in his previous life.P·P as adverbial: _________________________________________________________________.Function: _______________________________________________________________________.Step 5 Solid Complete the passage with the words in brackets in their correct forms.Well known as a successful band, the Impact members show quite a few striking qualities. They never ever give up. When _____________(question) by the media, they are not _____________(discourage) and practise even harder. They are improving themselves by attending several master training class. They are united. _____________(fill with) team spirit, they act as a whole, always aiming for glory. Step 6 Difference and similarity from -ingObserve the following examples.1. He went out, shutting the door behind him.=He went out, ________________________________________________________.2. Not knowing what to do, he went to his parents for help.=__________________________________________, he went to his parents for help.Similarity: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.Difference : _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.Step Practice1. ________ in a hurry, this article was not so good. 因?yàn)閷懙么颐? 這篇文章不是很好。2. ________ carefully, he found something he hadn’t known before. 他仔細(xì)讀書時(shí), 發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些從前不知道的東西。3. ________ why he did it, the monitor said it was his duty. 當(dāng)被問(wèn)及他為什么要這么做時(shí), 班長(zhǎng)說(shuō)這是他的職責(zé)
1. Get basic information about Eric; read deeply to understand the history and development of the virtual choir.2. Understand what the function of the virtual choir is and how to make a virtual choir.3. Understand the meaning of some languages in the context of the text through question guidance, such as “Many people do not have close friends or contacts who have the same interest in music.” and so on.Step 1 Leading-in1. Answer the following questions.Q1:Do you know the Apps like Tik Tok and Quick Hand?Q2: Do you want to make a Tik Tok video or a Quick Hand video?2. Play a Tik Tok video Step 2: Understanding the title Q1:What does the title mean ?Q2: Is the article a narration or exposition? Why? Q3: Can you change the title ? If you can, what is the title?Step 3: Scanning the whole text and getting the basic information1. Answer the following questions.Q1:Who came up with the idea for a virtual choir?Q2: Where did Eric studied the musical composition?Q3: What is his song?2. Find the main idea of each paragraph3. Deal with some new words.Step 4: Reading carefully to get detailed informationPara 1 How to make a virtual choir1. PreparationA. tools: a virtual camera; an Internet connectionB. hero/heroin: friends or some individuals who have the same interests2. Process
The Internet celebrity Gao Yifeng. Years ago, he owned 5 companies and the staffs over 1,000, but during the economy crisis, he became nothing but debt. He was so worried that his hair became white overnight. There was a time when he wanted to killed himself. But after listening to the song Start Over by Liu Huan, he decided to cheer himself up. He started a steamed bun shop and gradually became a national chain shops. Now he became successful again.Walter Haddon said, “Music is the medicine of a troubled mind.” Music contains such a pleasant and inspiring force. Music gave him courage and bravery. When he listened to the song, it made his spirit fly like a kite in the wind. Music gave him strength and brought him relief. It was the rock I leant on to become strong and to get through those hard times. I hope none of us have to go through the same kind of suffering that he did. At the same time, we all go through various periods when we feel sad or alone. During those times, music can help us in the same way that it helped him. I hope we all will somehow begin to treasure music and make it a part of our life. Thank you for your listening !5.Revise your writing each other.Does he/she explain how music has changed his/her/someone else’s life?Are some of the rhetorical devices included and used properly ?Does he/she talk about how music makes him/her/someone feel?Is the first word in each sentences capitalised?Does he/she use correct punctuation ?
This lesson aims at making a poster about protecting wildlife after reading some posters. During reading students are guided to understand the content and try to summarize the posters with one sentence. Then students are guided to try to make a poster about protecting wildlife.1. Read the two posters and try to understand the summary sentences.2. Look at the two posters and try to understand what emotions they express.3. Try to summarize the features of posters4. Try to make a poster about wildlife.1. Look at the two posters and try to understand what emotions they express.2. Try to summarize the features of posters3. Try to make a poster about wildlife.Step 1 Lead inLook at the the posters on the textbook and ask:Which emotions do the posters communicate ?Step 2 Read the poster and answer the questions.1. What do you think of the animals in the poster on the left ?I think it is frightening and ugly.2. Why do we should protect the ugly animals ?All species--the good, the bad, and the ugly-- should be treated equally.The world needs all kinds--without variety, our planet cannot survive.3. Why are billions of trees being cut down every year ?To make paper for humans.4. What result will be lead to after the trees are cut down ?A lost of animal homes are being destroyed./The habitat of wildlife is being destroyed.Step 3 Find the feature of posters1. What does each poster use to stir up emotions ?On the left, it makes us a little frightened and it looks a little ugly, but it can activate our curiosity--What is it? And What is wrong with it?On the right, it makes us feel a little sad and want to protect them.
The theme of this unit is human and nature, focusing on the theme of wildlife protection. Nature is a complex ecosystem, in which there are delicate balance between animals and plants. Because of the role of the food chain, the extinction of one species will produce influence, causing a series of chain reaction. Large scale extinction of species will have a serious and even irreversible impact on the ecosystem, resulting in immeasurable losses. Therefore, it is of great significance to protect wild species. To protect wild species is to protect human beings themselves. The motto of this unit is "when the buying stops, the killing can too,” which is a public service advertising slogan to protect wildlife. It tells people that every rhinoceros horn, every fur, every bowl of shark fin soup, every Ivory product, and every tiger bone product, etc. consumed by human beings, are innocent wild animals slaughtered behind them. The mission of wild aid is to ban illegal trade in endangered wildlife and mitigate climate change. It aims to educate the public to reduce the consumption demand for endangered wildlife products through public publicity and improve the awareness of environmental protection.1. Improve the awareness of wildlife protection by acquiring the knowledge of wildlife protection.2. Focus on environmental protection and protection of all lives.3. Analysis of the living environment of wild animals with appropriate thinking mode.4. Skillfully use the vocabulary and grammar knowledge of this unit to cultivate self-study ability according to the unit content5. Develop cooperative learning ability through discussion and other ways1. Enable the Ss to talk about the current situation of wild animals.2. Guide the Ss to summarize the main idea of each paragraph as well as the main idea of the text.
This teaching period mainly deals with grammar “The Present Perfect Passive Voice.” To begin with, teachers should lead students to revise what they have learned about the Present Perfect Passive Voice. And then, teachers move on to stress more special cases concerning this grammar。This period carries considerable significance to the cultivation of students’ writing competence and lays a solid foundation for the basic appreciation of language beauty. The teacher is expected to enable students to master this period thoroughly and consolidate the knowledge by doing some exercises. 1. Guide students to review the basic usages of the Present Perfect Passive Voice2. Lead students to learn to use some special cases concerning the Present Perfect Passive Voice flexibly.2. Enable students to use the basic phrases structures flexibly.3. Strengthen students’ great interest in grammar learning.1. Help students to appreciate the function of the Present Perfect Passive Voice in a sentence2. Instruct students to write essays using the proper the Present Perfect Passive Voice.觀察下列句子特點(diǎn),總結(jié)共同點(diǎn)。1.(教材P28)Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web.2.(教材P28)But the Internet has done much more for people than simply make life more convenient.3.(教材P28)Many people have been helped by the club.4.(教材P28)She no longer feels lonely, and her company has become quite successful.5.(教材P32)Today I thought I’d blog about a question that has been asked many times—how do you stay safe online and avoid bad experiences on the Internet?
Q5:What's Jan's next goal?Her next goal is to start a charity website to raise money for children in poor countries.Q6:What can we learn from her experiences?We learn that when we go through tough times, we can find help and support from other people online. We learn that we can feel less lonelyStep 5: While reading---rethinkingQ1: What is Jan’s attitude to the Internet ?Thankful/Grateful, because it has changed her and her life.Q2: What writing skills is used in the article ?Examples(Jan’s example, the 59-year-old man’s and the 61-year-old woman’s example)Q3: Can you get the main idea of the article ?The Internet has changed Jan’s life/Jan’s life has been changed by the Internet.Step 6 Post reading---Retell the storyMuch has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web. There are countless articles (1)telling(tell) us how the Internet has made our lives more convenient. But the Internet has done a lot (2)more(much) for people than simply make life more convenient. People’s lives (3) have been changed(change) by online communities and social networks so far. Take Jan for example, who developed a serious illness that made her (4)stuck(stick) at home with only her computer to keep (5)her(she) company. She joined an online group (6)where she could share problems, support and advice with others. She considered the ability to remove the distance between people as one of the greatest (7)benefits(benefit). She was so inspired (8)that she started an IT club in which many people have been helped. She has started to learn more about how to use the Internet to make society better. Her next goal is to start a charity website to raise money (9)for children in poor countries. Jan’s life has been (10)greatly(great) improved by the Internet.
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “Take part in a youth project”. The listening text is an interview about "sharing views on historical sites". Through listening to a dialogue between Chinese and foreign students on the way to the Confucius Temple, students can understand their views on the Confucius Temple, Confucius, Confucius' descendants and Confucius' educational thoughts, so as to realize and think about the profound influence of Confucius and his thoughts on Chinese historical tradition. At the same time, the dialogue naturally integrates English idioms and mentions Shakespeare, the British playwright, so as to provide language materials and context for students to understand English idioms and related cultural allusions, as well as to compare Chinese and foreign cultures, which is helpful for students to understand and express the language such as history, tradition, culture and custom significant impact.Text analysis: listening text is a dialogue between a British student and a Chinese student when he goes to the Confucius Temple. When William, a British student, visited the Confucius Temple, he asked Xiao Kong, a Chinese student, for directions. Xiao Kong was just going to the Confucius Temple to meet with the members of the research group, so they went together and exchanged their views on the Confucius Temple, Confucius, Confucius' descendants and Confucius' educational thoughts. From the perspective of foreign tourists, this paper describes their thoughts on Confucius, the great son of Confucius, who had a profound impact on Chinese history and cultural tradition, and his education.Listening and Talking introduces a visit to a historic tourist destination. Tourism is a common way to understand a country's history, culture, and customs and so on. Students listen to the dialogue between Xiao Yan, a youth hostel Usher, and Paul, a backpacker, to learn about Pingyao's famous historical and cultural attractions and Paul's travel experience and experience as a foreign tourist.
(三)、中華之瑰寶.民族之驕傲1.我國(guó)各具特色的民族文化異彩紛呈.都為中華文化的形成和發(fā)展做出了重要貢獻(xiàn)(1)我國(guó)的雕刎建筑藝術(shù)是各族人民共同創(chuàng)造的,都是中華文化的瑰寶。例如:敦煌石窟、云岡石窟;克孜爾千佛洞等,是古代的漢族、鮮卑以及西域各族的藝術(shù)家和勞動(dòng)人民共同創(chuàng)造的。(2)許多少數(shù)民族用自己的語(yǔ)言文字創(chuàng)造了優(yōu)秀的民族文學(xué)。例如:藏族的《格薩爾王傳》、蒙古族的《江格爾》和柯爾克孜族的《瑪納斯》被并為三大英雄史詩(shī)?!笞⒁猓好褡逦幕钌畹伢w現(xiàn)著各民族的風(fēng)俗和精神面貌,通過(guò)一定的物質(zhì)展現(xiàn),可以表現(xiàn)在建筑、民族文學(xué)、舞蹈、習(xí)俗、信仰、衣著等方方面面?!簏c(diǎn)撥:“相關(guān)鏈接”中提到的《江格爾)是蒙古族衛(wèi)拉特郝英雄史詩(shī)。史詩(shī)的篇幸結(jié)構(gòu)、故事情節(jié)、語(yǔ)言風(fēng)格等具有蒙古族說(shuō)唱藝術(shù)的特點(diǎn)。從民族文學(xué)角度反映了本民族的文化生活.同時(shí)也為中華文化增添了絢麗色彩。◇課堂探究:(1)你還知道哪蝗少數(shù)民族舞蹈?它們務(wù)有什么特點(diǎn)?
a矛盾的同一性是矛盾雙方相互吸引、相互聯(lián)結(jié)的屬性和趨勢(shì)。它有兩方面的含義:一是矛盾雙方相互依賴,一方的存在以另一方的存在為前提,雙方共處于一個(gè)統(tǒng)一體中;同一事物都有對(duì)立面和統(tǒng)一面兩個(gè)方面,一方的存在以另一方為條件,彼此誰(shuí)都離不開誰(shuí)(形影想隨、一個(gè)巴掌拍不響、不是冤家不聚頭)?!九e例】P67漫畫:他敢剪嗎?懸掛在山崖上的兩個(gè)人構(gòu)成一種動(dòng)態(tài)的平衡?!九e例】磁鐵(S極和N極);沒有上就沒有下、沒有香就沒有臭、沒有福就無(wú)所謂禍;【舉例】父子關(guān)系(父親之所以是父親,因?yàn)橛袃鹤?,兒子之所以是兒子,因?yàn)橛懈赣H);師生關(guān)系;二是矛盾雙方相互貫通,即相互滲透、相互包含,在一定條件下可以相互轉(zhuǎn)化。 【相關(guān)銜接】P68生物變性現(xiàn)象,雌雄轉(zhuǎn)化現(xiàn)象【舉例】生產(chǎn)與消費(fèi)具有直接統(tǒng)一性
1973年4月的一天,一名男子站在紐約的街頭,掏出一個(gè)約有兩塊磚頭大的無(wú)線電話,并開始通話。這個(gè)人就是手機(jī)的發(fā)明者馬丁,當(dāng)時(shí)他是摩托羅拉公司的工程技術(shù)人員。這是當(dāng)時(shí)世界上第一部移動(dòng)電話。1985年,第一臺(tái)現(xiàn)代意義上的可以商用的移動(dòng)電話誕生。它是將電源和天線放置在一個(gè)盒子里,重量達(dá)3公斤。與現(xiàn)代形狀接近的手機(jī)誕生于1987年,其重量大約750克,與今天僅重60克的手機(jī)相比,像一塊大磚頭。此后,手機(jī)的“瘦身”越來(lái)越迅速。1991年,手機(jī)重量為250克左右。1996年秋,r出現(xiàn)了體積為100立方厘米、重量100克的手機(jī)。此后,又進(jìn)一步小型化,輕型化,到1999年就輕到了60克以下。手機(jī)的體積越來(lái)越小,但功能卻越來(lái)越多。以前的手機(jī)是用來(lái)通話的,現(xiàn)在的手機(jī)是用來(lái)享受的。今天,手機(jī)可以是相機(jī)、游戲機(jī)、音樂播放器、信用卡、電影院……手機(jī)帶來(lái)的不僅僅是通信方式的改變,更是生活方式的變革。
思考提示在階級(jí)社會(huì)中,社會(huì)基本矛盾的解決主要是通過(guò)階級(jí)斗爭(zhēng)實(shí)現(xiàn)的,階級(jí)斗爭(zhēng)是推動(dòng)階級(jí)社會(huì)發(fā)展的直接動(dòng)力,當(dāng)舊的生產(chǎn)關(guān)系嚴(yán)重阻礙生產(chǎn)力發(fā)展,需要進(jìn)行變革時(shí),代表舊的生產(chǎn)關(guān)系的沒落階級(jí)卻不會(huì)自動(dòng)退出歷史舞臺(tái),利用舊的上層建筑維護(hù)自己的統(tǒng)治,只有代表新生產(chǎn)力發(fā)展方向的階級(jí)通過(guò)社會(huì)革命,推翻沒落的階級(jí)統(tǒng)治,才能解放生產(chǎn)力,推動(dòng)社會(huì)向前發(fā)展。所以,階級(jí)社會(huì)的進(jìn)步往往是通過(guò)激烈的社會(huì)革命實(shí)現(xiàn)的。但是,社會(huì)主義社會(huì)與階級(jí)社會(huì)不同,這是因?yàn)?,社?huì)主義社會(huì)中,生產(chǎn)力和生產(chǎn)關(guān)系、經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)和上層建筑之間的矛盾是一種非對(duì)抗性矛盾,不需要通過(guò)一個(gè)階級(jí)推翻另一個(gè)階級(jí)的階級(jí)斗爭(zhēng)的方式來(lái)解決,只能通過(guò)改革實(shí)現(xiàn)社會(huì)的發(fā)展,通過(guò)對(duì)生產(chǎn)關(guān)系和上層建筑進(jìn)行改革,實(shí)現(xiàn)社會(huì)主義的自我完善,從而促進(jìn)社會(huì)的發(fā)展。所以,我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革是在堅(jiān)持社會(huì)主義制度的前提下,改革生產(chǎn)關(guān)系和上層建筑中不適應(yīng)生產(chǎn)力發(fā)展的一系列相互聯(lián)系的環(huán)節(jié)和方面。
2、理解目標(biāo)(1)發(fā)展的普遍性;(2)事物發(fā)展的道路和方向;事物發(fā)展的形式;3、運(yùn)用目標(biāo)(1)根據(jù)所學(xué)知識(shí),結(jié)合相關(guān)原理,分析說(shuō)明自然界、人類社會(huì)是無(wú)限發(fā)展的。了解唯物辯證法是關(guān)于世界普遍聯(lián)系的科學(xué),又是關(guān)于世界永恒發(fā)展的科學(xué)。(2)根據(jù)有關(guān)原理,理解事物發(fā)展的前途是光明的,道路是曲折的,說(shuō)明新事物必然戰(zhàn)勝舊事物是宇宙間不可抗拒的規(guī)律。(3)結(jié)合古人有關(guān)的名言警句,組織學(xué)生討論生活和學(xué)習(xí)中的具體問(wèn)題,分析量變和質(zhì)變的辨證統(tǒng)一關(guān)系對(duì)于生活和實(shí)踐的意義。二、能力目標(biāo)1、通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí),培養(yǎng)學(xué)生正確認(rèn)識(shí)事物發(fā)展的方向、發(fā)展的道路和發(fā)展的形式,用發(fā)展的眼光看問(wèn)題、分析問(wèn)題的能力。2、使學(xué)生初步具有運(yùn)用科學(xué)發(fā)展觀觀察、分析和處理自然和社會(huì)現(xiàn)象的能力。3、使學(xué)生初步形成正確對(duì)待生活中的失敗與成功、困難挫折與理想目標(biāo)之間關(guān)系的能力。
探究活動(dòng)8(教材第72頁(yè)):“結(jié)合生活事例,談?wù)勀阍诿鎸?duì)復(fù)雜事物時(shí)是如何分析和解決矛盾的?”這一探究活動(dòng)是在學(xué)生還不了解主次矛盾的原理時(shí),讓他們回憶自己在生活中有沒有遇到過(guò)面對(duì)許多矛盾時(shí)是如何解決的經(jīng)歷。比如,每天面對(duì)很多作業(yè),先做哪門課作業(yè)后做哪門作業(yè),你是如何考慮的?在學(xué)校面對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)、體育運(yùn)動(dòng)和社會(huì)工作,你是怎么安排的?在生活中,你遇到這樣的情況都是怎樣解決的?通過(guò)探究活動(dòng),使學(xué)生弄清主次矛盾的原理,學(xué)會(huì)用矛盾分析法分析問(wèn)題。探究活動(dòng)9(教材第73頁(yè)):“你在生活中是如何分析具體問(wèn)題的?”這一探究活動(dòng),強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“你”在生活中是如何運(yùn)用分析法分析具體問(wèn)題的,要緊緊圍繞學(xué)生這一中心,首先強(qiáng)調(diào)具體問(wèn)題具體分析的方法非常重要,這是馬克思主義的一個(gè)原則,是馬克思主義的活的靈魂。引導(dǎo)學(xué)生主動(dòng)運(yùn)用這種分析方法分析看待自己,分析看待社會(huì)??梢越M織學(xué)生進(jìn)行討論、交流,還可以讓學(xué)生撰寫小論文,寫出自己運(yùn)用這種分析方法分析了哪些具體問(wèn)題,有哪些感受。
2.能力目標(biāo)(1)通過(guò)本課的學(xué)習(xí),要求著重培養(yǎng)學(xué)生全面地、聯(lián)系地看問(wèn)題和分析問(wèn)題的能力;培養(yǎng)學(xué)生綜合運(yùn)用知識(shí)的能力,以及運(yùn)用所學(xué)知識(shí)分析、處理和解決實(shí)際問(wèn)題的能力。(2)使學(xué)生初步具有從錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜的聯(lián)系中認(rèn)識(shí)和發(fā)現(xiàn)事物本質(zhì)的、固有的、內(nèi)在的聯(lián)系的能力,初步學(xué)會(huì)用全面的、聯(lián)系的觀點(diǎn)看問(wèn)題的能力。(3)使學(xué)生初步具有堅(jiān)持和把握整體與部分辯證關(guān)系的能力,初步具有運(yùn)用系統(tǒng)優(yōu)化的方法安排自己學(xué)習(xí)和生活的能力。在處理問(wèn)題時(shí),既要看到整體與部分之間的聯(lián)系又要看到它們的區(qū)別,掌握系統(tǒng)優(yōu)化的方法,學(xué)會(huì)運(yùn)用綜合性的思維方式認(rèn)識(shí)事物和處理生活、學(xué)習(xí)和工作中的問(wèn)題。3.情感、態(tài)度和價(jià)值觀目標(biāo)(1)樹立唯物辯證法的聯(lián)系觀,自覺抵制形而上學(xué)的靜止觀。堅(jiān)持用聯(lián)系的觀點(diǎn)看問(wèn)題,自覺維護(hù)人類生存的環(huán)境,確信一切以時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和條件為轉(zhuǎn)移,是我們正確認(rèn)識(shí)和把握事物、在認(rèn)識(shí)世界和改造世界的活動(dòng)中不斷取得成功的關(guān)鍵。
此探究活動(dòng)的目的是為了說(shuō)明馬克思主義哲學(xué)是科學(xué)完整的體系。在探究活動(dòng)時(shí)可以首先向?qū)W生簡(jiǎn)單介紹西方哲學(xué)的發(fā)展歷史,使學(xué)生對(duì)馬克思主義哲學(xué)在整個(gè)西方哲學(xué)中的位置和地位有個(gè)大致了解。離開了這個(gè)大的背景,學(xué)生對(duì)馬克思主義哲學(xué)就容易摸不著頭緒。馬克思主義哲學(xué)之前的唯物主義的局限性表現(xiàn)在:古代樸素的帶有辯證法性質(zhì)的唯物主義主要是追問(wèn)世界的本原問(wèn)題,這時(shí)的哲學(xué)缺乏近代科學(xué)作為基礎(chǔ),因此它更多的是一種猜測(cè)。它雖然看到了世界的聯(lián)系和變化,但它還無(wú)法理解聯(lián)系和變化背后的基礎(chǔ)和原因。近代形而上學(xué)的唯物主義主要是追問(wèn)人的認(rèn)識(shí)問(wèn)題,即人的認(rèn)識(shí)的來(lái)源是什么,是什么保證人的認(rèn)識(shí)的可靠性。但它對(duì)人的認(rèn)識(shí)問(wèn)題的解決主要是立足于對(duì)世界的一種直觀觀察,認(rèn)為人的認(rèn)識(shí)來(lái)源于對(duì)世界的直觀的、機(jī)械的反映。它不理解人的實(shí)踐活動(dòng),不理解人是在改造世界的過(guò)程中認(rèn)識(shí)世界,人的認(rèn)識(shí)是在實(shí)踐基礎(chǔ)上的能動(dòng)反映。