5.發(fā)揮想象。兩段文字都運用了想象的手法。“閉了眼,樹上仿佛已經(jīng)滿是桃兒、杏兒、梨兒”“看著看著,這件花衣好像被風(fēng)兒吹動,叫你希望看見一點更美的山的肌膚”“那點兒薄雪好像忽然害了羞”,這些想象,既突出了景物的特點,又融入了作者的情感,可謂是一舉兩得。6.講究描寫的順序。兩段文字都采用空間順序展開描寫,景物的層次清晰。要注意觀察的順序,是由近及遠(yuǎn),還是由遠(yuǎn)及近?是由上到下,還是由下到上?這是指空間的變換。還可以以時間的變化或游覽的先后為順序。這樣,所描寫的景物才不會雜亂無章。7.寫景還要融入情感?!耙磺芯罢Z皆情語”。寫景貴有情,在描繪客觀景物的同時,要把自己的喜怒哀樂等思想感情融注到作品中去,使讀者產(chǎn)生共鳴,進而給讀者帶來愉悅之情、陶醉之情,將讀者帶入特定的情景之中,受到美的熏陶,獲得美的享受。如《從百草園到三味書屋》中“夏天百草園”一段“油蛉在這里低唱,蟋蟀們在這里彈琴”,在作者小時候聽來,油蛉、蟋蟀的叫聲猶如人在悠揚的琴聲伴奏下婉轉(zhuǎn)地低唱,其間傳遞著作者愉快、喜悅的心聲,表達作者對大自然的喜愛和向往之情。目標(biāo)導(dǎo)學(xué)三:實戰(zhàn)演練描寫你家鄉(xiāng)一處有特色的景物,包括自然景物和社會景物,要求描寫細(xì)致、生動,表達你對家鄉(xiāng)的熱愛之情。例文展示:
第一部分(第1~4段),提出關(guān)于6500萬年前恐龍滅絕的問題,目前存在的兩種對立的理論,即“撞擊說”和“火山說”。第2和第3自然段先后舉了兩個例子提出了關(guān)于“撞擊說”和“火山說”這兩種觀點。第二部分(第5段至全文完),通過對“被壓扁的沙子”的反思,證明外星撞擊導(dǎo)致恐龍滅絕,支持“撞擊說”。這部分又分四層。第一層(第5、6段),說明關(guān)于恐龍滅絕的原因不僅僅是一個學(xué)術(shù)問題,我們以后也許還會遇到這種情況,因此,科學(xué)家們一直都在努力尋找證據(jù)來驗證這兩種理論。第二層(第7~10段),說明1961年一位蘇聯(lián)科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)了“斯石英”,并且介紹了它的性質(zhì),為下文佐證“撞擊說”奠定了基礎(chǔ)。第三層(第11~13段),說明斯石英不僅可以在實驗室制造,而且它在自然界中是可以存在的,不過它們只出現(xiàn)在沙子被強烈擠壓的地方。由此推斷撞擊是可以產(chǎn)生斯石英的。事實也證明,火山噴發(fā)是不會產(chǎn)生斯石英的,從而進一步佐證了“撞擊說”。
【目標(biāo)導(dǎo)航】1.主動學(xué)習(xí)欣賞、演唱古詩詞,在反復(fù)吟誦中進一步體會中華詩詞文化的燦爛輝煌;2.漫步古詩苑,領(lǐng)略多姿多彩的創(chuàng)作風(fēng)格,了解明星璀璨的大家名人,瀏覽醒世鑒人的名篇佳句,體會博大精深的思想內(nèi)容,感知美妙絕倫的藝術(shù)特色;3.激勵參與意識和創(chuàng)新精神,能借助詩歌抒發(fā)真情實感,濡染心靈,陶冶性情,培養(yǎng)文學(xué)純正趣味,提高參與者的文學(xué)綜合素養(yǎng)?!菊n時安排】1課時自由組成小組,搜集相關(guān)資料,通過多種手段如多媒體,學(xué)生繪畫,音樂等課程資源,為學(xué)生創(chuàng)設(shè)優(yōu)美的教學(xué)情境。【新課導(dǎo)入】中國是一個詩的國度,中華詩詞是民族文化的寶典,是一朵瑰麗的文學(xué)奇葩。今天,讓我們就漫步在這個色彩繽紛的世界,在鳥語花香中,品味古人的閑情逸致,在詩情畫意中,學(xué)習(xí)他們的曠達胸襟。
當(dāng)汽車行駛在鄉(xiāng)間小道時,作家馮驥才再也沒有了寫作的沖動。往日白磚青瓦的農(nóng)舍冒出了西洋式的尖頂和閃著異光的馬賽克,炊煙裊裊,小橋流水成了埋藏在心底的夢。馮先生開始四處奔波,大聲疾呼:救救我們的文化遺產(chǎn)!中國文化博大而寬廣。她無處不在——融于書本,徜徉于江南小道,盤旋在峭壁飛檐……我們被這種濃厚的文化信息包圍著,卻道貌岸然地做著劊子手。忘記歷史就是背叛。我們的文化遺產(chǎn)是歷史的見證。秦始皇的兵馬俑至今氣宇軒昂地挺立著,隋朝大運河的波瀾依舊拍打著千年的岸堤……孟江女的哭聲凄婉悲慟,纖夫的號子似乎仍在耳邊縈繞。沉淀了千年的沉浮、繁華、屈辱、悲憤,這些文化遺產(chǎn)燙帖了坎坷的心靈,將肅穆呈于世人。刀光劍影去了,長歌悲哭停止了,豪情廝殺消逝了……一切隨著大江東去,只有千年松柏和著輕風(fēng)耳語。
2004年的雅典奧運會上,孔令輝獲得冠軍時忘情地親吻胸前的國徽時,王軍霞奪得金牌后激動的身披國旗繞運動場奔跑時,我們的淚水也會與領(lǐng)獎臺上以手撫著胸前國徽高唱國歌的運動員的熱淚一起落下。為了看體育比賽,我們甚至不惜守候到半夜而無怨無悔。在半夜看比賽時,我總在想:是什么讓我們“為伊消得人憔悴”,為什么“總有一種力量讓人淚流滿面”?,F(xiàn)在我有了答案:那是一種奧林匹克精神在激勵著我們,在提升著我們。奧林匹克精神的內(nèi)涵是豐富的。國際奧委會主席羅格在其就任宣言中指出:“奧林匹克的格言是更快、更高、更強。在新世紀(jì)來臨的時候,或許對體育來講需要新的格言,那就是更干凈、更人性、更團結(jié)。” 奧林匹克精神讓我們振奮,今天我們就來學(xué)習(xí)這篇課文《慶祝奧林匹克運動復(fù)興25周年》。
【深入研讀,探究方法】1.語言優(yōu)美,通俗易懂,妙筆生花。文章中運用“靜穆”“晶瑩”“熠熠爍爍”這些優(yōu)美鮮活的詞語,生動形象地描繪了各拉丹冬的千姿百態(tài),壯觀奇景,使文章更加的靈動,給人以無限美感。作者以自己的游覽經(jīng)歷講述,語言平實,淺顯易懂。2.主題鮮明,意味深長。文章主要講述作者的一次雪域高原之游,描寫了各拉丹冬美麗壯觀的景色和作者攀登的經(jīng)歷,給我們以啟示:做任何事情要不放棄,不半途而廢,勇往直前就能達到自己想要的目標(biāo)。3.善用比喻,生動形象。文中處處可見比喻的修辭手法,“陽光……巨人” “像長發(fā)披肩”都運用了比喻的修辭手法,使各拉丹冬的景色更生動具體,富有感染力,給人以深刻的印象,引發(fā)讀者的聯(lián)想和想象。
【新課導(dǎo)入】抬頭仰望天空,你會發(fā)現(xiàn)曾經(jīng)湛藍的天不再那么明凈;低頭俯視大地,你會發(fā)現(xiàn)曾經(jīng)清澈見底的河流不再那么透明;靜靜聆聽,回響在我們耳邊的不再是婉轉(zhuǎn)動聽的鳥叫蟲鳴,而是轟隆隆的機器運作;放眼望去,呈現(xiàn)在我們眼前的不再是郁郁蔥蔥的森林綠地,而是灰暗單調(diào)的高樓和冰冷的水泥路面……隨著工業(yè)化的進程,我們的生活已被污染包圍,倡導(dǎo)低碳生活,刻不容緩?!局攸c解讀】認(rèn)識低碳生活、宣傳低碳生活、爭做低碳達人。1. 認(rèn)識低碳生活低碳,英文為low carbon,意指較低的溫室氣體(二氧化碳為主)排放。低碳生活,就是指生活作息時所耗用的能量要盡力減少,從而降低碳,特別是二氧化碳的排放量,進而減少對大氣的污染,減緩生態(tài)惡化,要求從節(jié)水、節(jié)電、節(jié)氣和回收四個環(huán)節(jié)來改變生活細(xì)節(jié)。
4、主旨 哪一聯(lián)明確地點明全詩題旨?表達了作者的什么感情?試做分析 頸聯(lián)。 菊花開在秋天,所以這 “ 叢菊 ” 回應(yīng)了詩題中那個 “ 秋 ” 字。 “ 他日 ” 可以指過去也可以指未來,在這里是指過去?!皡簿諆砷_”,指詩人于 765 年離開成都,原打算很快出峽,但這年留居云安,次年又留居夔州,見到叢菊開了兩次,還未出峽,故對菊掉淚。秋菊兩度盛開,使詩人再次灑下往日流過的眼淚?!伴_”字雙關(guān),一謂菊花開,又言淚眼隨之開。此時他仍然滯留在他鄉(xiāng),他始終沒有放棄回鄉(xiāng)的打算。孤舟可以系住,使其不能泛諸中流,但詩人的心是系不住的。他的心早已越過江河,越過關(guān)山,飛到了長安。所以,一葉靠岸系繩的孤舟,始終都牽動著詩人的故園之思。這一聯(lián)是全篇詩意所在。孤舟本來只能系住自己的行蹤,卻把詩人的思鄉(xiāng)之心也牢牢地系住了,故見舟傷心,引出故園之思,表現(xiàn)出思鄉(xiāng)之情的深沉濃烈和欲歸不得的無奈與凄傷,為文章的主旨句。
師:“兩開”是什么意思???注解里是怎么說的?第二次開,也就說他在這個地方已經(jīng)待了兩年了,這里是他回家的路途中,是不是?路途中他停留了兩年時間。好的,你先請坐。你覺得殘菊不能兩開,在理解上好像存在一些誤差。趙勇:因為菊花古往今來代表著對家鄉(xiāng)的思念。師:菊花代表對家鄉(xiāng)的思念?(下面學(xué)生齊笑)這種說法牽強了些,菊花在古代象征著高潔,梅蘭竹菊是四君子嘛。趙勇:寫這首詩時,他已經(jīng)打算回故鄉(xiāng)了,所以不應(yīng)該寫“殘菊”,寫“殘菊”的話……師:事實上,他回不了故鄉(xiāng)。好的,請坐。再想想,“殘菊”意味著什么?破敗。“叢菊”呢?茂盛。那這里說“兩開他日淚”,“兩開”是什么意思?開了兩了次了,這說明他在這里已經(jīng)待了兩年了。那“他日淚”又是什么意思?趙勇:應(yīng)該是他看到這里的菊花開得這么茂盛,就想到了故鄉(xiāng)的菊花也是開的茂盛的時候。如果是“殘菊”的話,那故鄉(xiāng)的菊也會開得很殘敗。(下面學(xué)生齊笑)
Step 3 (3b)First, tell the students when we talk about our future plans, we often use: I’m+verb+ing When we talk about what we must do, we use have to. Ask the students to fill in the blanks in 3b. The answers are: shopping, go to see, a test, I’m going, my family. Step 4 (3c)Let the students write an e-mail message to a friend. Say why you can’t visit next. Before the exercise, ask the students to give some possible answers and write them on the blackboard. So the students will feel easy to finish the writing exercise. After they finish it, Let them to correct it in groups first. Each group chooses theirs best one to read in front of the whole class. Step 5 ( planning a party )First read the conversation in the box together. Then ask the students to turn to page 88.Write down everything you have to do next week. Write in all the things you have to do . Ask the students to look at the list. Ask them “What day are you free?” This is when you can have your party. Step 6 (Self check 1 )Let the students to fill in the blanks with the words given. Change the forms of the words if possible. Then make their own sentences. The answers are: visit, playing, have to, study, comeStep 7 (Self check 2)Imagine you are Marie. Read the information and look at your schedule. Write replies to the invitation.
1. First, ... then, ... next, ... finally, ...首先,……然后,……接著,……最后,……這是英語中表達做某事的步驟的一種說法。如果步驟較多,還可以說:first-next-after that-later on-finally/at last通常你會聽到說英語國家的人在說 first, next, then, finally 和后面的內(nèi)容時,他們會做一些停頓。這樣就能提前告訴聽者接下來講的是一系列的步驟。這一點在朗讀和聽力中應(yīng)特別注意。2. how many, how much均為疑問詞,同是“多少”,但用法不同。請看:how many修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),how much修飾不可數(shù)名詞。但在用法上,同學(xué)們常犯如下錯誤:1) [誤] How many are there bananas on the table?[正] How many bananas are there on the table?[析] how many, how much 中的many,much是形容詞,常修飾名詞作定語,故后面跟名詞。2) [誤]How much tea are there on the table?[正]How much tea is there on the table?[析] how much修飾不可數(shù)名詞時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。how many與how much的區(qū)別可簡記為:前how many:問“多少”,復(fù)數(shù)名詞后面跑;how much問“多少”,不可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)好。前者答語用基數(shù)詞,后者答語用數(shù)量關(guān)系。
“Go for it!” is based on “Task-Based Language Teaching”. It adheres to “The authenticity principle”, “The form-function principle”, “The task dependency principle” and “The principle of learning by doing”. These principles all accord with the demands of curriculum focus.In and of Grade Seven (II), “Go for it!”, students have learned “The Simple Past Tense”. And it appears again in of Grade Eight (I). teaches students more about how to talk about events in the past. In addition, it gives affirmative and negative statements in the past tense, such as the sentence patterns “Did you see …?” “Were there …?” “Did you go …?” As the first part of Unit 8, Section A opens with a picture presenting the last school trip in the aquarium and continues with several step-by-step practice activities, which are all good for students to master “The Simple Past Tense”. Doing well in Section A will help students integrate the new target language with that in Section B. Thus, they can describe the events in the past freely and foster their own ability of reflecting and practicing. II. Teaching ObjectivesTeaching objective is the beginning and aim of teaching activities. According to the overall goal of the English elementary course--- improve students' synthetic ability of language application, which should be based on the development of students’ “Language knowledge”, “Language skills”, “Character building”, “Learning strategies” and “Cross-cultural awareness”. The teaching objectives are described as follows(I). Knowledge objectivesi. Master the simple past tense of regular and irregular verbsii. Recite the new words and expressions about the last school trip in the aquarium, including their pronunciation and intonation
一、 教學(xué)內(nèi)容Section A 1a----1c二、 教學(xué)目標(biāo)1.學(xué)習(xí)詞匯do the dishes, make the bed, take out the trash, fold the clothes, do the laundry, sweep the floor, clean the living room.2.句型 Could you please clean your room? Yes, sure.三、 教學(xué)準(zhǔn)備 學(xué)生預(yù)習(xí)本單元所有的詞匯多媒體課件 活動表 獎品四、 教學(xué)過程Pre-task1. Warming upEnjoy ourselves. Watch cartoon Cinderella. 看動畫片段《灰姑娘》導(dǎo)如入本課話題和新詞匯“chores”美麗善良的鬼姑娘因繼母的嫉妒,每天得做所有的家務(wù)。片段的主題使學(xué)生聯(lián)想到本課的話題。2. learn new words and phrasesLook! What is she / he dong? 看圖學(xué)習(xí)動詞詞組do chores, do the dishes, make the bed, take out the trash, fold the clothes, do the laundry, clean the living room.3. Guessing game.What is she doing ? 4. Pair work. 1a, Do you do these things at home? Write “Y” for “yes” and “N” for “no”.5. Listening . 1b , Peter’s chores or Mom’s chores?理解目標(biāo)語Could you please clean your room? Yes, sure.Write “M” for Mom’s chores, “P” for Peter’s chores in the chart.6. PairworkLook at the picture,Ask your partner to do the chores that you see. 7. Interview Who is the most able at home? 1) What chores do you do at home? How often do you do the chores? Work in four, interview each of the students in the group, fill in the chart.
Step Ⅶ Role play ( Work on 1b)1. First ask two students to read the dialogue to the class.Sa: How do you get to school?Sb: Well, I ride my bike to the subway station. Then I take the subway.2. Now work with a partner.Suppose you use two kinds of transportation to get to school \Hangzhou\Beijing... (bus, train, subway, walking, bike, etc.) Tell how you get there. You may use the phrases in 1a.3. Then ask different pairs of students to present their conversations to the class.Step ⅧListening1. Work on 2a(1) First ask students to read the list of information that Thomas wants to know.…where Nina lives.…h(huán)ow far from school she lives.…h(huán)ow long it takes to get to school.…h(huán)ow she gets to school.…what she thinks of the transportation.(2) Tell students what transportation and bus stop mean.bus stop 汽車站 transportation n. 運送;運輸Then tell students we'll hear a recording. Please put a checkmark in front of each thing that Thomas wants to know.(3) Now play the recording for students.( Have students pay attention to the sample answer.) (4) Then correct the answers.
Teaching goals : 1. Words & phrases: babysit ,get back , fishing , rent , think about , decide(on) , tourist etc. 2. How to talk about future plans . 3. 現(xiàn)在進行時表示將來計劃或行動. 4. 特殊疑問句(where , when , how long引導(dǎo)) Important and difficult points : Drills :What are you doing for vacation ? I’m watching TV . When are you going ? I’m going … . How long are you staying ? We’re staying for five days . Teaching aids : cards and a tape ,a large wall calendar . Period 1 Teaching procedures : Step 1Leading in1. Free talk . 2. Put up the wall calendar . T: I’m staying home on Saturday (pointing to next Saturday ).Ss repeat . Ss: I’m staying home on Saturday . T: OK. Today we’ll learn how to talk about future plans. Step 2Pre-task SB Page 13 , 1a . 1. Look at the picture carefully and tell what you see in the picture . 2. Write the activities from the pictures in the box and add some more . 3. Practice reading . Step 3While-task1. Using the activities we write in 1a to make conversations .For example :What are you doing for vacation ? I’m visiting my uncle . 2. Pairwork .Practice in pairs . 3. 用第三人稱練習(xí)對話.
教學(xué)目標(biāo)1.知識目標(biāo):(1)學(xué)習(xí)What are you going to be when you grow up?/How are you going to do that?句式。(2)學(xué)會用英語描述有關(guān)職業(yè)的表達法。2.能力目標(biāo):(1)能夠談?wù)摓閷崿F(xiàn)理想所做出的打算和安排。(2)能夠談?wù)撐磥碜约号c他人理想的職業(yè)及原因。(3)能用英語描述課余時間的活動安排,最終具備表達綜合信息的能力。3.情感目標(biāo):新學(xué)期到來之際,讓他們在學(xué)習(xí)、體育、飲食、特長、讀書等方面制定計劃,教育學(xué)生合理安排自己的課外生活,思考自己的理想職業(yè)及適合自己的職業(yè)。教學(xué)重點、難點本單元的重點為“be going to”表將來,want to be, what,where, when,how引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句。難點是語言目標(biāo)的實現(xiàn)。教材分析本單元以I am going to be a basketball player為話題,共設(shè)計了三部分的內(nèi)容:一、Section A該部分有4個模塊。第一模塊圍繞Do you think these jobs are interesting?這一話題展開思維(1a)、聽力(1b)、口語(1c)訓(xùn)練;
(1)Have you ever been to …? Yes, I have. / Yes, I have ever been to …No, I haven’t. / No, I have never been to …(2)When did you go there? I went there last year. (3)I have never been to a water park. Neither have I. I have ever been to an amusement park. So have I. (4)How long have you been studying English? I’ve been studying English since nine o’clock. I’ve been studying English since I came back home. I’ve been studying English for five hours. (5)What’s that? It’s an amusement park in Japan. I’ve never been to an amusement park like it before. It’s fun to learn another language. Let’s go tonight. Isn’t this great?space museum, amusement park, water park, South America, Peru, Holland, European culture, tour guide, flight attendant, musical instrument, more than, be from, get to, take lessons, neither, discover, graduate, change
說明:在幫Li Lei提建議的同時,教育學(xué)生如何學(xué)好英語。第三課時教學(xué)目標(biāo)1. 語言目標(biāo):a) 詞匯: Original, in style, haircut, the same as.b) 語言結(jié)構(gòu):My friend wears the same clothes and has the same haircut as I do.2. 能力目標(biāo):大多數(shù)學(xué)生能夠談?wù)撟约合矚g哪種服裝,提高查找信息的能力。3. 情感目標(biāo):學(xué)會如何與朋友相處,要有自己對時尚的看法。教學(xué)重點掌握一些重要詞匯。教學(xué)難點學(xué)會談?wù)搯栴},并能提出書面建議?!艚虒W(xué)突破首先針對Erin的問題,提出個人的建議,模仿2c部分的對話展開雙人交際Pair-work;聽老師誦讀3a部分的信件,并找出LEFT OUT的問題所在;學(xué)生完成3b部分的內(nèi)容,給Left Out提出書面的建議;學(xué)以口頭形式提出自己目前存在的某個問題,講給大家聽,讓同學(xué)們給自己提出一個建議,并作筆錄;學(xué)生兩、三個人分成一組,隨意性地進行口語交際,談?wù)揚14的第4部分的某個問題,相互交換意見。
1 交通工具的比較此活動為小組活動。學(xué)生通過討論找出到達某一城市可乘坐的各種交通工具,并選擇最佳出行方式。Teacher:We’re going to Shanghai. How many ways can we use to get there? Yes, there are four ways: by bus, by plane, by train, by ship. Please discuss how you are going to get there.操作建議:(1)學(xué)生以小組為單位展開活動,談?wù)摫窘M所選擇的交通工具。(2)各組選代表向全班匯報,闡述本組所選擇的交通工具的利和弊。完成任務(wù)所需要的語言結(jié)構(gòu):We can go there by ship. It’s more comfortable and cheaper than any other transportation.We can go there by bus. It’s cheaper but it takes longer time.2 哪個城市更合適?此活動具有挑戰(zhàn)性。假設(shè)中國要舉行2014年世界杯足球賽,分別從歷史,人文,天氣等方面對各城市(北京,大連,上海,昆明)進行比較,選擇最佳舉辦城市。T: Imagine China is holding the 2014 FIFA World Cup. Which city do you think is the best for the World Cup, Beijing, Dalian, Shanghai or Kunming? Let’s work in groups. If you choose Beijing, please join the Team Red. If you chose Dalian, please join the Team White. If you choose Shanghai, please join the Team Blue. If you choose Kunming, please join the Team Green. Please show us its advantages. Then let’s see which team will win.
教學(xué)重點和難點:運用所掌握的語言描述,比較不同地點的特點。在練習(xí)中學(xué)習(xí)掌握英語比較級和最高級的用法。課前準(zhǔn)備分配小組,每組五至六人。通過上網(wǎng)或翻閱報刊雜志等方法,確定旅游線路,做出基本的旅游計劃。教學(xué)設(shè)計:本節(jié)課流程圖 學(xué)法指導(dǎo):1.由于這是一堂新課,在教學(xué)中應(yīng)注意面向全體,發(fā)揮學(xué)生的主體性,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生積極參與,激發(fā)學(xué)生的求知欲和學(xué)習(xí)積極性,指導(dǎo)學(xué)生積極思維,主動獲取知識,養(yǎng)成良好的學(xué)習(xí)方法。逐步學(xué)會獨立解決問題??傊M可能調(diào)動學(xué)生的非智力因素促進智力因素的發(fā)展。教法選擇:1.電化教學(xué)法2.課堂討論法3.任務(wù)型教學(xué)法采用這些方法的目的是為了充分調(diào)動學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)積極性,使學(xué)生變被動學(xué)習(xí)為主動學(xué)習(xí)。通過電腦形象的演示,加強印象,提高興趣,突破難點,提高教學(xué)效率,進而增大教學(xué)的容量和信息量。充分體現(xiàn)教師為主導(dǎo),學(xué)生為主體的教學(xué)原則。